Nuclear Waste
百科事典、科学ニュース、研究レビュー
序章
学術論文
...<p>Salt deposits host an important industrial raw material and provide storage capacities for energy and nuclear waste.....
...Some projects, such as application of energy piles, underground storage of nuclear waste, geothermal development and laying of heat pipes, are necessary to consider the effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of clay.....
...A promising young scholar, Ialenti has already published several provocative papers on nuclear wastes.....
...Radioactive strontium is a nuclear fission decay product found in industrial products and nuclear waste and is released during nuclear accidents.....
...Developing efficient adsorbents with radiation stability for uranium removal from nuclear wastewater is greatly important for resource sustainability and environmental safety in manufacturing nuclear fuel.....
...Titanite (CaTiSiO5) is a naturally occurring silicate phase, recently recognised as a potential material for immobilization of nuclear wastes, high-end ceramic lining and optical device development.....
...Nuclear wastewater containing uranium ions is a serious threat to the environment.....
...The results obtained in this paper are topical in the production of electrode coating components, welding fluxes, sorbents for nuclear wastewater burial, wastewater treatment, highly porous heat-insulating and fire-resistant materials, cement, and concrete with improved frost resistance.....
...Measurements of flux attenuation (radiography) and scattering angles (tomography) of CR muons have been successfully applied to the inspection or monitoring of large natural and civil structures, to the search for heavy metals in container and trucks, to the control of nuclear wastes , and much more.....
...Perovskite-type ceramic materials have been widely studied due to their potential use in such applications as electrical, thermal, optical, and immobilizing host materials in nuclear waste.....
...The study of thermal conductivity anisotropy is of great importance for more accurate heat flow calculations, geodynamic studies, development and utilization of hot dry rock, and simulation of heat transfer in geological reservoirs of nuclear waste, and so on.....
...<p>A large number of radionuclides, produced by nuclear accidents or nuclear waste, may cause radioactive contamination in the agricultural and aquatic ecosystems.....
...Their closed fuel cycle can support long-term nuclear power development as part of the world’s future energy mix and decrease the burden of nuclear waste.....
...Anthropogenic radionuclides, including long-lived heavy actinides such as americium and curium, represent the primary long-term challenge for management of nuclear waste.....
...The efficient capture of nuclear waste such as radionuclide iodine has received more worldwide attention because of the effects of radiation on biological health.....
...Therefore, understanding the fundamental nature of each species is crucial for designing corresponding binding sites that offer high sorption capacity and selectivity over their competing species in nuclear waste.....
...Understanding its mechanism is of great significance in coal mining following underground gasification, geothermal energy utilization, and the deep burial of nuclear waste.....
...Practical adsorbents that could efficiently collect radioactive Cesium (Cs+) are critically important in achieving proper management and treatment measures for nuclear wastes.....
深層地層処分場
学術論文
...The use of compacted bentonite around the high-level nuclear waste canister (HLW) inside the deep geological repository (DGR) ensures the prevention of entry of active radionuclides in the atmosphere due to its noteworthy large swelling ability.....
...</p><p>Knowledge of their age of deposition is necessary for understanding the long-term landscape evolution as well as for assessing the long-term safety of the planned deep geological repository for nuclear waste in northern Switzerland (NTB 14-01, 2014).....
...Crystalline rock is one of the host rocks considered for a future deep geological repository for highly active radiotoxic nuclear waste.....
...In addition, new data on the uptake and long-term retention of elevated uranyl contents in microcrystalline silicas extend previous findings from their amorphous counterparts on these materials as an effective sink for uranium attenuation to higher temperatures, important to the storage and disposal of heat-generating nuclear waste in deep geological repositories.....
...To ensure the performance efficiency and long-term operational safety of the engineering barrier in deep geological repositories, it is of great importance to investigate gas migration behavior in the water-saturated bentonite subjected to decay heat generated by the nuclear waste.....
...Bentonite has been considered as a potential buffer/backfill material for construction of engineering barriers in deep geological repository for disposal of high-level nuclear waste.....
...Regaining of strength and decrease in fracture transmissivity are particularly desirable in host rock as well as engineered barrier systems of deep geological repositories for disposal of low and intermediate-level nuclear waste.....
...The formation of such LDH compounds in a deep geological repository for nuclear waste thus represents a possible retention barrier to the migration to the far field of anionic species like 36Cl- and 129I- mobilized from the waste matrix.....
...Three-dimensional, fully coupled and efficient THM models for the numerical simulation of deep geological repositories such as the one presented in this study will help in the design of nuclear waste repositories under realistic geological conditions.....
...The buffer material in deep geological repositories for disposing high-level radioactive nuclear waste must have sufficient thermal conductivity to dissipate the decay heat.....
...The technological voids, which are inevitably formed during the construction of the deep geological repository for high-level radioactive nuclear waste, have negative influence on the hydro-mechanical properties of the engineered barrier.....
...Bentonite is a favourable candidate as a sealing material in the deep geological repository to safe storage of highly radioactive nuclear waste in several countries.....
...Deep geological repository is a favorable choice for the long-term disposal of nuclear wastes.....
...Because of its low hydraulic conductivity, high swelling capacity, and good adsorption properties, Gaomiaozi (GMZ) bentonite has been proposed as a suitable buffer/backfill material for construction of artificial barriers in deep geological repositories for high-level nuclear waste (HLW) disposal in China.....
地層処分
学術論文
...The existing technology for treatment of NPP nuclear waste is a deep geological disposal technology.....
...Compacted bentonite/sand mixture have been considered as possible sealing/backfilling material in the deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive nuclear waste.....
...Compacted Gaomiaozi bentonite–sand mixtures are regarded as attractive buffer/backfill materials for nuclear waste deep geological disposal.....
...An accurate understanding of jointed rock mass behavior is important in many applications ranging from deep geological disposal of nuclear waste to deep mining to urban geoengineering projects.....
...Understanding the mechanical properties of the reservoir rock under different temperatures after rapid thermal cooling is necessary for safe and effective deep geoengineering applications, including deep mining projects, deep geological disposal of nuclear waste, and geothermal energy extraction.....
...An accurate understanding of jointed rock mass behavior is important in many applications ranging from deep geological disposal of nuclear waste, to deep mining, and to urban geoengineering projects.....
...Deep geological disposal with provisions for retrieval is one of the most promising strategies for the definite management of high-level nuclear waste.....
...This chapter analyses the issue of siting deep geological disposal (DGD) facilities for high level nuclear waste and questions whether voluntarism can ease siting procedures.....
原子力発電所
学術論文
...In addition to these events, there occurs the stabilization of unstable nuclei, including the decay-time shortening of radioactive nuclei, which is especially interesting to apply it to treat hazardous nuclear waste produced by the nuclear power plant.....
...However, nuclear power plants demand the safe management of nuclear waste.....
...Removal of radioactive Cs from sodium-rich solutions is a technical challenge that goes back to post World War II nuclear waste storage and treatment; and interest in this topic was reinvigorated by the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear power plant disaster, 10 years ago.....
...In nuclear-related facilities, such as nuclear power plants, research reactors, accelerators, and nuclear waste storage sites, radiation detection, and mapping are required to prevent radiation overexposure.....
...As major outcome, this novel composite material could be safely applied in encapsulating or disposing hazardous nuclear waste generated by non-military applications (nuclear power plants) for efficient shielding of the environment from precarious γ-radiation.....
...Such solutions, which were perfectly adapted for handling a limited quantity and variety of radioactive material, are however no more sufficient when processing huge quantities of nuclear waste accumulated over time and/or produced at the occasion of dismantling operations occurring decades later at the end of the nuclear power plants lifecycle.....
...The nuclear industry in the United States of America has accumulated about 70,000 metric tons of high-level nuclear waste over the past decades; at present, this waste is temporarily stored close to the nuclear power plants.....
...Obtained results set method’s limit on a screening test for emergency situations only (uncontrolled nuclear waste discharges/nuclear power plant accidents etc.....
高レベルの放射性物質
学術論文
...The sustainable development of civil nuclear energy requires the fabrication of the durable nuclear wasteforms, in particular for high-level radioactive waste, which involves the design of the composition and microstructure.....
...The present work provides a potential synthetic method and nuclear waste forms for the immobilization of high-level radioactive waste in the nuclear industry.....
...In order to research whether it is suitable to set a geological disposal repository for high-level radioactive nuclear waste into one target granite body, two active source seismic profiles were arranged near a small town named Tamusu, Western China.....
...This analysis flips the conventional notion of high-level radioactive waste on its head: Instead of asking what management option should be preferred to deal with nuclear waste, the chosen disposal option has a decisive influence on what counts as radioactive waste in the first place.....
...Shale can be a potential buffer for high-level radioactive nuclear wastes.....
...In an effort to overcome the stalemate in nuclear waste governance (NWG) in Germany, a “Commission on the Storage of High-Level Radioactive Waste” was established in 2014 and tasked with providing detailed, in-depth recommendations on the selection process.....
...Selection of suitable glass composition for vitrification of high level radioactive waste (HLW) is one of the major challenges in the nuclear waste reprocessing.....
使用済み核燃料
学術論文
...Considering the expanding demand for nuclear waste management of the spent nuclear fuel materials in near future, a nondestructive analytical scheme applicable to one of the most difficult-to-measure nuclides 107Pd, which emits no decay γ-rays and whose half-life is too long to be decayed out during a human lifetime, was designed.....
...To manage nuclear waste, Finland began constructing the Onkalo spent nuclear fuel repository, which is the first structure in the world engineered to last over one hundred millennia.....
...At present spent nuclear fuel is being extracted from ship reactors with liquid-metal coolant and nuclear wastes that have been accumulated during active operations are being treated.....
...In this study, americium (Am), which is found in the minor actinidine (MA) of spent nuclear fuel known as nuclear waste from existing reactors, was used as fuel with the addition of oxygen and fluorine.....
...The decontamination of radioactive TcO 4 − from nuclear wastes is becoming increasingly crucial for spent nuclear fuel reprocessing and environmental remediation.....
...Actinide oxalates are chemical compounds important to nuclear industry, ranging from actinide separation in waste reprocessing, to production of specialty actinides, and to disposal of high level nuclear waste (HLW) and spent nuclear fuel (SNF).....
ハイレベルな処分
学術論文
...The temperature distribution is an important issue for the design and safety assessment of the repository for disposing high-level radioactive nuclear waste (HLRW).....
...The temperature distribution is an important issue for the design and safety assessment of the repository for disposing high-level radioactive nuclear waste (HLRW).....
...The nuclear power industry started in the 1950s and has now reached a phase of disposing high-level nuclear waste.....
レベル核廃棄物
学術論文
...m tr lsc i] 2 2 M ay 2 02 1 The oxygen deficient fluorite compounds, pyrochlore (A2B2O7, Fd3̄m), disordered fluorite (A2B2O7, Fm3̄m), monoclinic pyrochlore (A2B2O7, P21) and δ-phase (A4B3O12, R3̄), (A and B are rare earth transition metal species) are capable of surviving extreme radiation environments at elevated temperatures without amorphization and hence widely recognized as potential hosts for the immobilization of high level nuclear waste [1].....
...The use of compacted bentonite around the high-level nuclear waste canister (HLW) inside the deep geological repository (DGR) ensures the prevention of entry of active radionuclides in the atmosphere due to its noteworthy large swelling ability.....
...We review three factors affecting fusion's future trajectory: (1) the significant drop in the price of renewable energy, (2) the intermittency of renewable sources and implications for future energy grids, and (3) the recent proposition of intermediate-level nuclear waste as a product of fusion.....
...Our analysis implies that the practical implementation of a high-level nuclear waste (HLW) management strategy will require the “stitching together” of these different mediations, which is an inherently political task.....
...Interaction of copper with deoxygenated solutions is key to quantify corrosion during long-term exposure in a final high-level nuclear waste repository.....
...Non-isothermal water retention curve (WRC) in high suction range is a fundamental and interpretative tool to describe the behavior of bentonite and is crucial to ensure the safety and effective operation of high-level nuclear waste repository.....
...In order to dispose of high level nuclear waste during the operation of underground geological repositories, the buffer/backfill performance of bentonite–based material might be affected by the combined influence of temperature field and infiltrating groundwater thereby leading to uncertainties in the safe operation of repositories.....
...In the context of a high-level nuclear waste disposal, the retention of U(VI) on non-pre-treated Ca-bentonite as potential technical barrier is studied.....
...The standard design for the underground disposal of high-level nuclear waste consists of a carbon steel container that hosts the waste shielded by a 5-cm-thick layer of corrosion-resistant.....
...1 High-Level Nuclear Waste (Source Term).....
...Due to the man-made production of 93Mo in nuclear facilities, the result leads to significantly increased precision for modelling the low-level nuclear waste composition.....
...The estimation of hydraulic and mechanical properties of bedrock is important for the evaluation of energy-related structures, including high-level nuclear waste repositories, hydraulic fracturing wells, and gas-hydrate production wells.....
...An increase of up to ~83% in erosion rate compared to the constant aperture case highlights the need to consider fracture aperture heterogeneity and its effect on the bentonite erosion in the assessment of the safety and evolution of a high-level nuclear waste repository.....
...By 2080, Germany will have to store around 600 000 m 3 of low and intermediate-level nuclear waste (L-ILW) with negligible heat generation.....
...Geologic disposal is a promising solution for a safe permanent isolation of accumulated high-level nuclear waste from nuclear powerplants.....
...Geological repository of high-level nuclear waste (HLNW), the most feasible approach for the safe and permanent treatment of HLNW without human intervention, has been investigated for years by many researchers.....
...Bentonite has been considered as a potential buffer/backfill material for construction of engineering barriers in deep geological repository for disposal of high-level nuclear waste.....
...Regaining of strength and decrease in fracture transmissivity are particularly desirable in host rock as well as engineered barrier systems of deep geological repositories for disposal of low and intermediate-level nuclear waste.....
...Safe disposal of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) is a challenging problem world-wide.....
...Ultimately, these methods will be applied to understanding radiation effects in complex aqueous solutions present in high-level nuclear waste.....
...Deep geological disposal with provisions for retrieval is one of the most promising strategies for the definite management of high-level nuclear waste.....
...Knowledge of the behavior of highly compacted expansive clays, as an engineered barrier, in disposal of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) systems to prevent the pollution due to migration of radionuclide is extremely essential.....
...Several applications, including  in the background of high level nuclear waste disposal are provided to show the abilities of CASRock in the simulation of coupling processes between physical fields.....
...Actinide oxalates are chemical compounds important to nuclear industry, ranging from actinide separation in waste reprocessing, to production of specialty actinides, and to disposal of high level nuclear waste (HLW) and spent nuclear fuel (SNF).....
...A currently heavily debated example is the corrosion mechanism of borosilicate glasses, which are the favoured material for the immobilization of high-level nuclear waste.....
...A synergic solution of N,N-di-n-octyl-2-hydroxyacetamide (DOHyA) and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)diglycolamic acid (HDEHDGA) in n-dodecane has been proposed for the single-cycle separation of Am(III) and Cm(III) from high-level nuclear waste containing chemically similar lanthanides in 3–4 M nitric acid medium.....
...The nuclear power industry started in the 1950s and has now reached a phase of disposing high-level nuclear waste.....
...This chapter analyses the issue of siting deep geological disposal (DGD) facilities for high level nuclear waste and questions whether voluntarism can ease siting procedures.....
...The nuclear industry in the United States of America has accumulated about 70,000 metric tons of high-level nuclear waste over the past decades; at present, this waste is temporarily stored close to the nuclear power plants.....
...Because of its low hydraulic conductivity, high swelling capacity, and good adsorption properties, Gaomiaozi (GMZ) bentonite has been proposed as a suitable buffer/backfill material for construction of artificial barriers in deep geological repositories for high-level nuclear waste (HLW) disposal in China.....
...Gluconate is a multidentate ligand and its complexation with actinides has received increasing attention because of its existence in high level nuclear wastes as well as in nuclear waste repositories.....
放射性核廃棄物
学術論文
...The temperature distribution is an important issue for the design and safety assessment of the repository for disposing high-level radioactive nuclear waste (HLRW).....
...In order to research whether it is suitable to set a geological disposal repository for high-level radioactive nuclear waste into one target granite body, two active source seismic profiles were arranged near a small town named Tamusu, Western China.....
...Gaining insights about important ecological processes leading to inhibition of microbial survival under extreme conditions, such as vicinity of highly radioactive nuclear waste, is key for improving engineering designs.....
...Compacted bentonite/sand mixture have been considered as possible sealing/backfilling material in the deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive nuclear waste.....
...In the geological repository of radioactive nuclear waste, anaerobic corrosion can generate hydrogen, and may conservatively lead to the production of hydrogen-air layer.....
...Adsorption-based iodine (I 2 ) capture is of great potential for the treatment of radioactive nuclear waste.....
...The buffer material in deep geological repositories for disposing high-level radioactive nuclear waste must have sufficient thermal conductivity to dissipate the decay heat.....
...The technological voids, which are inevitably formed during the construction of the deep geological repository for high-level radioactive nuclear waste, have negative influence on the hydro-mechanical properties of the engineered barrier.....
...Bentonite is a favourable candidate as a sealing material in the deep geological repository to safe storage of highly radioactive nuclear waste in several countries.....
...ABSTRACT Geological disposal has been proposed as the solution for managing the most radioactive nuclear wastes.....
...The temperature distribution is an important issue for the design and safety assessment of the repository for disposing high-level radioactive nuclear waste (HLRW).....
...Shale can be a potential buffer for high-level radioactive nuclear wastes.....
...Intense investigations are in progress globally towards the immobilization of radioactive and non-radioactive nuclear waste by their direct vitrification or by using novel glassy materials as an alternate shield.....
...Calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement is one of the potential candidates for the solidification of low and intermediate level radioactive nuclear waste which comprises high borate concentrations.....
地質核廃棄物
学術論文
... Andra is leading the design of a deep geological nuclear waste repository to be located in the Callovo-Oxfordian formation.....
...Especially in the context of deep geological nuclear waste disposal, the evolving excavation damaged zone (EDZ) in the near field of emplacement tunnels is of utmost importance concerning safety aspects.....
...The aim was to evaluate the structural evolution of potassium metakaolin based geopolymer as a function of time and temperature for geological nuclear waste disposal applications.....
...In a deep geological nuclear waste repository gas can be generated by different processes.....
...Some deep geological nuclear waste disposal concepts are considering the installation around the waste canisters of bentonite barriers made up of two components: highly compacted blocks to support the canister and a granular buffer material consisting of bentonite pellets to fill the rest of the disposal gallery.....
...In geological nuclear waste storage repositories, the decay of radioactive elements generates heat, exposing the reservoir rocks to high-temperature conditions for long periods.....
...Clay has wide application in engineered barriers, such as buffer barriers in deep geological nuclear waste disposal, clay liners in landfill, and earthen slopes and embankments, to name a few.....
潜在的な核廃棄物
学術論文
...In order to properly understand the present and future conditions of potential nuclear waste repository sites, we need to simulate the past history.....
...Minimization of all potential nuclear wastes without SFR deployment in 2180.....
...Chemical durability of lanthanide zirconates (A2Zr2O7) (A = La-Yb) under near-field environments is important for evaluating their application as potential nuclear waste forms.....
..., weathering, building materials, as well as host rock characterization for potential nuclear waste repositories.....
...Although vanadinite (Pb5(VO4)3Cl) occurs in abundance in various terrestrial geochemical systems of natural and anthropogenic origin and is seriously considered as a potential nuclear waste sequestering agent, its actual application is severely limited by a lack of understanding of its basic thermodynamic parameters.....
...Lanthanide phosphates (LnPO4) are considered as a potential nuclear waste form for immobilization of Pu and minor actinides (Np, Am, and Cm).....
地下核廃棄物
学術論文
...The proposed retention model might be applied, for example, to the simulation of the hydromechanical behaviour of engineered bentonite barriers in underground nuclear waste repositories, where compacted active clays are subjected to changes of both suction and porosity structure under restrained volume conditions.....
...The advancement of models that couple transport properties to mechanical responses are of interest in the fields of carbon sequestration, hydrofracking, production of geothermal energy, induced seismicity, and underground nuclear waste storage, and these experiments validate a novel experimental approach towards investigating hydro-mechanical relationships.....
...Crystalline rock has been tested/selected by many countries for developing underground nuclear waste repositories at ~500 m depth to achieve geological isolation of high-level, long-lived radioactive waste.....
...Copper is a promising overpack material for deep underground nuclear waste disposal, although it is susceptible to corrosion following closure of the repository, and subsequent migration of the corrosion products through the buffer material may affect the migration of redox-sensitive radionuclides.....
活動 核廃棄物
学術論文
...Some samples were kept under in-service operating conditions in a higher activity nuclear waste store whilst control samples were kept in normal atmospheric conditions on the nuclear site.....
...In the composition space for Hanford low-activity nuclear waste glass, the waste loading of some formulations is limited by poor incorporation of sulfate.....
...The phosphate glass samples doped with Tb2O3 oxide (general formula: P2O5-Al2O3-Na2O-Tb2O3) were synthesized and studied for usage in high-dose radiation dosimetry (for example, in high-activity nuclear waste disposals).....
危険な核廃棄物
学術論文
...Subsurface earth can store the energy produced from renewable sources, such as wind and solar, and could provide safe storage of contaminants and hazardous nuclear waste.....
...In addition to these events, there occurs the stabilization of unstable nuclei, including the decay-time shortening of radioactive nuclei, which is especially interesting to apply it to treat hazardous nuclear waste produced by the nuclear power plant.....
...As major outcome, this novel composite material could be safely applied in encapsulating or disposing hazardous nuclear waste generated by non-military applications (nuclear power plants) for efficient shielding of the environment from precarious γ-radiation.....
核廃棄物の封じ込め
学術論文
...How to efficiently treat radioactive uranium-containing nuclear wastewater is one of the significant challenges to ensure the safety of nuclear technology and to avoid environmental pollution.....
...Cs-defined ceramics are considered to be ideal solidification forms for 137Cs with high solubility, high volatility, and high mobility in Cs-containing nuclear wastes.....
...These results indicate the great potential of UPC-K1 in the treatment of uranium-containing nuclear wastewater.....
揮発性核廃棄物
学術論文
...Volatile nuclear wastes, such as iodine, have received worldwide attention because it poses risks to public safety and pollutes the environment.....
...Together with the excellent irradiation stability, high-silica CHA zeolite membranes pave the way to separate radioactive Kr from Xe for a notable reduction of the volatile nuclear waste storage volume.....
...Together with the excellent irradiation stability, high‐silica CHA zeolite membranes pave the way to separate radioactive Kr from Xe for a notable reduction of the volatile nuclear waste storage volume.....
アルカリ性核廃棄物
学術論文
...Direct removal of 99TcO4– from alkaline nuclear waste is desirable because of the nuclear waste management and environmental protection relevant to nuclear energy but is yet to be achieved given that combined features of decent base-resistance and high uptake selectivity toward anions with low charge density have not been integrated into a single anion-exchange material.....
...9 × 105 mL g-1), demonstrating the potential application of SZ-7 for 90Sr removal in highly alkaline nuclear waste.....
...Electrolyte solutions in alkaline nuclear waste contain aluminate, hydroxide, nitrate and nitrite with sodium as the predominant counterion.....
シミュレートされた核廃棄物
学術論文
...The ion exchange capacities of these nano-crystalline zeolites were evaluated by using simulated nuclear waste solutions containing Cs+or Sr2+ ions.....
...In this paper, the effects of heat treatment on the structure and properties of Cs-containing glass-ceramics, as a simulated nuclear waste form, were systematically investigated.....
...We reported a rapid synthesis of Sm3+/Zr4+ co-doped Gd2Ti2O7 pyrochlore simulated nuclear wastes solidification by self-propagation plus quick pressing technique.....
液体核廃棄物
学術論文
...Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is often detected as contaminant in domestic wastewater (DWW) and liquid nuclear waste (LNW).....
...The selective capture of radioactive cesium, strontium, and lanthanides from liquid nuclear waste is of great significance to environmental remediation and human health.....
核廃棄物の処理
学術論文
...Recently, issues related to the effects (benefit or harm) of processing nuclear waste and its further use as fuel have been increasingly often raised in the scientific discussion.....
...In this communication, we report on the use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for processing nuclear waste, with a view to selectively recovering minor actinides (MA) from highly active raffinate solutions.....
Simulating Nuclear Waste
学術論文
...Synchrotron high-energy XRD measurements and ab-initio DFT calculations were employed to investigate microstructural degradation of copper upon exposure to sulfide-containing anoxic groundwater simulating nuclear waste repository.....
...Two weak base anion exchange resins, Lewatit A365 and Purolite MTS9850, have been tested for the removal of aqueous iodide from conditions simulating nuclear waste reprocessing streams.....
Generating Nuclear Waste
学術論文
...In addition, new data on the uptake and long-term retention of elevated uranyl contents in microcrystalline silicas extend previous findings from their amorphous counterparts on these materials as an effective sink for uranium attenuation to higher temperatures, important to the storage and disposal of heat-generating nuclear waste in deep geological repositories.....
...Investigations relating to in-drift disposal of heat-generating nuclear waste in salt have raised questions about heat–brine interactions in the unsaturated run-of-mine (RoM) salt pile used as backfill.....
核廃棄物の削減
学術論文
...With the main object of reducing nuclear waste materials, in this study, numerous influential factors were optimized to find the best conditions for uranium extraction from a nuclear waste using Tri-butyl-phosphate extractant.....
...A treatment method for nuclear graphite has been developed that removes the majority of multiple contaminants, reducing nuclear waste volumes.....
Stored Nuclear Waste
学術論文
...Reliable surface thermometry of stored nuclear waste containers is essential for both health monitoring and corrosion modelling.....
...To avoid the release of such anionic species from the stored nuclear wastes to the environment.....
核廃棄物の隔離
学術論文
...Crystalline phases are promising materials (matrices) for isolating nuclear waste with long-lived radionuclides, actinides first of all.....
...In China, Gaomiaozi (GMZ) bentonite is recognized as a barrier material for isolating nuclear waste.....
核廃棄物処理
学術論文
...Uranyl ion, UO22+, and its aqueous complexes with organic and inorganic ligands can be the dominant species for uranium transport on the Earth surface or in a nuclear waste disposal system if an oxidizing condition is present.....
...Medical Geology provides a holistic framework to analyze the potential health effects from exposures to natural materials and to the environmental impacts of mineral resource development and chemical and nuclear waste disposal.....
...Underground engineering is becoming increasingly sophisticated in recent years, exemplified by shale gas recovery, nuclear waste disposal and enhanced geothermal systems.....
...Although the exact stoichiometry of the complex may need to be revisited, this new quaternary complex has a pronounced impact on plutonium predominance diagrams over a broad range of pH, pe, and calcium concentrations that are relevant to nuclear waste disposal.....
...Fluid flow and solute transport in rock fractures are important for controlling pollutant migration in groundwater and radionuclide migration in nuclear waste disposal.....
...This work provides key information to understand the chemical speciation and relevant equilibrium processes of An(III) and Ln(III) in the presence of gluconate under conditions relevant for nuclear waste disposal.....
...Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) drill bits used in the Deep Borehole Placement (DBP) approach for nuclear waste disposal are subjected to highly competent, low-porosity, and low-permeability rock mass that cause severe wear and damage.....
...Such processes can be relevant for numerous applications, such as hydrocarbon and geothermal reservoir characterization and monitoring, risk assessment of soil contaminants, or nuclear waste disposal strategies.....
...<p>Transport and flow through fractured crystalline rocks is an important and often studied topic in the context of nuclear waste disposal, given that the heterogeneity of fluid transport constraints the efficiency of radionuclide sorption processes.....
...Upscaling has considerable practical importance in oil and gas production, energy storage, carbon geologic sequestration, contamination remediation, and nuclear waste disposal.....
...The study of the influence of temperature on granite's physical and mechanical properties is significant to deep geotechnical engineering such as nuclear waste disposal engineering.....
...It is also of increasing importance with regard to economic, social, and environmental challenges such as nuclear waste disposal, gas storage, geothermal energy, natural hazards, and mineral resource exploration.....
...They may strongly impact nutrient and contaminant mobility in soils and other subsurface environments, they control oil recovery from limestone reservoirs, and they may impact the safety of nuclear waste disposal sites.....
...<p>Barite formation is of concern for many sustainable utilisations of the geological subsurface, ranging from oil and gas extraction to geothermal reservoirs, and also acts as a scavenger mineral for the retention of radium for nuclear waste disposal.....
...Especially in the context of deep geological nuclear waste disposal, the evolving excavation damaged zone (EDZ) in the near field of emplacement tunnels is of utmost importance concerning safety aspects.....
...In the context of a high-level nuclear waste disposal, the retention of U(VI) on non-pre-treated Ca-bentonite as potential technical barrier is studied.....
...In addition, topological analysis can be useful for site selection of major facilities such as nuclear waste disposal sites because it can be used to evaluate the stability of the potential sites.....
...The aim was to evaluate the structural evolution of potassium metakaolin based geopolymer as a function of time and temperature for geological nuclear waste disposal applications.....
...This work extends our understanding of dynamic coupled processes of microstructure and elastic deformation in shales to the nm-scale, which also has applications to other subsurface energy systems such as carbon sequestration, geothermal and nuclear waste disposal.....
...Alpha energy spectrum measurement has been employed in the nuclear waste disposal of transuranic nuclides (such as 239Pu and 241Am), supervision, and disposal process.....
...Given shale's potential to serve as both a caprock for geological carbon sequestration and as the host for nuclear waste disposal, this study focuses on the structural characterization around a 1.....
...Coupled thermo–hydro-mechanical (THM) models are used for the assessment of nuclear waste disposal, reservoir engineering, and many other branches of geotechnical engineering.....
...Nuclear power generation and problems with nuclear waste disposal.....
...Advanced bioconvection technology sectors include cooling systems for electronic devices, building insulation, and geothermal nuclear waste disposal.....
...Such a constitutive model, which predicts the thermoelastoplastic soil behavior around the cylindrical cavity is applicable in many geotechnical engineering problems related to soil mechanics; such as the interpretation of pressuremeter tests in saturated soils, geothermal piles and nuclear waste disposal problems.....
...Investigation on compression behavior of bentonite is an important issue for designing the artificial barriers in a geological repository for nuclear waste disposal.....
...These results overcome previous conservative estimates assuming no or only a weak uptake in cementitious systems and represent a relevant contribution for the quantitative assessment on the retention/mobilization of beryllium in the context of nuclear waste disposal.....
...The driving mechanisms and kinematics of salt deformation have gained widespread interest partly due to the potential role of salt in hydrocarbon systems, and also due to its potential uses for nuclear waste disposal.....
...It is considered as a long-term hazard in nuclear waste disposal.....
...The phosphate glass samples doped with Tb2O3 oxide (general formula: P2O5-Al2O3-Na2O-Tb2O3) were synthesized and studied for usage in high-dose radiation dosimetry (for example, in high-activity nuclear waste disposals).....
...Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.....
...Fault reactivation due to water injection is assessed within the scope of nuclear waste disposal design.....
...Copper is a promising overpack material for deep underground nuclear waste disposal, although it is susceptible to corrosion following closure of the repository, and subsequent migration of the corrosion products through the buffer material may affect the migration of redox-sensitive radionuclides.....
...An understanding of the fracture behavior and subcritical crack propagation of hard rock under different temperatures is necessary for the design and stability of nuclear waste disposal projects.....
...Nuclear waste disposal represents one of the biggest socio-economic challenges of this century and probably for many centuries to come.....
...The coupling of L3-edge X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy measurements and relativistic multireference ab initio methods opens new perspectives in the definition of chemical and thermodynamic models for systems of relevance in the context of nuclear waste disposal, environmental, and pharmaceutical applications.....
...Due to development of technology and industry nowadays, new engineering applications such as nuclear waste disposal, oil extraction and pipelines, geothermal structures etc.....
...The results are loosely linked to the fate of nuclear particles that might potentially leak out from nuclear waste disposal in the bedrock of the catchment.....
...The permeability of thermally cracked granites is crucial information for understanding and modeling a number of processes in the earth’s crust, such as folding, geothermal activity, magmatic intrusions, and nuclear waste disposal.....
...Several applications, including  in the background of high level nuclear waste disposal are provided to show the abilities of CASRock in the simulation of coupling processes between physical fields.....
...In this paper, the stability of deep boreholes (5 km) is examined by laboratory experiments and numerical models in the context of nuclear waste disposal in Israel.....
...Solubility upper-limits determined in this work can be used for source term estimations including the effect of sulfate in a variety of geochemical conditions relevant in the context of nuclear waste disposal.....
...Some deep geological nuclear waste disposal concepts are considering the installation around the waste canisters of bentonite barriers made up of two components: highly compacted blocks to support the canister and a granular buffer material consisting of bentonite pellets to fill the rest of the disposal gallery.....
...Chemical, thermodynamic and Pitzer activity models provided in this work for the system UO22+–Na+–K+–Mg2+–H+–OH−–Cl−–H2O(l) accurately describe all evaluated datasets, and represent an adequate tool for the calculation of U(VI) solubility and aqueous speciation in a variety of geochemical conditions including concentrated brine systems of relevance in salt-based repositories for nuclear waste disposal.....
...Clay has wide application in engineered barriers, such as buffer barriers in deep geological nuclear waste disposal, clay liners in landfill, and earthen slopes and embankments, to name a few.....
...Synroc is recognized as the second-generation waste matrice for nuclear waste disposal.....
核廃棄物保管庫
学術論文
...The author, a cultural anthropologist, analyses these problems through the lens of his ethnographic fieldwork among ‘Safety Case’ experts attempting to build a nuclear waste repository in Olkiluoto, Finland.....
...In order to properly understand the present and future conditions of potential nuclear waste repository sites, we need to simulate the past history.....
...The proposed retention model might be applied, for example, to the simulation of the hydromechanical behaviour of engineered bentonite barriers in underground nuclear waste repositories, where compacted active clays are subjected to changes of both suction and porosity structure under restrained volume conditions.....
...Synchrotron high-energy XRD measurements and ab-initio DFT calculations were employed to investigate microstructural degradation of copper upon exposure to sulfide-containing anoxic groundwater simulating nuclear waste repository.....
...Interaction of copper with deoxygenated solutions is key to quantify corrosion during long-term exposure in a final high-level nuclear waste repository.....
...Non-isothermal water retention curve (WRC) in high suction range is a fundamental and interpretative tool to describe the behavior of bentonite and is crucial to ensure the safety and effective operation of high-level nuclear waste repository.....
... Andra is leading the design of a deep geological nuclear waste repository to be located in the Callovo-Oxfordian formation.....
...The results of our simulation and analysis have important implications for underground excavation involved in many geoengineering applications such as civil infrastructure, nuclear waste repository and oil/gas/geothermal wellbore systems.....
...The electronic origin accounts for the strong non-ideality in thermodynamic parameters that extends the stability field of the actinide silicates in nature and under typical nuclear waste repository conditions.....
...Plutonium is a major contributor to the radiotoxicity in a long-term nuclear waste repository; therefore, many studies have focused on interactions of plutonium with the technical, geotechnical, and geological barriers of a possible nuclear waste storage site.....
..., isolated from radioactive waste, were tested for their ability to influence the fate and transport of neodymium (Nd3+) under high salt conditions expected at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) nuclear waste repository.....
...We explore different machine learning methods and conceptual methodologies, ranging from functional approximations to dynamical approximations, to build such emulators for coupled thermal, hydrological, mechanical, and chemical processes that occur near an engineered barrier system in the nuclear waste repository.....
...The estimation of hydraulic and mechanical properties of bedrock is important for the evaluation of energy-related structures, including high-level nuclear waste repositories, hydraulic fracturing wells, and gas-hydrate production wells.....
...An increase of up to ~83% in erosion rate compared to the constant aperture case highlights the need to consider fracture aperture heterogeneity and its effect on the bentonite erosion in the assessment of the safety and evolution of a high-level nuclear waste repository.....
...The FEBEX in situ test provided bentonite samples that had been submitted to the conditions of the engineered barrier of a nuclear waste repository for 18 years.....
...Detailed information on the An(iii)/Ln(iii) complexation properties in solution is essential for separation chemistry and the prediction of their potential for radionuclide migration from nuclear waste repositories into natural aquifers.....
...The heated fiber-optic method is receiving much attention as a quality control tool for buffer emplacement in the nuclear waste repository.....
...<p>Safety of a nuclear waste repository is based to a large extent on the isolation of the radioactive waste within a suitable host rock.....
...To predict long-term evolution of underground storage caverns and nuclear waste repositories, information about the mechanical behaviour of halite-dominated evaporites at time scales far longer than possible in the laboratory is critical for safe design and operation.....
...Understanding the mechanical behaviors of granite after high temperature exposure and under confining stress conditions is an important issue in deep rock engineering projects such as the mining of deep underground solid mineral resources, deep geothermal energy exploitation and deep nuclear waste repositories.....
...A sound understanding of the influence of cyclic loading on mechanical properties of rock is of great importance for the management and optimization of engineering rock mass structures such as nuclear waste repositories and geothermal resources.....
...Three-dimensional, fully coupled and efficient THM models for the numerical simulation of deep geological repositories such as the one presented in this study will help in the design of nuclear waste repositories under realistic geological conditions.....
...In a deep geological nuclear waste repository gas can be generated by different processes.....
...Crystalline rock has been tested/selected by many countries for developing underground nuclear waste repositories at ~500 m depth to achieve geological isolation of high-level, long-lived radioactive waste.....
...Experimental studies show that compacted bentonite used as a backfill material for nuclear waste repository experiences strong coupling between chemical and mechanical processes.....
...The uptake of the fission product technetium (Tc) by chukanovite, an FeII hydroxy carbonate mineral formed as a carbon steel corrosion product in anoxic and carbonate-rich environments, was studied under anoxic, alkaline to hyperalkaline conditions representative for nuclear waste repositories in deep geological formations with cement-based inner linings.....
...A porothermoelasticity model was applied to investigate the cross-interactions among the temperature, change in pore water pressure, and displacement of a buffer material in the near-field and a host rock in the far-field with the conceptual model in a nuclear waste repository.....
...In this paper, coupled governing equations were proposed to simulate three-dimensional heat conduction and moisture transport in the nuclear waste repository.....
...Microorganisms can influence the performance of nuclear waste repositories through activities or processes that affect radionuclide migration.....
...With respect to the minimum requirement of a thickness of 100 m, the Opalinus Clay seems to be a suitable host rock for nuclear waste repositories.....
..., weathering, building materials, as well as host rock characterization for potential nuclear waste repositories.....
...The latter is essential in underground projects such as nuclear waste repositories.....
...Ialenti’s recent book, Deep Time Reckoning (MIT Press, 2020), chronicles his anthropological work on the institution responsible for the long-term safety of a Finnish nuclear waste repository.....
...The research findings of our paper have important implications for the assessment of excavation damaged zone properties around nuclear waste repositories built using the drilling and blasting method.....
...Gluconate is a multidentate ligand and its complexation with actinides has received increasing attention because of its existence in high level nuclear wastes as well as in nuclear waste repositories.....
核廃棄物の保管
学術論文
...In-situ acoustic emission (AE) monitoring is carried out in mines, tunnels and underground laboratories in the context of structural health monitoring, in decameter-scale research projects investigating the physics of earthquake nucleation and propagation and in research projects looking into the seismo-hydro-mechanical response of the rock mass in the context of hydraulic stimulations or nuclear waste storage.....
...<p>In the simulation of many porous media applications, such as geothermal energy, CO2 and nuclear waste storage and groundwater management, transport and reaction processes are fundamental to make accurate and reliable predictions.....
...During the construction of nuclear waste storage facilities, deep drilling, and geothermal energy development, high-temperature rocks are inevitably subjected to thermal shock.....
...The advancement of models that couple transport properties to mechanical responses are of interest in the fields of carbon sequestration, hydrofracking, production of geothermal energy, induced seismicity, and underground nuclear waste storage, and these experiments validate a novel experimental approach towards investigating hydro-mechanical relationships.....
...Removal of radioactive Cs from sodium-rich solutions is a technical challenge that goes back to post World War II nuclear waste storage and treatment; and interest in this topic was reinvigorated by the Fukushima-Daiichi nuclear power plant disaster, 10 years ago.....
...Controlled dissolution glasses have been researched extensively by Glass Technology Services (GTS) since 1999 for the biomedical industry, nuclear waste storage industry, and defense and aerospace industries.....
...Reactive transport plays an important role in various subsurface applications, including carbon dioxide sequestration, nuclear waste storage, biogeochemistry and the simulation of hydro–thermal reservoirs.....
...In nuclear-related facilities, such as nuclear power plants, research reactors, accelerators, and nuclear waste storage sites, radiation detection, and mapping are required to prevent radiation overexposure.....
...Together with the excellent irradiation stability, high-silica CHA zeolite membranes pave the way to separate radioactive Kr from Xe for a notable reduction of the volatile nuclear waste storage volume.....
...(Hydroxy)apatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2], has emerging potential as a cement coating material, with applications in environmental remediation, nuclear waste storage and architectural preservation.....
...The research results can provide important references for the stability of deep underground projects such as coal mining process, tunnel excavation process, nuclear waste storage and other engineering stability.....
...Concrete shrinkage and creep under variable hydric conditions are important factors for the safety and durability of concrete especially in nuclear reactor or nuclear waste storage background.....
...The dual challenge of nuclear plant safety and nuclear waste storage is a key sustainability issue.....
...Together with the excellent irradiation stability, high‐silica CHA zeolite membranes pave the way to separate radioactive Kr from Xe for a notable reduction of the volatile nuclear waste storage volume.....
...The effective and safe capture and storage of radioactive iodine (129I or 131I) are of significant importance during nuclear waste storage and nuclear energy generation.....
...In geological nuclear waste storage repositories, the decay of radioactive elements generates heat, exposing the reservoir rocks to high-temperature conditions for long periods.....
...In 2016, the Government of South Australia held a series of public engagement activities about the possibility of nuclear waste storage in the state.....
...This study deals with performance of removal of cesium (Cs+) and strontium (Sr2+) ions from synthetic aqueous solution using amino pyridine sulfone amid resin as a barrier material for nuclear waste storage areas to reduce environmental risk.....
核廃棄物管理
学術論文
...Considering the expanding demand for nuclear waste management of the spent nuclear fuel materials in near future, a nondestructive analytical scheme applicable to one of the most difficult-to-measure nuclides 107Pd, which emits no decay γ-rays and whose half-life is too long to be decayed out during a human lifetime, was designed.....
...This work provides insight into the design of advanced inert matrix nuclear fuel and new nuclear waste management materials.....
...Following Taiwan’s nuclear waste management policy, INER launched Taiwan’s first Independent Spent Fuel Storage Installation (ISFSI) project in 2005.....
...Attention to operational temporalities shows how an often-overlooked nexus of schedule pressures, political-economic imperatives and regulatory breakdowns converged to modulate nuclear waste management workflows and, ultimately, trigger a radiological accident.....
...This chapter analyses South Africa’s approach to nuclear waste management.....
...As a senior research fellow, she is the nuclear waste management team lead at the Centre for Energy Research in Budapest, where she is working on finding a safe way to store nuclear waste.....
...This study demonstrates that Raman spectroscopy and TRLFS are potentially valuable techniques for characterising uranyl oxy-hydroxides and could be used in conjunction with other methods, such as laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), as part of a remote analysis package in nuclear waste management.....
...While such separations could transform the nuclear waste management landscape, these systems are often limited by the hydrolytic and radiolytic stability of the extractant.....
...The disulfonated N,N′-diphenyl-2,9-diamide-1,10-phenanthroline (DS-Ph-DAPhen) ligand, is recently added to the list of efficient water-soluble heterocyclic ligands for the separation of actinides from lanthanides in nuclear waste management.....
...In order to assess the performance of disposal facilities, thermodynamic data regarding nuclides in water–rock systems and minerals in geochemical environments are required; the results obtained from the analysis of these data can provide a strong scientific basis for maintaining safety performance to support nuclear waste management.....
...Safety assessments in nuclear waste management typically include the analysis of thermo-mechanical (TM) coupled processes.....
...Using the local/global network framework, we analyse four years’ worth of information sharing in an inter-organisational advisory group in the context of Swedish nuclear waste management.....
...Our data will be important for global nuclear waste management organizations, demonstrating that identifying appropriate design conditions with suitable clay swelling properties will prevent growth of the same subset of clay-associated bacteria, regardless of clay origin or processing conditions.....
...The analysis is based on a systematic literature review and aims to gain indirect knowledge for nuclear waste management (NWM) deduced from the dynamics within the socio-technical ensembles of wind farms, fracking and carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS).....
...Other important issues to achieve nuclear energy long-term sustainability are the proper use of its fuel sources and the improvement of nuclear waste management.....
...Schiff-base complexes of tetravalent actinides are useful for the development of new separation strategies in nuclear fuel processing and nuclear waste management.....
核廃棄物フォーム
学術論文
...The present work provides a potential synthetic method and nuclear waste forms for the immobilization of high-level radioactive waste in the nuclear industry.....
...They are of significant interest in the fields of geochemistry, mineralogy, nuclear waste form development, and material science.....
...The α-decay of incorporated actinides continuously produces helium, resulting in helium accumulation and causing security concerns for nuclear waste forms.....
...Chemical durability of lanthanide zirconates (A2Zr2O7) (A = La-Yb) under near-field environments is important for evaluating their application as potential nuclear waste forms.....
...Test for nuclear waste form (MCC-1) was assembled for (3-90 days) using coupon samples of ISG and powdered Ankerite.....
...In this paper, the effects of heat treatment on the structure and properties of Cs-containing glass-ceramics, as a simulated nuclear waste form, were systematically investigated.....
...Substitutions of tetravalent early actinides (Th – Am) and Ce into the ceramic nuclear waste form zirconolite, CaZrTi2O7, have been analysed using hybrid Density Functional Theory in conjunction with the Periodic Electrostatic Embedded Cluster Method.....
...In order to meet this challenging task, the research is underway to develop an advanced stable nuclear waste form which will be capable to accommodate the radiation effects under repository conditions and over geological time scales.....
...) display excellent structural flexibility and rich crystal chemistry as promising nuclear waste form materials capable of immobilizing actinides and fission products.....
...The long-term performance, or resistance to elemental release, is the defining characteristic of a nuclear waste form.....
...Complex oxides, such as Gd2Ti2O7, are potential candidates for energy-transport materials in advanced technological applications and nuclear waste forms.....
...Lanthanide phosphates (LnPO4) are considered as a potential nuclear waste form for immobilization of Pu and minor actinides (Np, Am, and Cm).....
核廃棄物の固定化
学術論文
...The drawn conclusions allow choosing the glass with the optimal concentration of Al2O3 and Fe2O3, which ensures the relatively low melting temperature, viscosity, and glass crystallization ability, with application potential in nuclear waste immobilization.....
...Low pH cements have been considered as promising matrix for municipal and nuclear waste immobilization in the last decades.....
...This work is devoted to the study of a rare earth aluminoborosilicate glass, whose molar composition is 55SiO2- (25-x)Al2O3- xB2O3–15Na2O–5La2O3, which is considered as a model glass for nuclear waste immobilization, by simulating all lanthanides as well as minor actinides contained in nuclear waste with lanthanum.....
...1PO4, was prepared and explored as a matrix for the nuclear waste immobilization.....
...The fusion of valuable material properties has led to the acceptance of sodium borosilicate (NBS) glasses for nuclear waste immobilization.....
...One of the most promising seems to be nuclear waste immobilization.....
...Understanding the corrosion behavior of glasses in near-neutral environments is crucial for many technologies including glasses for regenerative medicine and nuclear waste immobilization.....
...Special Issue: Materials for Nuclear Waste Immobilization.....
...Materials possessing a defect-fluorite pyrochlore structure can have a range of useful properties that are sought after, which include their radiation tolerance, nuclear waste immobilization, and phase stability at elevated temperatures.....
...Zirconolite is one of the most important matrix materials for nuclear waste immobilization.....
...The corrosion of glass waste forms for nuclear waste immobilization is a key metric of their performance.....
核廃棄物修復
学術論文
...The relevance of multidimensional and porous crystalline materials to nuclear waste remediation and storage applications has motivated exploratory research focused on materials discovery of compounds, such as actinide mixed-oxoanion phases, which exhibit rich structural chemistry.....
...Liquid/liquid interfaces play a central role in scientific fields ranging from nanomaterial synthesis and soft matter electronics to nuclear waste remediation and chemical separations.....
...F Block Chemistry Efficient sequestration of radioactive americium (Am) ions remains a challenge in nuclear waste remediation.....
...This work can have significant implications in various fields, including Xe production, nuclear power, nuclear waste remediation, and nonproliferation of nuclear weapons.....
...The excellent radiolytic stability and regeneration ability of CoFe2O4/GO showed that the sorbent could be successfully applied for nuclear waste remediation.....
核廃棄物処理
学術論文
...1) and although his initial interest was in their capacity to act as receptors in the solid state [6], this progressed to studies of their solution properties which ultimately resulted in his seminal contributions to the application of calixarenes in nuclear waste treatment [7].....
...In the end, we will present the research outlook for the development of Hf/Ce(iv)-MOFs in the future, including fundamental design of Hf/Ce(iv)-clusters, defect engineering, and various applications including membrane development, diversified types of catalytic reactions, irradiation absorption in nuclear waste treatment, water production and wastewater treatment, etc.....
...The incorporation of reduced Tc(IV) into stable micrometer-sized magnetite provides a viable supplemental immobilizing technology that may be used to improve nuclear waste treatment and disposal needs.....
...Solidification of radioactive waste containing strontium is a significant procedure in the nuclear waste treatment and disposal.....
...Exploring nitrogen-containing extractants for recovering hazardous minor actinides that are workable in solutions of high acidity has been a challenge in nuclear waste treatment.....
核廃棄物の流れ
学術論文
...The effective capture of radioactive volatile iodine (131I and 129I) from nuclear waste stream is of vital significance.....
...To address the environmental issues arising from the emission of radiotoxic iodine from nuclear waste streams, developing high-capacity and recyclable adsorbents is urgently demanded.....
...Rare earth (RE)-containing crystals have been investigated as media for the immobilization of RE fission products from nuclear waste streams.....
...The assessment of cucurbituril (CBn) for selective removal of actinides from nuclear waste streams requires comprehensive understanding of binding parameters and coordination of these complexes.....
...The use of these materials generates a secondary nuclear waste stream, presenting its own series of engineering problems arising from stringent handling and long-term storage requirements.....
核廃棄物ガラス化
学術論文
...The corrosion of chromia-forming alloys by molten glass is an issue encountered in industrial processes such as glass fiber production or nuclear waste vitrification.....
...Iron phosphate glass (IPG) is emerging as an alternative to the more commonly used borosilicate glass for nuclear waste vitrification.....
...Its removal from the waste stream is highly desirable because of its interference capability with actinide separation and its volatile nature during the nuclear waste vitrification process.....
...To analyze the time-temperature history of the feed in a cold-cap during nuclear waste vitrification, this work focuses on understanding how the main cold-cap body forms, how the aqueous feed slurry interacts with the cold-cap, and estimating the cold-cap heat conductivity.....
核廃棄物含有
学術論文
...Uranium(U), a highly toxic radionuclide, is becoming a great threat to soil health development, as returning nuclear waste containing U into the soil systems is increased.....
...However, nuclear waste containing constituents like molybdenum oxide (MoO3) and cesium oxide (Cs2O) are less soluble in borosilicate glass.....
...A synergic solution of N,N-di-n-octyl-2-hydroxyacetamide (DOHyA) and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)diglycolamic acid (HDEHDGA) in n-dodecane has been proposed for the single-cycle separation of Am(III) and Cm(III) from high-level nuclear waste containing chemically similar lanthanides in 3–4 M nitric acid medium.....
核廃棄物ガラス
学術論文
...In the composition space for Hanford low-activity nuclear waste glass, the waste loading of some formulations is limited by poor incorporation of sulfate.....
...The goal of this study was to determine the effects of model nuclear waste glass composition on the corrosion of Monofrax® K-3 refractory, using machine learning (ML) methods for data investigation and modeling of published borosilicate glass composition data and refractory corrosion performance.....
...Previous studies have suggested that the presence of sulfate salts in the melt hinder the incorporation of Re, a non-radioactive surrogate for Tc-99, into nuclear waste glass.....
Nuclear Waste Reprocessing
学術論文
...Two weak base anion exchange resins, Lewatit A365 and Purolite MTS9850, have been tested for the removal of aqueous iodide from conditions simulating nuclear waste reprocessing streams.....
...Understanding the binding mechanism in neptunyl clusters formed due to cation-cation interactions is of crucial importance in nuclear waste reprocessing and related areas of research.....
...Selection of suitable glass composition for vitrification of high level radioactive waste (HLW) is one of the major challenges in the nuclear waste reprocessing.....
保管されている核廃棄物
学術論文
...The Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) will process and stabilize nuclear waste stored in tanks on the Hanford Site.....
...Quantitative understanding of uranium transport by high temperature fluids is crucial for confident assessment of its migration in a number of natural and artificially induced contexts, such as hydrothermal uranium ore deposits and nuclear waste stored in geological repositories.....
核廃棄物処理
学術論文
...In response to the challenges of the epoch, “nuclear” laws currently regulate safety issues related to handling of nuclear materials, nuclear facilities operation, related transactions, nuclear waste processing and disposal, state control over the nuclear energy use, and international cooperation in the nuclear sphere.....
...The importance of this topic can be seen in atmospheric chemistry, as well as in nuclear waste processing research.....
核廃棄物ソリューション
学術論文
...The need to effectively and selectively remove radioactive 137Cs and 90Sr from nuclear waste solutions persists to mitigate their environmental mobility and high radiotoxicity.....
...The ion exchange capacities of these nano-crystalline zeolites were evaluated by using simulated nuclear waste solutions containing Cs+or Sr2+ ions.....
核廃棄物コンテナ
学術論文
...Nuclear waste containers are prone to environmental degradation – over time, corrosion/erosion can cause the leakage of radioactive material which is a significant safety hazard.....
...Reliable surface thermometry of stored nuclear waste containers is essential for both health monitoring and corrosion modelling.....
核廃棄物ガラス
学術論文
...The safety assessment of the geological disposal of nuclear waste glasses requires a thorough understanding of the vapor hydration mechanisms of these glasses.....
...During the long-term corrosion of nuclear waste glasses under nuclear waste disposal conditions, the precipitation of zeolitic phases has been linked to a delayed acceleration in glass corrosion (known as “Stage III”).....
核廃棄物のホウケイ酸塩
学術論文
...Owing to its strong volatility, there is currently no ideal protocol to immobilize 129I in nuclear waste borosilicate glasses.....
...Large size aggregations of RuO2, which are found frequently in nuclear waste borosilicate glass, were not seen in any of the iron phosphate glass samples.....
Nuclear Waste Transmutation
学術論文
...Photo-induced reaction cross section data are of importance for a variety of current or emerging applications, such as radiation shielding design and radiation transport analyses, calculations of absorbed dose in the human body during radiotherapy, physics and technology of fission reactors (influence of photo-reactions on neutron balance) and fusion reactors (plasma diagnostics and shielding), activation analyses, safeguards and inspection technologies, nuclear waste transmutation, medical isotope production and astrophysical applications.....
...CiADS (China initiative Accelerator Driven System) approved by Chinese government at 2016 aims to build the first ADS experimental facility to demonstrate the nuclear waste transmutation.....