原子炉 Nuclear Reactor

..., 900–1000 °C), which, in conjunction with large load from subsystems/ components made of special heavy alloys, renders the reactor under the risk of self-welding, a phenomenon that could lead to strong bonding between components and paralyze the operability of the nuclear reactor.....

...This insight into the role of spin in nuclear fission is not only important for the fundamental understanding and theoretical description of fission, but also has consequences for the γ-ray heating problem in nuclear reactors13,14, for the study of the structure of neutron-rich isotopes15,16, and for the synthesis and stability of super-heavy elements17,18.....

...Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a good machining method for nickel-base superalloy, which is a key material in aero-engine, rocket engine and nuclear reactor.....

...The development of advanced structural alloys with performance meeting the requirements of extreme environments in nuclear reactors has been long pursued.....

...The energy present in atomic nuclei can be harnessed either in an uncontrolled way in atomic bombs or in a controlled way in nuclear reactors.....

...Two LOHS experiments (LOHS-1 and LOHS-2) were conducted in a well dimensioned closed loop NC test facility designed to represent the primary system of a nuclear reactor.....

...Zirconium-based alloys used in nuclear reactors are susceptible to hydrogen pickup.....

...A Demonstration (DEMO) thermonuclear reactor is the next step after the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER).....

...There is an inevitable uncertainty in the coupled neutronic/thermal–hydraulic calculations, which are used for simulating the performance of nuclear reactors, due to the influence of design parameters and initial conditions.....

...Neutronics calculation for nuclear reactor with high-fidelity technology can significantly reduce the uncertainties propagated from numerical approximation error and model error.....

...Herndon’s thesis about the existence of a thermonuclear reactor in the Earth’s core.....

...Molten salt mixtures are integral part of highly important technological applications such as nuclear reactors.....

...This is because nuclear submarines are generally larger and are required to operate their nuclear reactors at all times, unlike diesel-electric submarines which are generally smaller and can run exclusively on batteries when submerged which generally requires fewer moving parts.....

...Coupling the polymer chemistries, release agents with different additives can yield a broad spectrum of peelable coatings finding applications in decontamination of nuclear reactors, optics, automotive, floor coatings, electronic protection, food coatings, cosmetics and labels for plastics.....

...Engineering materials for nuclear reactors exposed to high-dose irradiation breed various radiation damage, leading to performance degradation of materials, which seriously limits the application of materials in the future advanced nuclear reactors.....

...One of the most important safety parameters taken into consideration during the design and actual operation of a nuclear reactor is its control rods adjustment to reach criticality.....

...iodine-131 (131I) and iodine-129 (129I) are generated in considerable quantities in the nuclear fuel as fission products in the nuclear reactors.....

...It is a well-known fact that the physical processes taking place in nuclear reactors currently operating are addressed based on the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution.....

...Most of the neutron sources such as nuclear reactors and reaction based sources are considered as a mixed field of radiation where both of neutron and gamma particles are emitted directly from the source.....

...Despite of its advantages, the application of the DMD methodology to investigate the natural circulation in nuclear reactors are very scarce in literature.....

...A nuclear reactor has several systems that help keep it in normal operation, within safety margins.....

...This kind of design to reflood the fuel bundle is different than bottom and top spray reflooding practiced in PWR and BWR type of nuclear reactors.....

...Ensuring effective simulation accuracy is an important advance for accurately predicting the reliability of nuclear reactors.....

...Such liquids can be considered as promising applications in such areas as solar collectors, heat pipes, nuclear reactors, electronic cooling systems, automobile radiators, etc.....

...Zirconium is used as a structural material for use in aggressive environments, including the core of nuclear reactors.....

...The phase distribution in rod bundle channel was associated with the heat transfer coefficient, flow resistance and critical heat flux, which was of great significance for the design and safe operation of nuclear reactor and steam generator.....

...Clad ballooning, which is a plastic instability, results in sudden large deformation and thereby coolant flow blockage in case of transients in a nuclear reactor.....

...Because of their superior strength and corrosion resistance properties, metallic glasses can be used as structural materials in applications such as in nuclear reactors, marine vessels, etc.....

...The paper presents a novel approach to sensor position optimisation based on compressed sensing (CS) and its application to neutron flux estimation in a nuclear reactor.....

...Oxide-dispersion strengthened steels are promising materials for extreme service conditions including nuclear reactors core.....

...Using operational data of nuclear reactors, Ali Ahmad identifies how disruptions in nuclear power production have increased over the years with increasing temperature anomalies, and projects future loss of output.....

...Ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steels have been proposed as important candidates for structural materials of nuclear reactors due to their good mechanical properties and radiation resistance.....

...To explore the ability to indirectly detect and attribute various operations conducted at a nuclear reactor using waveform data, we investigated the seismic signals recorded near the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.....

...The article discusses the problem of the nuclear power system development in the variant of the coordinated use of fission reactors for energy production and hybrid thermonuclear reactors for production of artificial fuel from thorium raw materials for fission reactors.....

...Some components made of 316L stainless steel in nuclear reactors are connected by welding, and these are under giga-cycle fatigue loading.....

...The integrity of the fuel clad plays a pivotal role in the performance and safety of a nuclear reactor.....

...solar thermal conversion systems, HVAC systems, electronic equipment, heat exchangers, nuclear reactors have imparted greater role in reducing negative impacts of climate change.....

...Based on the earlier reported conceptions about the possibility to control the structure of liquid alloys by varying the heating temperature, we think that the use of optimized heat treatment of staring melts shows promise for stabilizing the properties of advanced liquid-metal coolants of nuclear reactors.....

...Decommissioning of Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) is now a pertinent energy-related matter since most of the nuclear reactors built during nuclear renaissance will soon reach the end of their operational life.....

...Mathematical models of thermal processes in the form of Cauchy in the state space with relative variables of the steam generator PGV-1000 of the power unit of a nuclear power plant with a nuclear reactor VVER-1000 have been developed for the using of models in information technology for optimizing the control of a steam generator.....

...The main goal of initiating the RDE design Program, beside developing the national capability as a nuclear reactor technology provider by mastering the design, construction project management, commissioning and operation of a nuclear power reactor, is to mastering nuclear power plant that to be able to be scaled-up and commercialized to support the national energy security.....

...To ensure the safety of a nuclear power plant on the basis of the requirements of norms and rules in the field of the use of atomic energy for pipelines of the primary circuit of a nuclear reactor, the design should apply the leak before break concept.....

...The ultimate barrier to prevent contamination of the environment due to a release of radioactivity from a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) is the reinforced concrete (RC) Reactor Building (RB) which encloses the nuclear reactor.....

...This paper establishes a nuclear power plant model and uses the nuclear reactor's available power operation history to calculate device source data.....

...Nuclear power is set as the highest priority to slow global warming, so the construction of a nuclear power plant (NPP) using nuclear reactors as a source of heat energy is initiated to produce pollution-free electricity.....

...Methods of mathematical modeling are widely used in the design of nuclear reactors; the study of the properties of materials, including their radiation resistance; the study of nuclear safety issues; and the design of nuclear power plants.....

...In order to study the thermal and hydraulic characteristics of nuclear reactors under ocean conditions and meet the urgent needs of the design of floating nuclear power plants, the crossflow and heat transfer characteristics of rod bundle with the spacer grid under rolling conditions are studied by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code.....

...BACKGROUND This cohort was established to evaluate whether 38-year radiation exposure (since the start of nuclear reactor operations) is related to cancer risk in residents near three near nuclear power plants (NPPs).....

...The method was successfully tested at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant and on the Research Nuclear Reactor of the Institute of Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.....

...Acquiring instrumentation signals generated from nuclear power plants (NPPs) is essential to maintain nuclear reactor integrity or to mitigate an abnormal state under normal operating conditions or severe accident circumstances.....

...Heat transfer can occur in the passive safety system of a nuclear reactor, which uses natural circulation as an initial driving force owing to its relatively low flow rate and strong heat flux condition.....

...Various passive safety systems have been developed for advanced nuclear reactors.....

...The multi-hole steam Direct Contact Condensation (DCC) is of high efficiency in mass and heat transfer, which has been widely used in the engineering application, especially the advanced nuclear reactor power plant passive safety system.....

...Passive safety systems in a nuclear reactor allow to simplify the overall plant design, beside improving economics and reliability, which are considered to be among the salient goals of advanced Generation IV reactors.....

...This study is expected to be one of the references to the design of a single-phase natural circulation loop as an advanced nuclear reactor passive safety system.....

...Results presented are from experimental testing conducted on a large-scale thermal hydraulic facility that examines heat removal performance of the Reactor Cavity Cooling System (RCCS) concept, a passive safety system for advanced nuclear reactors.....

...The reactor cavity cooling system (RCCS), a passive safety system in a very high temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactor (VHTR), incorporates rectangular riser channels to remove residual heat emitted from the reactor vessel, where turbulent mixed convection may occur under some emergency operation conditions.....

...Generation III+ type nuclear reactors have highly reliable active and passive safety systems with some inherent safety characteristics for attaining proper operating conditions, preventing any chance of accidents, or minimizing after-effects if any accident occurs to ensure that workers, the public and the environment are safe from undue radiation hazards.....

...Several nuclear reactor designs have adopted passive safety systems with condensation inside horizontal tubes, such as the Passive Auxiliary Feedwater System (PAFS) of the APR+, the new generation of the Korean-Standard Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR).....

...The most important ageing effect on the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) is radiationembrittlement, which is mainly caused by fast neutrons during operation lifetime of nuclear reactors.....

...Radiation damage to the steel material of reactor pressure vessels is a major threat to the nuclear reactor safety.....

...The emergency coolant cooling system (ECCS) is designed to inject coolant into reactor pressure vessel (RPV) during loss of coolant accidents, ensuring the sufficient coolant inventory in the nuclear reactor core.....

...The reactor pressure vessel (RPV) of a nuclear reactor is one of the key safety barriers preventing radioactive environmental releases during a severe accident.....

...The ultrahigh density of Mn-Ni-Si-Cu precipitates that form in irradiated reactor pressure vessels (RPV) result in hardening and embrittlement, which may limit the service life of aging nuclear reactors.....

...The hydraulic behavior of coolant flow in reactor pressure vessel plays an important role in the thermal hydraulic and safety analysis of nuclear reactor system.....

...Due to its excellent corrosion resistance in the environment of WWER type nuclear reactor primary circuit, it is applied as anticorrosive cladding of the reactor pressure vessel.....

...The characterization and modelling of the flow features in gas and heavy liquid metal two-phase flow are required for the development of next generation nuclear reactor systems.....

...The nucleate boiling regime and two-phase flow are greater importance to the safety analysis of nuclear reactors.....

...The numerical experiments are conducted for two-phase flows in a fuel bundle of a nuclear reactor.....

...Flow oscillation of two-phase flow has significant effect on the safety of relative industrial application, such as nuclear reactor.....

...Zirconium (Zr) alloy is a promising fuel cladding material used widely in nuclear reactors.....

...Due to low neutron absorption cross section, high mechanical strength, high thermal conductivity and good corrosion resistance in water and steam, Zirconium alloys are widely used as fuel cladding material in nuclear reactors.....

...Ti2AlC film can be used as a protective coating for fuel cladding materials and structural materials in nuclear reactors.....

...FeCrAl alloy is a promising accident tolerant fuel cladding material for next generation nuclear reactors.....

...Since the thermal neutron flux available for NR using above sources (in an enclosure based set up) is very low (104 n/cm2 s), the quality of the neutron images is less in comparison to NR images obtained from setups that use nuclear reactor as neutron source (107 n/cm2 s).....

...Semiconductor thermal neutron detectors are increasingly been used in in-core thermal neutron flux measurements in nuclear reactors.....

...This last characteristic has ensured that this detector is one of the best tools for thermal neutron flux measurements in a nuclear reactor control.....

...This paper presents the first application of VEM to the field of nuclear reactor physics, specifically to the steady-state, multigroup, neutron diffusion equation (NDE).....

...This research extends MATLAB PDE Toolbox to model nuclear reactors by solving the 2-D and 3-D multigroup neutron diffusion equations using the finite element method.....

...We describe in this work the application of the modified power method for solve the multigroup neutron diffusion eigenvalue problem in slab geometry considering two-dimensions for nuclear reactor global calculations.....

...The natural convection heat transfer within the enclosure is a classical problem by highlighting the real field applications such as electronic packaging industry, PCR-chips for DNA amplification, energy-efficient design of buildings rooms, operation and safety of nuclear reactors, convective heat transfer within boilers, furnaces and solar systems and thermal energy storage.....

...The study of flow dynamics in porous media or randomly packed beds is essential because these systems are commonly applied in a wide array of engineering applications, such as thermal energy storage, catalytic reactors for processing and distillation, oil recovery, fuel cells, and pebble bed nuclear reactor cores.....

...This work demonstrated a computational framework that can facilitate the screening of molten salts with different chemical compositions, impurities, and additives, and at different thermodynamic conditions suitable for the next-generation nuclear reactors and thermal energy storage facilities.....

...A fascinating mixture of molten UO2, nuclear fuel cladding, concrete, stainless steel and other nuclear reactor components, these materials behaved like lava, solidifying to form a complex, highly radioactive glass-ceramic.....

...The long-term safety of water-based nuclear reactors relies in part on the reliability of zirconium-based nuclear fuel cladding.....

...Zr-alloys are used as nuclear fuel cladding tubes in nuclear reactors.....

...Localized plastic deformation has been observed to render nuclear reactor components more susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC).....

...This paper provides a summary and analysis on the initiation of stress -corrosion cracking (SCC) of Alloy 600 (and related alloys) and stainless steels in nuclear reactor environments near 300 °C.....

...Nuclear reactor materials are known to be susceptible to hardening and embrittlement, irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking, and void swelling when exposed to high temperature radiation fields for long periods of time (Was and Andresen, 2012).....

...The multigroup neutron SPN equations, which are an approximation of the neutron transport equation, are used to model nuclear reactor cores.....

...Fractional neutron transport equation reflects the anomalous transport processes in nuclear reactor.....

...The neutron transport equation can be used to model the physics of the nuclear reactor core.....

...The lithium niobate used in an ultrasonic transducer for liquid metal fast nuclear reactors is prone to a reduction leading to a rapid short circuit of the sensor in operating conditions.....

...Fluid flows through rod bundles are observed in many nuclear applications, such as in the core of Gen IV liquid metal fast breeder nuclear reactors (LMFBR).....

...A high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) is a nuclear reactor that can supply high temperature heat energy of 750°C–950°C by using a spherical fuel coated with ceramics such as carbon and silicon carbide, inert helium gas as a coolant, and graphite as a moderator.....

...The FHR is a class of advanced nuclear reactors that combines the robust coated particle fuel form from high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, the direct reactor auxiliary cooling system passive decay removal of liquid-metal fast reactors, and the transparent, high-volumetric heat capacitance liquid-fluoride salt working fluids (e.....

...Our task was to develop an extension of the Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis (MULTIMOORA) for advanced nuclear reactor prioritization in developing countries.....

...The emergence of advanced nuclear reactor systems with increasing complexity and heterogeneity has necessitated detailed high fidelity neutronic analysis.....

...Various passive safety systems have been developed for advanced nuclear reactors.....

...In simulation of advanced nuclear reactors, requirements like high precision, high efficiency and convenient to multi-physics coupling are putting forward.....

...The multi-hole steam Direct Contact Condensation (DCC) is of high efficiency in mass and heat transfer, which has been widely used in the engineering application, especially the advanced nuclear reactor power plant passive safety system.....

...Swelling associated with the formation and growth of cavities is among the most damaging of radiation-induced degradation modes for structural materials in advanced nuclear reactor concepts.....

...Advanced nuclear reactor designs and advanced fuel types offer safety features that may reduce environmental consequences in an accident scenario when compared to conventional reactors and fuels.....

...Small modular and advanced nuclear reactors have been proposed as potential ways of dealing with the problems—specifically economic competitiveness, risk of accidents, link to proliferation and production of waste—confronting nuclear power technology.....

...These alloys are of interest for structural applications in advanced nuclear reactors.....

...The concept of entropy stabilized complex materials provides a novel direction for the design and engineering of breakthrough materials to be used in extreme environments and particularly in advanced nuclear reactors.....

...Molten lithium tetrafluoroberyllate (Li2BeF4) salt, also known as FLiBe, with a 2:1 mixture of LiF and BeF2 is being proposed as a coolant and solvent in advanced nuclear reactor designs, such as the molten salt reactor or the fluoride salt cooled high-temperature reactor.....

...Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors (SFR) are one of the advanced nuclear reactor concepts to be commercially applied for electricity production.....

...Several advanced nuclear reactor designs promise efficiency and safety improvements over the current reactor fleet but are limited by the current set of ASME code-qualified materials.....

...The desire for reducing our carbon footprint is driving significant interest in advanced nuclear reactors to produce energy.....

...Method The study was conducted in a full-scope control room research simulator of an advanced nuclear reactor.....

...Graphene-reinforced nickel matrix nanocomposites with high-density interfaces are recommended as candidate materials for advanced nuclear reactors because of the potential irradiation tolerance.....

...The attractive mechanical properties and superior resistance to void-swelling make ferritic/martensitic alloys a promising structural material for advanced nuclear reactors.....

...Oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) steel is one of the most prominent candidates as the fuel cladding or blanket component in advanced nuclear reactors.....

...The FHR is a class of advanced nuclear reactors that combines the robust coated particle fuel form from high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, the direct reactor auxiliary cooling system passive decay removal of liquid-metal fast reactors, and the transparent, high-volumetric heat capacitance liquid-fluoride salt working fluids (e.....

...High-entropy alloys with body-centered cubic (BCC) structures, especially refractory high-entropy alloys, are considered as promising materials for high-temperature applications in advanced nuclear reactors.....

...However, in most of the steam generator designs adopted in advanced nuclear reactors, the two-phase mixture flows upward within the vertically oriented helical coils.....

...This result sheds light on the design of radiation-tolerant materials for advanced nuclear reactor applications.....

...An advanced nuclear reactor Generation IV, called Molten Salt Reactor (MSR), has been developed with Thorium utilization for a sustainable energy system.....

...This study is expected to be one of the references to the design of a single-phase natural circulation loop as an advanced nuclear reactor passive safety system.....

...Both models were used to predict nuclear data for 233 U , a well-characterized isotope in literature, and 35 Cl , a less studied but important nuclide for some advanced nuclear reactors.....

...In order to close nuclear fuel cycle and address the problem of sustainability, advanced nuclear reactor systems of the fourth generation are in the focus of the research for many years.....

...%) ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steel is a candidate material for fuel cladding in advanced nuclear reactors.....

...Results presented are from experimental testing conducted on a large-scale thermal hydraulic facility that examines heat removal performance of the Reactor Cavity Cooling System (RCCS) concept, a passive safety system for advanced nuclear reactors.....

...Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steels are being developed for fuel claddings in advanced nuclear reactors.....

...In this article, a series of steam condensation experiments were performed on the outer surface of chrome-plated tube and polished tube under steam and steam–air mixed conditions to study their heat transfer characteristics and whether they could be used to optimize Passive Containment Cooling System in advanced nuclear reactors.....

...The large surface area to volume ratio enhances defect recombination supressing the defect density in the SiC NWs compared to the foils indicating high radiation tolerance; however, elemental segregation and precipitation may limit its application in advanced nuclear reactors.....

...Metallic fuels proposed for advanced nuclear reactors are found to be superior to other fuel types in terms of high thermal conductivity, proliferation resistance, excellent compatibility with the sodium coolant, and in some configurations inherent safety.....

...Advanced nuclear reactor concepts aim to use fuels that must withstand unprecedented temperature and radiation extremes.....

...High temperature-ultrafine precipitate strengthened (HT-UPS) steel has potential applications in advanced nuclear reactors as a structural material.....

...Several advanced nuclear reactor concepts have been proposed in the past few years where FLiBe molten salt represents a major constituent of the core.....

...The 2D/1D transport method is suffered from the stability issues, which affects the application in direct whole-core transport calculation for advanced nuclear reactors.....

...Yttrium hydride (YHx) is of interest as a high-temperature moderator material in advanced nuclear reactor systems because of its superior ability to retain hydrogen at elevated temperatures.....

...The fracture toughness values in LBE were found to be very low to support the selection of T91 material for the LBE cooled nuclear reactors.....

...The derived T-HP list includes consideration of experiments performed in Separate Effect Test (SET) and Integral Effect Test (IET) facilities relevant to reactor coolant system and containment of Water Cooled Nuclear Reactors (WCNR).....

...Quantification of oxidation kinetics is essential to develop graphitic materials for diverse applications: from refractories found in gas-cooled nuclear reactors to catalysts needed for chemical manufacturing.....

...The design of the dissimilar metal weld investigated here is aimed at applications in the steam generator of a sodium-cooled nuclear reactor, with a multi-decade lifespan in demanding operational conditions.....

...The inspiration for the proposal of these systems could stem from the gas, especially the CO2-cooled nuclear reactors operation.....

...Periodic assessment of steam generator tubes of a sodium-cooled nuclear reactor is very crucial for smooth operation of steam generators.....

...Due to the large latent heat of its working fluid during phase change heat transfer, HTHP has the advantages of high temperature uniformity, high working temperature and high intensity heat transfer capacity, which has broad application prospects in the field of HTHP cooled nuclear reactors and the thermal protection of hypersonic vehicles.....

...Nuclear reactor safety (NRS) and the branch accident analysis (AA) constitute proven technologies: these are based on, among the other things, long lasting research and operational experience in the area of water cooled nuclear reactors (WCNR).....

...The injection of water into core (core reflooding) is a key Accident Management strategy to prevent or mitigate core degradation in water-cooled nuclear reactors.....

...The pressure drop in fuel assemblies is one of the main characteristics of water-cooled nuclear reactors.....

...These results demonstrate the applicability of engineering methods for computational thermal striping calculations, enabling thermal striping estimations in large fluid systems such as the core of a liquid metal-cooled nuclear reactor.....

...The reactor cavity cooling system (RCCS), a passive safety system in a very high temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactor (VHTR), incorporates rectangular riser channels to remove residual heat emitted from the reactor vessel, where turbulent mixed convection may occur under some emergency operation conditions.....

...The Very High Temperature Reactor is a thermal, graphite moderated and helium cooled nuclear reactor.....

...We pay particular consideration to effects of grain boundary sliding during creep of Type 316 stainless steel, which is used extensively in structural components of the UK fleet of Advanced Gas Cooled Nuclear Reactors (AGRs).....

...The challenges and the lessons learned from both the experimental and numerical activities are presented to support the development of computational tools for the lead-cooled nuclear reactors and their safety assessment.....

...At supercritical temperature, water is a highly aggressive environment, and the corrosion of structural materials used in a supercritical water-cooled nuclear reactor (SCWR) is a critical problem.....

...The characterization and modelling of the flow features in gas and heavy liquid metal two-phase flow are required for the development of next generation nuclear reactor systems.....

...Obtained data strongly suggest that investigated material may be considered as a promising candidate for next-generation nuclear reactors, especially LFR-type, where high corrosion protection is one of the highest prerogatives to be met.....

...In view of the higher technical requirements of the third generation PWR for the control rod drive mechanism (CRDM), China's third generation nuclear reactor CRDM hook parts are designed to multi-tooth hook with wear-resistant surfacing.....

...Seaborg Technologies’ Compact Molten Salt Reactor (CMSR) is an advanced, next-generation nuclear reactor based on molten salt reactor technology which cannot melt down, explode or be used for producing nuclear weapons.....

...This work will enhance the understanding of irradiation induced microstructural evolution for uranium mononitride as an advanced nuclear fuel for the next-generation nuclear reactors.....

...This work demonstrated a computational framework that can facilitate the screening of molten salts with different chemical compositions, impurities, and additives, and at different thermodynamic conditions suitable for the next-generation nuclear reactors and thermal energy storage facilities.....

...Abstarct This work focuses on irradiation behaviors of a novel silicon carbide and carbon coated nanostructured ferritic alloy (SiC-C@NFA) composite for potential applications as a cladding and structural material for next generation nuclear reactors.....

...The natural circulation loops have been widely used in the design of next generation nuclear reactors and spent fuel storage facilities.....

...Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) is an optimized candidate of the next-generation nuclear reactor systems, while safety is a critical issue during its Research and Development (R&D) process.....

...Next generation nuclear reactors demand structural materials that withstand large irradiation doses at elevated temperatures.....

...FeCrAl alloy is a promising accident tolerant fuel cladding material for next generation nuclear reactors.....

...The main goal of the article is to summarize the results of many years of work on the creation of a unified methodology for designing new generation nuclear reactors that meet the requirements for generating electricity on a given scale, economic efficiency, inherent safety, and fuel supply.....

...The focus of nuclear scientists is to develop future generation nuclear reactors and predict the safe life cycle of existing nuclear structures, which are in use for a long time.....

...The ability of our model to individually quantify the effect of different irradiation-related defects on the thermal conductivity as a function of temperature, composition, and irradiation conditions offers both a powerful tool for quantitative semi-empirical modeling of thermal conductivity in irradiated metals and materials design insight for the control of thermal conductivity in metal alloys in applications experiencing irradiation, such as next-generation nuclear reactors.....

...The validation is based on experimental data held in a system reproducing various components of a pressurized water nuclear reactor, during a scenario of cold water injection at a low Atwood number of 0.....

...The prime mover for the development of the theory was the interest in the development of Supercritical Water nuclear Reactors (SCWRs) in the frame of research being developed worldwide; however, the theory is general and can be applied to any system involving fluids at a supercritical pressure.....

...The nonlinear nature of the pressurized light-water nuclear reactor (PWR) dynamics is a significant target for PSO.....

...The Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor (ESBWR) is a boiling water nuclear reactor of Generation III+.....

...SiC/SiC fiber composites are proposed cladding materials to improve the accident tolerance of commercial light water nuclear reactor fuel.....

...The dynamical rod worth method (DRWM) is a fast and accurate method to measure and validate the worth of control rod during the zero power physics test at pressure water nuclear reactors.....

...However, to design, develop and regulate new light water nuclear reactors there are, up until now, limited requirements for high fidelity methods due to the already well-established computational methods already being widely accepted.....

...This paper is primarily concerned with the development of three dimensional (3-D) multiphase computational fluid dynamics models for use in Pressurized Water Nuclear Reactor (PWR) design and analysis.....

...A dissimilar metal weldment consisting of SA508-309L-308L-304L is widely used in light-water nuclear reactors.....

...Steam condensation plays a key role in prediction of the pressure behavior and hydrogen distribution in the containment during a hypothetical loss-of-coolant accident or a severe accident in a light water nuclear reactor.....

...2 kg/year at a typical commercial CANDU heavy water nuclear reactor.....

...The design of Generation-IV nuclear reactors and the studies of advanced fuel cycles require high-precision nuclear data in the fast neutron energy region, one of the most important of which is n+235U reaction data.....

...The review paper starts with the applications of liquid metals and then concentrates on lead and lead–bismuth eutectic used in Gen IV nuclear reactors and accelerator-driven systems.....

...Alloy 800H is a high temperature and creep resistant alloy, and is considered as a candidate alloy for use in Generation IV nuclear reactor systems.....

...The nanostructured ferritic alloy 14YWT is a promising candidate for in-core use in generation IV nuclear reactors, due to a dense dispersion of insoluble, ultrafine-scale Y-Ti-O nano-oxides, which provide a high degree of irradiation tolerance and thermal stability.....

...The addressable harsh nuclear environment markets include Gen II, II+ and IV nuclear reactors, fusion reactors, and accelerator systems.....

...Therefore, this technology is suitable for power conversions in both high temperature non-nuclear and nuclear technologies, including the generation IV nuclear reactors [5].....

...One of the six selected concepts to be part of Generation IV nuclear reactors is the Supercritical Light Water Cooled Reactor.....

...As one of the Generation IV nuclear reactors, the SCWR (supercritical water-cooled reactor) has high economy and safety margin, good mechanical properties for its high thermal efficiency, and simplified structure design.....

...Uranium carbide (UC) is a candidate fuel material for future Generation IV nuclear reactors.....

...5Mo–Nb steel), a candidate structural alloy for Gen IV nuclear reactors, is expected to undergo microstructural evolution during long-term service at elevated temperatures, which in turn affects the mechanical behavior through changing contributions from precipitate and solute strengthening.....

...As a new type of heat exchanger, printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) with high compactness and efficiency can be used for the supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) Brayton power cycle in the Gen IV nuclear reactor systems to transfer great amount of heat from nuclear reactors.....

...Gas-cooled space nuclear reactor system usually utilizes the helium-xenon gas mixture as the working fluid.....

...The fast reset time of the safety rod is one of the important parameters for the drive design of space nuclear reactor.....

...Liquid droplet radiator (LDR) is the frameless space radiator designed for heat dissipation of large-power space nuclear reactors.....

...To safely and reliably perform tasks in space with a space nuclear reactor, the control technology of the space nuclear reactor is significant.....

...The development of the space vehicles puts forward higher requirements on the energy supply, and the megawatt gas-cooled space nuclear reactors are promising to satisfy the demand.....

...According to versatile and long-lasting requirements of deep space missions, space nuclear reactor (SNR) power system is becoming a more suitable choice compared to traditional solar and chemical power systems in large-scale and long-life applications.....

...Space nuclear reactor power (SNRP) using a gas-cooled reactor (GCR) and a closed Brayton cycle (CBC) is the ideal choice for future high-power space missions.....

...According to the versatility and durability requirements of the deep space missions, the space nuclear reactor (SNR) power system is becoming a more suitable choice compared with traditional solar and chemical power systems in the fields with the larger-scale and longer-life applications.....

...One dimensional space nuclear reactor system analysis code—SIMCODE is developed and five typical transient operation conditions are calculated, including the system startup, the loss of flow accident, the loss of heat sink accident, the reactivity insertion accident, and the small loss of coolant accident.....

...In pool-type nuclear reactors, a postulated fuel pin failure can result in the release of fission products into the coolant pool.....

...The data on the fracture of pressure tubes (PTs) of channel-type nuclear reactors (CANDU, Indian PHWR, and RBMK-1000) according to the delayed hydride cracking (DHC) mechanism are summarized.....

...As an example, in a horizontal-type nuclear reactor safety study, it is required to measure the sagging of the channels during a postulated accidental scenario analysis.....

...This paper is dedicated to an experimental program focused on the evaluation of microstructure and failure mechanisms of WWER 440 type nuclear reactor pressure vessel cladding made from Sv 08Kh19N10G2B stainless steel.....

...Study shows that TB30 steel is more suitable material to replace the cooling water inlet and outlet tubes of VVER type nuclear reactor.....

...The inertia tank (IT) used in the deep pool-type nuclear reactor (DPR) is a novel design to reduce the decrease rate of core flow in the early stage of loss of flow accident.....

...Generation III+ type nuclear reactors have highly reliable active and passive safety systems with some inherent safety characteristics for attaining proper operating conditions, preventing any chance of accidents, or minimizing after-effects if any accident occurs to ensure that workers, the public and the environment are safe from undue radiation hazards.....

...Due to its excellent corrosion resistance in the environment of WWER type nuclear reactor primary circuit, it is applied as anticorrosive cladding of the reactor pressure vessel.....

...The results of metrological studies of the field of the experimental channel of the research nuclear reactor OR (experimental base of the NRC “Kurchatov Institute”) with a capacity of 0.....

...In the case of gammas, the testing was realized for 60Co and neutron radiation was studied in the light water research nuclear reactor (LVR-15).....

...The paper considers structural changes in the concrete composition that occur under the influence of neutrons of the reactor spectrum, using the example of the IR-100 research nuclear reactor, taking into account its real time and operating conditions.....

...Content of Br and other chemical elements in the ash of poplar leaves was determined by the method of instrumental neutron activation analysis in the nuclear geochemical laboratory at the educational research nuclear reactor (IRT-T) at Tomsk Polytechnic University.....

...The results of development work on and safety validation of high-density, low-enriched fuel for research nuclear reactors of Russian design are presented.....

...A concept is presented for a pressurized, water-cooled, pool-type research nuclear reactor IVV-3 under consideration as a replacement capacity for the operating IVV-2M reactor.....

...The method was successfully tested at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant and on the Research Nuclear Reactor of the Institute of Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.....

...The features of design and current information support of operation of research nuclear reactor IVV-2M are described.....

...This analysis focuses on the repowering of a 460 MW supercritical coal-fired unit based on the Łagisza power plant design with high temperature small modular nuclear reactors based on the 320 MWth unit design by Kairos Power.....

...A one-dimensional thermal-hydraulic analysis code was developed for the conceptual design and sizing of once-through steam generators (OTSGs) with application to small modular nuclear reactors.....

...The design flexibility of small modular nuclear reactors in synergy with accident-tolerant fuels provides a longer time to react to the loss of active cooling under severe accidents and offers comparable fuel performance during normal operation.....

...domestic market for factory-manufactured small modular nuclear reactors (SMRs) being developed through the use of hybrid water-energy systems.....

...Small modular nuclear reactors (SMRs) could help with background supply, but storage can be facilitated by decarbonizing the transport sector then using electric vehicles plugged into an intelligent vehicle-to-grid network also helping balance electricity flows.....

...This chapter briefly describes activities related to small modular nuclear reactor research and development and deployment in Argentina.....

...The case study of energy storage systems coupled with a Small Modular nuclear Reactor (SMR) is quantitatively investigated in three scenarios: 1.....

...Recently, a concept of small modular nuclear reactor (SMR) coupled with an S-CO2 power cycle is proposed to target aggressively expanding SMR market.....

...Understanding the interactions of noble gases with metals is of fundamental importance for the design of radiation-resistant structural materials for fission and fusion nuclear reactors.....

...Sandwich-type cooling pipes of the first wall of future fusion nuclear reactors (i.....

...Understanding the interactions of noble gases with metals is of fundamental importance for the design of radiation-resistant structural materials for fission and fusion nuclear reactors.....

...Tungsten displays high strength in extreme temperature and radiation environments and is considered a promising plasma facing material for fusion nuclear reactors.....

...To our best knowledge, Y50 alloy presents the best helium bubble suppression ability among all studied ODS and nanostructured ferritic alloys (NFA), which makes it a promising candidate material for using in fission and fusion nuclear reactors.....

...Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) steels are candidate materials for both fission and fusion nuclear reactors.....

...The eutectic Pb-Li alloy is used as liquid breeding blanket material in the concept design of future fusion nuclear reactors where the effective extraction of generated tritium is an important unit operation of the fusion fuel cycle.....

...Variants of Np, Am, Cm incineration using a portion of the plutonium from VVER-1000, -1200 spent fuel in a high-power molten-salt nuclear reactor (MSR) with a cavity-type core and fuel salts with the compositions Li,Be,An/F and Li,Na,K,An/F are discussed.....

...In molten salt nuclear reactors, the structural materials in contact with the high temperature (above 600 ̊C) salt could also develop such heterogeneities.....

...Molten fluoride salts are used in various energy harvesting applications such as solar collectors and molten salt nuclear reactors (MSRs).....

...The modified quasi-chemical model in the quadruplet approximation has been implemented in the open-source equilibrium thermodynamics library Thermochimica, enabling single point equilibrium calculations and sophisticated multi-physics simulations of molten salt nuclear reactor systems.....

...The resurgence of the molten-salt nuclear reactors (MSRs) creates interesting problems in molten-salt chemistry.....

...Salt impurities directly affect degradation of structural materials in molten salt environments, so impurity quantification and analysis of salts is important for the deployment of next generation molten salt nuclear reactors.....

...Beside this, innovative nuclear reactors are advocated as solutions to the issues of nuclear waste production and proliferation threats.....

...The authors also discuss the conditions for the generation and development of new self-protection means for innovative nuclear reactors as well as the phenomenological and technical aspects for their implementation based on the deterministic formalism.....

...In the design of innovative nuclear reactors such as fast reactors, the improvement of the prediction accuracies for neutronics properties is an important task.....

...A good knowledge of the radiative capture cross section of 242Pu is required for innovative nuclear reactor studies, especially for MoX fuel reactors.....

...‎Many types of thorium-based fuels were applied in different nuclear reactors‎.....

...The use of different nuclear reactor systems as power source of deep-space explorers has been studied over the past decades as solar power cannot be expected in deep-space beyond Jupiter.....

...These hydrogen production technologies can be coupled with different nuclear reactors based on the heat required in the process.....

...The paper also presents the results of country-specific case studies considering different nuclear reactors and hydrogen technologies.....

...(4) Conclusions: the results show a much greater radioactive contamination of the environment in eastern Poland during the testing with nuclear weapons than after the Chernobyl nuclear reactor explosion.....

...Decommissioning of the damaged Chernobyl nuclear reactor Unit 4 is a top priority for the global community.....

...PLUTOPIA HAS been on my reading list for a while, but it moved to the top because of the controversy surrounding the author’s recent book, Manual for Survival, over the health effects consequent to the Chernobyl nuclear reactor accident in northern Ukraine in 1986.....

...Decommissioning of the damaged Chernobyl nuclear reactor Unit 4 is a top priority for the global community.....

...These data suggest that, although ultramafic to mafic igneous rocks of the Mesoarchean Belinga Group, and to some extent Archean granitoids, were likely important sources of V to the Francevillian U deposits, they were not the only source of the abnormally high V concentrations in the U deposits that did not produce natural nuclear reactors.....

...There is a need to clarify continental formation processes and the Oklo natural nuclear reactor happens to be in the exact position where such a natural phenomena needs to be to explain continental separation.....

...We present the results of a coordinated NAUTILUS and NanoSIMS isotopic study of epsilon (e) phase metallic aggregates from the Oklo natural nuclear reactor zone (RZ) 13.....

...Brazil is constructing with national technology two small nuclear reactors for propulsion and for radioisotope production with thermal power levels between 20 and 50 MW.....

...The marine nuclear power platform is an organic combination of small nuclear reactor and ship engineering technology.....

...A small nuclear reactor and a solar tower receiver are integrated in this multi-energy complementary system.....

...Understanding such degradation is important for predicting the evolution of material behavior under irradiation and extending the lifespan of existing nuclear reactors.....

...One of the promising solutions is to transmute the TRU nuclides to those with lesser radioactivity and radiotoxicity in the existing nuclear reactors.....

...As a case study, the Saugeen First Nation indigenous community in the Bruce Peninsula in Ontario, Canada, is selected for meeting the demands of useful commodities where an integration of a newly developed multigenerational system with an existing nuclear reactor is achieved in order to provide food security, supply the freshwater for drinking purposes, and meet the community's electricity and heat demands.....

...Lower power outputs of these reactors will likely result in higher costs in comparison to large nuclear reactors, and even if they achieve parity, will fail economically, since large reactors are themselves struggling to compete with renewable sources of electricity.....

...In this work, we addressed the inhomogeneity problem in gamma spectrometry caused by hot particles, which are dispersed into environment from large nuclear reactor accidents such as at Chernobyl and Fukushima.....

...Existing work on large nuclear reactor modularization is used to generate a module breakdown scheme for both small and large reactors and a module reconfiguration strategy is proposed that allows modules to fit within road transportable weight and dimension limits.....

...The study of flow dynamics in porous media or randomly packed beds is essential because these systems are commonly applied in a wide array of engineering applications, such as thermal energy storage, catalytic reactors for processing and distillation, oil recovery, fuel cells, and pebble bed nuclear reactor cores.....

...Using the RNG k-e model of turbulence in the approximation for porous media, a numerical study of fluid flow and heat transfer in a model of the core zone of a pebble-bed nuclear reactor was performed.....

...The high-temperature reactor (HTR)-type pebble bed nuclear reactors are considered to be used with the copper chlorine Cu-Cl hydrogen production cycle, bifacial photovoltaic (PV) plant, gas and steam turbines, greenhouse, fish farm and residential heating systems, and multi-effect water desalination in the integrated multigenerational system.....

...In the case of a severe accident involving nuclear reactors, an important aspect that should be considered is the leakage of molten material from the inside of the reactor into the environment.....

...The Generic Pressurized Water Reactor (GPWR) simulator has been used in the Nuclear I&C Laboratory at Khalifa University (KU) since 2013 to improve student performance in nuclear engineering that is a multidisciplinary field involving nuclear reactor physics, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, thermal hydraulics, radiation, etc.....

...ABSTRACT Because of the high radiation dose in applications involving nuclear reactors, medical treatments etc.....

...Pellet-Cladding Interaction (PCI) in a Light Water Reactor is one of the major concerns to guarantee clad integrity while attempting at increasing the flexibility of PWR nuclear reactor operations to follow power grid demand.....

...The methodology developed is applied to cases with one and six groups of delayed neutrons in abrupt reactivity changes in the reactor, and for the dynamics of startup of PWR nuclear reactor.....

...The Transient REActor Test facility (TREAT) is an air-cooled, graphite moderated nuclear reactor that is used for irradiation testing of nuclear fuels and materials.....

...Keyway root cracking and radiolytic weight loss in graphite moderated nuclear reactors may limit future successful operation of the civil nuclear fleet.....

...ATW is subcritical nuclear reactor combined with high power proton accelerator for transmutation of nuclear waste utilizing neutrons from spallation reaction due to collision of high power proton beam with heavy metal material as spallation target.....

...The second was a lid-driven cavity test, and the last was a neutron diffusion problem in a subcritical nuclear reactor with 11 parameters.....

...These experiments use hydrogen, helium, heavy ions, and their combination to simulate various radiation environments of future nuclear reactors or nuclear research facilities.....

...Oxide dispersion strengthened Fe-based steels are one of the candidate materials for applications in future nuclear reactors, an operation that needs superior mechanical properties and long-term microstructural stability at elevated temperatures.....

...This paper will discuss how to deal with the impact of volcanic ash on Kartini reactor and lesson learned for other operating nuclear reactors around the world.....

...To the best of our knowledge, we present for the first time, the temperature profile of an operating nuclear reactor core with 3-cm spatial resolution, enabled by distributed fiber sensors with laser-enhanced Rayleigh scattering profiles.....

...This research extends MATLAB PDE Toolbox to model nuclear reactors by solving the 2-D and 3-D multigroup neutron diffusion equations using the finite element method.....

...The multigroup neutron SPN equations, which are an approximation of the neutron transport equation, are used to model nuclear reactor cores.....

...The lithium niobate used in an ultrasonic transducer for liquid metal fast nuclear reactors is prone to a reduction leading to a rapid short circuit of the sensor in operating conditions.....

...In this regard, a summary is provided of the results from two international studies led by Max Salvatores in which the authors participated: (1) the expert group on Homogeneous versus Heterogeneous Recycling of Transuranics in Fast Nuclear Reactors, and (2) the expert group on Potential Benefits and Impacts of Advanced Nuclear Fuel Cycles with Actinide Partitioning and Transmutation.....

...Small scale nuclear reactors, such as Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) and Microreactors (MRs), are free from GHG emissions and are competitive candidates to replace fossil fuel-based generators.....

...Nuclear energy is emissions-free energy, and small-scale nuclear reactors like Microreactors (MRs) are competent to replace fossil fuel-based generators.....

...Three-dimensional (3-D) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis of a whole nuclear reactor core is a great challenge due to the large geometric volume and complex structures.....

...The uneven distribution of the axial power even endangers the safety and economy of the whole nuclear reactor.....

...These simulations can estimate the inventory of isotopes in neutron irradiated nuclear reactor fuel.....

...Welding repair of irradiated nuclear reactor materials such as austenitic stainless steels used for the reactor internals has been challenging due to irradiation generated helium in the material matrix over an extended period of time.....

...The Advanced Random Ray Code (ARRC) is a high performance computing application capable of high-fidelity simulations of full core nuclear reactor models.....

...Many in-core nuclear reactor components that are subjected to radiation damage and repeated thermal stresses are made from austenitic stainless steels.....

...The objective is to reduce the contribution of severe accidents to the large and early release frequencies of radioactive materials for a VVER-1000 nuclear reactor.....

...This paper reports the results on the predictions of behavior of AP-1000 nuclear reactorfuel rod under steady state operating condition by using FRAPCON-4.....

...In recent years, “Nanofluid” and “Energy-Efficient Cooling” have been achieved growing attention for use in new nuclear reactor technology.....

...Uncertainties estimation is essential for a sound assessment and a clear definition of safety margins, which in turn are crucial for licensing approval of new nuclear reactors by safety authorities.....

...The irradiation resistance of the material was assessed using a 300-keV Xe ion beam in situ within a transmission electron microscope up to 40 displacements per atom at 623 K: a condition that extrapolates the harmful environments of future fusion and fission nuclear reactors.....

...This characteristic gradually becomes more and more prominent along with the rapid development of fusion energy research in particular and operations of fission nuclear reactors as well.....

...There is an imperative need to understand this as long-term safe nuclear reactor operation is contingent on nuclear fuel efficiency, which is directly affected by localized thermal transport in these materials.....

...Critical heat flux (MDNBR) is one parameter for safe nuclear reactor operation.....

...The application of this element in liquid form at high temperature as a coolant in fast breeder nuclear reactors necessitated development of sodium technology.....

...Fluid flows through rod bundles are observed in many nuclear applications, such as in the core of Gen IV liquid metal fast breeder nuclear reactors (LMFBR).....

...Load-following control of a nuclear reactor core is very crucial.....

...The emergency coolant cooling system (ECCS) is designed to inject coolant into reactor pressure vessel (RPV) during loss of coolant accidents, ensuring the sufficient coolant inventory in the nuclear reactor core.....

...Reactivity-Initiated Accidents (RIA) in nuclear reactor cores are very complex multiphysic transients.....

...The study of flow dynamics in porous media or randomly packed beds is essential because these systems are commonly applied in a wide array of engineering applications, such as thermal energy storage, catalytic reactors for processing and distillation, oil recovery, fuel cells, and pebble bed nuclear reactor cores.....

...The power density of the nuclear reactor core is high.....

...In this paper, the turbulent flow in rod bundles with spacer grid and mixing vanes in nuclear reactor core was studied using spectral element method with large eddy simulation (LES) and unsteady RANS (URANS) method.....

...The nuclear reactor core and the steam generator are the core components of nuclear reactor system, which directly determine the heat releasing and carrying capacity of nuclear reactor system.....

...This design of combined propulsion system will focus more on CPS, to be used as a source of propellant for achieving higher specific impulse and thrust while in the atmosphere and in outer space with NTS and to provide more efficient cooling for Nuclear reactor core and the Nozzle.....

...Diffusion approximation is an important approximation used to model a nuclear reactor core with a quite good accuracy and less computational cost.....

...This paper reports on the development and testing of a comprehensive few-group cross section input uncertainty library for the NESTLE-C nodal diffusion-based nuclear reactor core simulator.....

...The nuclear reactor core is represented by an electrical heater with different values of power.....

...A 3D nuclear reactor core neutronic code, COCO, is used for the calculation of F ΔH value and reactor cycle length.....

...The multigroup neutron SPN equations, which are an approximation of the neutron transport equation, are used to model nuclear reactor cores.....

...However, the nuclear reactor core has a typical distributed parameters feature.....

...In this paper, a nonlinear mathematical model of the nuclear reactor core was derived in derivative form using fundamental principles.....

...Three-dimensional (3-D) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis of a whole nuclear reactor core is a great challenge due to the large geometric volume and complex structures.....

...MC simulations of full nuclear reactor cores are computationally expensive, making high-accuracy simulations impractical for most routine reactor analysis tasks because of their long time to solution.....

...It withstands temperatures as high as 1000 °C, opening the way to new application fields such as the temperature monitoring of the nuclear reactor cores.....

...Complex flow structure interactions and heat transfer processes take place in nuclear reactor cores.....

...Subcooled boiling pressure drop is an issue worthy of attention for heat exchange systems, such as nuclear reactor core.....

...The result is helpful for the practical implementation of the neutronic field reconstruction methods with reduced basis and limited observations in nuclear reactor cores.....

...The authors developed an artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm for the design and optimization of a nuclear reactor core based on a flexible geometry and demonstrated a 3× improvement in the selected performance metric: temperature peaking factor.....

...The prediction capabilities of CORCA-K/CORTH are proved by the analysis of the NEA-OECD rod ejection transient benchmark, which proves that the developed coupling system CORCA-K/CORTH has good accuracy in nuclear reactor core transient calculation.....

...We upscaled the local energy equation of a fuel pin and its surrounding liquid metal (cooler fluid) to the whole fuel assembly representing the entire nuclear reactor core.....

...The neutron transport equation can be used to model the physics of the nuclear reactor core.....

...The results obtained for ANGRA 2 nuclear reactor core during the postulated accident were satisfactory when compared with the FSAR-A2.....

...The thermal hydraulic conditions were calculated with the aid of the VIPRE subchannel code, which is a widely used tool in the analysis of nuclear reactor cores.....

...To the best of our knowledge, we present for the first time, the temperature profile of an operating nuclear reactor core with 3-cm spatial resolution, enabled by distributed fiber sensors with laser-enhanced Rayleigh scattering profiles.....

...To prevent the further release of highly contaminated water, which was used for cooling the overheated nuclear reactor cores, and groundwater, which was continuously pumped out the reactor buildings, a large number of tanks was installed in the area around NPP to collect all this water.....

...U material is component in fuels of nuclear reactor core.....

...The characterization and modelling of the flow features in gas and heavy liquid metal two-phase flow are required for the development of next generation nuclear reactor systems.....

...The emergence of advanced nuclear reactor systems with increasing complexity and heterogeneity has necessitated detailed high fidelity neutronic analysis.....

...Alloy 800H is a high temperature and creep resistant alloy, and is considered as a candidate alloy for use in Generation IV nuclear reactor systems.....

...Gas-cooled space nuclear reactor system usually utilizes the helium-xenon gas mixture as the working fluid.....

...Measurements of reactor physics quantities aimed at identifying the reactivity worth of materials, spectral ratios of cross-sections, and reactivity coefficients have ensured reactor physics codes can accurately predict nuclear reactor systems.....

...In the current nuclear reactor system analysis codes, the interfacial area concentration and void fraction are mainly obtained through empirical relations based on different flow regime maps.....

...The article “Thermal hydraulic considerations of nuclear reactor systems: Past, present and future challenges” written by Guan Heng Yeoh, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on 08 April 2019 without open access.....

...Furthermore, it assesses the influence of these advanced working fluids on parabolic trough solar collectors, nuclear reactor systems, and air conditioning and refrigeration systems.....

...The validation of system analysis codes for nuclear reactor systems is required for the development and application of these computational tools.....

...The use of different nuclear reactor systems as power source of deep-space explorers has been studied over the past decades as solar power cannot be expected in deep-space beyond Jupiter.....

...Thermal hydraulics, in certain components of nuclear reactor systems, involve complex flow scenarios, such as flows assisted by free jets and stratified flows leading to turbulent mixing and thermal fluctuations.....

...In the design of nuclear reactor systems, reliability is always a top consideration.....

...In this chapter, we provide a brief summary of the history of AI and the previous efforts on introducing AI to nuclear reactor systems in 1980s.....

...The modified quasi-chemical model in the quadruplet approximation has been implemented in the open-source equilibrium thermodynamics library Thermochimica, enabling single point equilibrium calculations and sophisticated multi-physics simulations of molten salt nuclear reactor systems.....

...Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) is an optimized candidate of the next-generation nuclear reactor systems, while safety is a critical issue during its Research and Development (R&D) process.....

...In order to close nuclear fuel cycle and address the problem of sustainability, advanced nuclear reactor systems of the fourth generation are in the focus of the research for many years.....

...The hydraulic behavior of coolant flow in reactor pressure vessel plays an important role in the thermal hydraulic and safety analysis of nuclear reactor system.....

...Yttrium hydride (YHx) is of interest as a high-temperature moderator material in advanced nuclear reactor systems because of its superior ability to retain hydrogen at elevated temperatures.....

...One dimensional space nuclear reactor system analysis code—SIMCODE is developed and five typical transient operation conditions are calculated, including the system startup, the loss of flow accident, the loss of heat sink accident, the reactivity insertion accident, and the small loss of coolant accident.....

...As a new type of heat exchanger, printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) with high compactness and efficiency can be used for the supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) Brayton power cycle in the Gen IV nuclear reactor systems to transfer great amount of heat from nuclear reactors.....

...The nuclear reactor system with supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO2) as working fluid has good prospects in generation IV reactors.....

...There is significant motivation to develop and deploy novel nuclear reactor designs to deliver improved performance, safety, and economics for nuclear energy.....

...Advanced nuclear reactor designs and advanced fuel types offer safety features that may reduce environmental consequences in an accident scenario when compared to conventional reactors and fuels.....

...A myriad of nuclear reactor designs are currently being considered for next-generation power production.....

...The Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) system, which features a fast-spectrum, sodium-cooled reactor and a closed fuel cycle for efficient management of actinides and conversion of fertile uranium, is rather prominent in the nuclear reactor design in Generation IV (Gen IV), and likely to be widespreadly used and well-constructed all over the world.....

...Molten lithium tetrafluoroberyllate (Li2BeF4) salt, also known as FLiBe, with a 2:1 mixture of LiF and BeF2 is being proposed as a coolant and solvent in advanced nuclear reactor designs, such as the molten salt reactor or the fluoride salt cooled high-temperature reactor.....

...Several advanced nuclear reactor designs promise efficiency and safety improvements over the current reactor fleet but are limited by the current set of ASME code-qualified materials.....

...The Heat exchanger is played a crucial role in the nuclear reactor design where the size compaction and efficiency improvement two issues that must be solved.....

...In the area of applications to nuclear reactor design and safety an emblem for this situation is exhibited by system computer codes: their new development began a quarter of a century ago and current predictive capabilities are not better than those available before.....

...Numerous efforts have been made to develop the irradiation hardening models, due to their important role in nuclear reactor design and service lifetime prediction.....

...Simulation codes allow one to reduce the high conservativism in nuclear reactor design improving the reliability and sustainability associated with nuclear power.....

...Although nuclear reactor design is recognized as an essential skill and intellectual output of academic nuclear engineering, little attention has been paid within the discipline to the structure of the reactor design process and factors influencing design outcomes.....

...Several nuclear reactor designs have adopted passive safety systems with condensation inside horizontal tubes, such as the Passive Auxiliary Feedwater System (PAFS) of the APR+, the new generation of the Korean-Standard Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR).....

...The simplified burnup chain is tested on the 16 LWR fuel assembly depletion problems from the Virtual Environment for Reactor Application (VERA) benchmarks, including burnable poison (BP) pin cells commonly used in nuclear reactor design such as gadolinia, Pyrex, AIC, B4C and IFBA, and one OPR-1000 fuel assembly with gadolinium bearing fuel depletion problem.....

...In many nuclear reactor physics texts (excluding Elmer Lewis’s recent text however), “Chapter 5” is dedicated to diffusion theory; hence, the title of this submission.....

...This paper presents the first application of VEM to the field of nuclear reactor physics, specifically to the steady-state, multigroup, neutron diffusion equation (NDE).....

...The standard multiplication eigenvalue that is particularly relevant for nuclear reactor physics applications is analysed, together with the time eigenvalue, including also the contribution of delayed neutrons.....

...For an optimal reactor core reloading design strategy, an intelligent technique GA is coupled with the Monte Carlo (MC) code SuperMC developed by the FDS team in China for nuclear reactor physics calculations.....

...The nuclear reactor physics verification benchmark test cases show that both AMR algorithms are superior to uniform refinement with respect to accuracy per degree of freedom.....

...The investigation of neutron noise is key to several applications in nuclear reactor physics, such as the detection of control rod or assembly vibrations and the diagnostic of coolant speed and void fraction.....

...The precise modeling of nuclear reactor physics is an essential topic of research that advances improve strategies, methods, and models.....

...These terms are major in nuclear reactor physics since the magnitude of energy dissipation in fission depends on the position and nature of interaction.....

...Massimo Salvatores has made significant contributions to the fields of nuclear reactor physics, nuclear data, and uncertainty quantification and propagation.....

...The Generic Pressurized Water Reactor (GPWR) simulator has been used in the Nuclear I&C Laboratory at Khalifa University (KU) since 2013 to improve student performance in nuclear engineering that is a multidisciplinary field involving nuclear reactor physics, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, thermal hydraulics, radiation, etc.....

...In this paper we examine such a case from the field of nuclear reactor physics, where the negative particle weights prevent the power iteration algorithm from converging on the sought fundamental eigenstate of the Boltzmann transport equation.....

...In this work, complex network theory is applied for the first time in the field of nuclear reactor physics to present a new approach for the evaluation of the multiplication factor of a nuclear system.....

...Radiation damage to the steel material of reactor pressure vessels is a major threat to the nuclear reactor safety.....

...A new test facility is presented, enabling single-phase isothermal fluid mechanics experiments to support nuclear reactor safety studies.....

...As an example, in a horizontal-type nuclear reactor safety study, it is required to measure the sagging of the channels during a postulated accidental scenario analysis.....

...Determination of minimum film boiling temperature (Tmin) is significant in the nuclear reactor safety analysis.....

...Nowadays, nuclear reactor safety simulations of real nuclear plants are still performed using approximated system codes which rely on one-dimensional lumped-parameters or subchannel methods.....

...Nuclear reactor safety (NRS) and the branch accident analysis (AA) constitute proven technologies: these are based on, among the other things, long lasting research and operational experience in the area of water cooled nuclear reactors (WCNR).....

...The final model is implemented in the EUROPLEXUS code for its use in nuclear reactor safety.....

...Therefore, the accurate knowledge of the Onset of Liquid Entrainment (OLE) is critical to nuclear reactor safety (NRS) assessment.....

...Previous publications inaccurately, unethically, and inappropriately assessed reactor safety with respect to other industries and natural disasters, where nuclear industry publications non-conservatively applied data to promote nuclear reactor safety, and published models skewed accident data to present nuclear energy as safer than it is.....

...The main objective of nuclear reactor safety is to maintain the nuclear fuel in a thermally safe condition with enough safety margins during normal operation and anticipated operational occurrences.....

...031) and more willing to assist with radiation detection or monitoring in the event of nuclear reactor accident (P = 0.....

...Hence neglecting the presence of atmospheric salts affects the accuracy of the source term estimates for a postulated nuclear reactor accident scenario.....

...The findings of this study demonstrate that an appropriate ARIMA model can be applied for radiation dose time-series in the case of nuclear reactor accidents like Chernobyl and Fukushima to predict the future air dose rates, which can provide valuable information in determining the evacuation zones, decontamination processes, and radiation protection progresses.....

...The common radionuclide 137Cs is a gamma-ray source term for nuclear reactor accidents, nuclear detonations, and potential radionuclide dispersal devices.....

...Several published studies dealt with the calculation of core inventory and source term for nuclear reactor accidents using different methodologies and assumptions or through the measurements of the environmental samples around the reactor site.....

...PLUTOPIA HAS been on my reading list for a while, but it moved to the top because of the controversy surrounding the author’s recent book, Manual for Survival, over the health effects consequent to the Chernobyl nuclear reactor accident in northern Ukraine in 1986.....

...The findings of this study demonstrate that an appropriate ARIMA model can be applied for radiation dose time-series in the case of nuclear reactor accidents like Chernobyl and Fukushima to predict the future air dose rates, which can provide valuable information in determining the evacuation zones, decontamination processes, and radiation protection progresses.....

...Sorption hypotheses and models are required for the prediction of 137Cs migration in soils contaminated after nuclear reactor accidents and nuclear weapons tests.....

...In this work, we addressed the inhomogeneity problem in gamma spectrometry caused by hot particles, which are dispersed into environment from large nuclear reactor accidents such as at Chernobyl and Fukushima.....

...Sorption hypotheses and models are required for the prediction of 137Cs migration in soils contaminated after nuclear reactor accidents and nuclear weapons tests.....

...Fabrication of nuclear reactor components using additive manufacturing (AM) methods is now a practical option since the AM technologies have advanced to allow for building of complex parts with high quality materials.....

...Due to the tough working environments, wear damage to nuclear reactor components is frequent.....

...A fascinating mixture of molten UO2, nuclear fuel cladding, concrete, stainless steel and other nuclear reactor components, these materials behaved like lava, solidifying to form a complex, highly radioactive glass-ceramic.....

...Localized plastic deformation has been observed to render nuclear reactor components more susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC).....

...Understanding and optimizing the relation between nuclear reactor components or physical phenomena allows us to improve the economics and safety of nuclear reactors, deliver new nuclear reactor designs, and educate nuclear staff.....

...The change in the temperature of the nuclear reactor components (fuel, moderator, coolant, and structural materials) is considered to be a significant source of reactivity variation.....

...Many in-core nuclear reactor components that are subjected to radiation damage and repeated thermal stresses are made from austenitic stainless steels.....

...Proposed advanced laser sensor and technology which allow to detect corrosion, mechanical stress and defects which can prevent nuclear fuel failure caused by mechanical and physical-chemical aspects of nuclear reactor components under high level nuclear radiation.....

...In the field of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), the reliable prediction of hydrogen distribution and pressure build-up in nuclear reactor containment after a severe reactor accident is a representative application where the assessment of these uncertainties is of essential importance.....

...Turbulent gas mixing in a buoyant flow with density gradient is an important physical mechanism in many applications ranging from industrial gaseous emissions into the atmosphere to nuclear reactor containment flows.....

...These advancements are crucial for successfully parallelizing such complex applications as simulating geophysical flows, solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs), structural analysis of nuclear reactor containment buildings, solving generalized eigenvalue problems, modeling of material science phenomena, and others.....

...To improve safety analysis technology for a nuclear reactor containment considering an interaction between a reactor coolant system (RCS) and containment, this study aims at an experimental investigation on the integrated simulation of the RCS and containment, with an integral effect test facility, ATLAS-CUBE.....

...Three cases were selected to be included in this chapter that represent different accidental conditions in three facilities, namely, radioactive waste disposal, dry spent fuel storage, and nuclear reactor containment.....

...In this paper, we discuss a CFD model to predict vapor condensation on walls in the presence of non-condensable gases, with a specific focus on large scale applications, such as accidental flows in a nuclear reactor containment.....

...There are several applications in nuclear industry like room fires, wildland fires, smoke or ash disposal, hydrogen transport in nuclear reactor containment, natural convection in building flows etc.....

...The new type composite slab has been widely used in nuclear reactor containment, offshore platform and oil storage tank.....

...Pellet-Cladding Interaction (PCI) in a Light Water Reactor is one of the major concerns to guarantee clad integrity while attempting at increasing the flexibility of PWR nuclear reactor operations to follow power grid demand.....

...The formation of hydrides, a result from excess hydrogen picked up by the cladding during nuclear reactor operation, can significantly impact cladding integrity.....

...Annealing under reducing atmosphere (Ar/H2 5 %) was performed at 1000 °C or 1600 °C, which corresponds respectively to a representative temperature during nuclear reactor operation (at the centre of the fuel pellets) and during an accident.....

...Nuclear fuel rods are an important component of nuclear reactor operation.....

...BACKGROUND This cohort was established to evaluate whether 38-year radiation exposure (since the start of nuclear reactor operations) is related to cancer risk in residents near three near nuclear power plants (NPPs).....

...There is an imperative need to understand this as long-term safe nuclear reactor operation is contingent on nuclear fuel efficiency, which is directly affected by localized thermal transport in these materials.....

...Critical heat flux (MDNBR) is one parameter for safe nuclear reactor operation.....

...Mixing vane grids (MVGs) are an integral part of nuclear reactor fuel assembly, and significantly impact the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the coolant in a rod bundle channel.....

...Nuclear reactor fuel assemblies are mainly composed of cylinders bundle(CB), calculating the dynamics characteristics of CB under axial flow can lay a foundation for predicting fretting wear and vibration fatigue.....

...Several high uranium density fuels are under consideration for deployment as accident tolerant and/or advanced technology nuclear reactor fuels, including UN, U3Si2, UC and UB2.....

...SiC/SiC fiber composites are proposed cladding materials to improve the accident tolerance of commercial light water nuclear reactor fuel.....

...These simulations can estimate the inventory of isotopes in neutron irradiated nuclear reactor fuel.....

...Selection of a perfect nuclear reactor fuel demands the neutronic analysis of the available fuel materials in particular reactor environment.....

...Following the Fukushima Daiichi accident, significant efforts from industry and the scientific community have been directed towards the development of alternative nuclear reactor fuels with enhanced accident tolerance.....

...Characterization of parallel flow through rod bundles is of key importance in assessing the performance and safety of several engineering systems, including a majority of nuclear reactor concepts.....

...Swelling associated with the formation and growth of cavities is among the most damaging of radiation-induced degradation modes for structural materials in advanced nuclear reactor concepts.....

...Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors (SFR) are one of the advanced nuclear reactor concepts to be commercially applied for electricity production.....

...Advanced nuclear reactor concepts aim to use fuels that must withstand unprecedented temperature and radiation extremes.....

...Several advanced nuclear reactor concepts have been proposed in the past few years where FLiBe molten salt represents a major constituent of the core.....

...High temperature thermal contact resistance is the research focus of many applications involving thermo-mechanical issues including spacecraft thermal protection, nuclear reactor cooling and heat treatment process.....

...The passive nuclear reactor cooling system has become a fascinating topic, especially since the nuclear incident in Fukushima Daiichi, Japan.....

...Many technical processes involving hydromagnetics flows and thermal expansion in the porous medium have been studied in recent years, such as casting, compact heat exchangers, liquid metal filtering, fusion control, and nuclear reactor cooling.....

...In this paper, we introduce classification models using data mining methods to improve the performance of a typical nuclear reactor cooling pump lubrication system process.....

...It can be used in various applications of heat exchangers like automobile radiator cooling, data centre cooling, nuclear reactor cooling, etc.....

...Recent studies showed that ZrO2-water nanofluid has a good prospect to be used in the nuclear reactor technology due to its low neutron absorption cross section.....

...All over the world, the nuclear reactor technology has been in the critical stage of transformation and upgrading.....

...The main goal of initiating the RDE design Program, beside developing the national capability as a nuclear reactor technology provider by mastering the design, construction project management, commissioning and operation of a nuclear power reactor, is to mastering nuclear power plant that to be able to be scaled-up and commercialized to support the national energy security.....

...In recent years, “Nanofluid” and “Energy-Efficient Cooling” have been achieved growing attention for use in new nuclear reactor technology.....

...SNCLFR-100 is a small modular natural circulation lead-cooled fast reactor, developed by University of Science and Technology of China, aiming at taking full advantage of the good economics and inherent safety of lead-cooled fast reactors to develop miniaturized, lightweight and multi-purpose special nuclear reactor technology.....

...The multi-hole steam Direct Contact Condensation (DCC) is of high efficiency in mass and heat transfer, which has been widely used in the engineering application, especially the advanced nuclear reactor power plant passive safety system.....

...This paper presents the Twisting control algorithm with a differentiator to extend the applicability of the second-order sliding-mode control scheme in a nuclear reactor power control and regulation.....

...The evaluated launch mass of designed power system has a competitive advantage than those of nuclear reactor power and photovoltaic-battery power systems.....

...Space nuclear reactor power (SNRP) using a gas-cooled reactor (GCR) and a closed Brayton cycle (CBC) is the ideal choice for future high-power space missions.....

...A comparative study of the seismic response in terms of acceleration floor response spectra (FRS), peak acceleration, displacement response of the nuclear reactor building, and dynamic response of the 3D-CIB was carried out.....

...Hence, four different combinations of CDSB were designed for the 3D-CIB and employed to isolate nuclear reactor building.....

...The objective of this study was to evaluate the 222Rn concentrations in the radiochemistry and radiometric laboratories in the nuclear reactor building of the Nuclear Reactor Center (CERPq) located in the Institute of Nuclear and Energy Research (IPEN), São Paulo, Brazil.....

...This chapter highlights how SSI can be applied to massive foundations, including nuclear reactor buildings.....

...This paper is dedicated to an experimental program focused on the evaluation of microstructure and failure mechanisms of WWER 440 type nuclear reactor pressure vessel cladding made from Sv 08Kh19N10G2B stainless steel.....

...Compact and radiation-tolerant radiation dosimeter without bias voltage application using solar cells such as CdTe was proposed for severe radiation environment near a nuclear reactor pressure vessel.....

...The typical operating temperatures of a nuclear reactor pressure vessel in a PWR are between 290°C and 300°C.....

...The method and program of measures developed to measure the intensity of radiation fields in the premises of the INR of NAS of Ukraine experimental installation and in adjacent territories in the generation modes of intense electron fluxes, bremsstrahlung gamma radiation and mixed gamma electron radiation fields similar to the conditions of nuclear reactor pressure zones are discussed.....

...In the article, an experimental testbench and a nuclear reactor model under investigation are described, the measurement methods are set forth, and the operating variables at which the study was conducted and the obtained results are provided.....

...The Advanced Random Ray Code (ARRC) is a high performance computing application capable of high-fidelity simulations of full core nuclear reactor models.....

...A nuclear reactor model is employed for demonstration.....

...Corresponding to a specified equilibrium power family, the nonlinear nuclear reactor model is described as the Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) form.....

...The prepared alloys can be considered useful candidates in radiation shielding applications to reduce workers' exposure in the nuclear reactor area and medical centers.....

...The prepared alloys can be considered useful candidates in radiation shielding applications to reduce workers' exposure in the nuclear reactor area and medical centers.....

...Functionally graded material (FGM) from Ti to Ni alloy has potential applications in extreme environment condition such as aerospace or nuclear reactor area.....

...Multi-dimensional coupling analysis is a research hot spot in nuclear reactor thermal hydraulic study and both the full-scale system transient response and local key three-dimensional thermal hydraulic phenomenon could be obtained simultaneously, which can achieve the balance between efficiency and accuracy in the numerical simulation of nuclear reactor.....

...The year 2020 marks the 40th anniversary of the first International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-hydraulics (NURETH-1).....

...Accurate simulation of reflood transients of a reactor core is one of the top priorities for nuclear reactor thermal–hydraulic and safety analysis.....

...(4) Conclusions: the results show a much greater radioactive contamination of the environment in eastern Poland during the testing with nuclear weapons than after the Chernobyl nuclear reactor explosion.....

...More people than ever before in history are living as refugees The first part of their article presents a general account of the experiences of refugees during the last five years during which Italy was rocked by political turbulence and the COVID-19 crisis Following their review of some of the psychoanalytic literature on the refugee experience, they report on a study they conducted with refugees of the Fukushima earthquake, tsunami and nuclear reactor explosion [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Psychoanalytic Inquiry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all s ).....

...Then with reference to a study of the refugees of the Fukushima earthquake, tsunami and nuclear reactor explosions, it discusses the societal traumas that drive people out of their homes.....

...Ti3SiC2 is a potential structural material for nuclear reactor applications.....

...We use molecular dynamics (MD) to study radiation-induced mixing through multi-metallic layered composites' interfaces for nuclear reactor applications.....

...This result sheds light on the design of radiation-tolerant materials for advanced nuclear reactor applications.....

...The wavy-tilt-dam (WTD) seal is considered to be one of the ideal sealing patterns used in nuclear reactor coolant pumps (RCPs).....

...Aiming at the problem that the average temperature control system of nuclear reactor coolant under variable conditions is nonlinear and time-varying, and the traditional fixed model cannot meet the control requirements, an improved generalized predictive control method with adaptive identification of model parameters is proposed.....

...The scope of nanomaterials can be seen in various engineering and industrial fields such as nuclear reactor coolants, heat exchangers, aircraft coolants, microreactor coolants, automobile radiators, solar collectors, etc.....

...This last characteristic has ensured that this detector is one of the best tools for thermal neutron flux measurements in a nuclear reactor control.....

...The HFE program main purpose is to ensure that human factor practices are incorporated into the plant design, emphasizing man-machine interface issues and design improvement of the nuclear reactor Control Centre.....

...This paper presents a new robust scheme for coupled physics nuclear reactor calculations.....

...High-fidelity nuclear reactor calculations have become increasingly important when considering lifetime extensions of the current nuclear fleet.....

...Decommissioning of the damaged Chernobyl nuclear reactor Unit 4 is a top priority for the global community.....

...Decommissioning of the damaged Chernobyl nuclear reactor Unit 4 is a top priority for the global community.....

...It is an open-source depletion software to be used for nuclear reactor simulations, for fissile material production analysis as well as for nuclear arms control applications.....

...In the two-step method for nuclear reactor simulation, lattice physics calculations are performed to compute homogenized cross-sections for a variety of burnups and lattice configurations.....

...This paper provides a summary and analysis on the initiation of stress -corrosion cracking (SCC) of Alloy 600 (and related alloys) and stainless steels in nuclear reactor environments near 300 °C.....

...Extreme nuclear reactor environments require materials to maintain their integrity all while a range of processes act in unison to degrade their performance.....

...Welding repair of irradiated nuclear reactor materials such as austenitic stainless steels used for the reactor internals has been challenging due to irradiation generated helium in the material matrix over an extended period of time.....

...Nuclear reactor materials are known to be susceptible to hardening and embrittlement, irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking, and void swelling when exposed to high temperature radiation fields for long periods of time (Was and Andresen, 2012).....

...A concept is presented for a pressurized, water-cooled, pool-type research nuclear reactor IVV-3 under consideration as a replacement capacity for the operating IVV-2M reactor.....

...The features of design and current information support of operation of research nuclear reactor IVV-2M are described.....