Background Process
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Introduction
Background processes are computer processes that run behind the scenes (that is, in the background) without user intervention. Common tasks for these processes include logging, system monitoring, scheduling, and user notification. Background processes are typically child processes created by a control process to handle computing tasks. After creation, the child process runs on its own, performing tasks independently of the controlling process and releasing the controlling process to perform its tasks. On Windows systems, a background process is any computer program that does not create a user interface. , or a Windows service. The former is started just like starting any other program via the Start menu, for example. Windows services, on the other hand, are started by the Service Control Manager. On Windows Vista and later they run in separate sessions. There is no limit to the amount of system resources that system services or background processes can use. In fact, the Windows Server family of Microsoft operating systems expects background processes to be major consumers of system resources. On Unix or Unix-like systems, background processes or jobs are further identified by different process group IDs. From the Terminal Group Identifier (TGID). (The TGID of a process is the process ID of the process group leader that opened the terminal (usually a login shell). The TGID identifies the controlling terminal of the process group.) This type of process cannot receive keyboard signals. It is attached to a parent terminal and normally does not send output to that terminal. This more technical definition does not distinguish whether a process can accept user intervention. Background processes are typically used for purposes that require few resources, but any process can run in the background, and such a process behaves like any other process, with the exceptions noted above.
Scholarly Articles
...The source of data for background processes has been the Ecoinvent database in 45% of the studies analyzed, whereas the SimaPro software has been the preferred LCA tool in 66% of such studies.....
...We simulate all the standard-model signal and background processes with the simulation tools almost as sophisticated as what experimentalists are using.....
...Fast and accurate predictions are essential to enable the best use of the precision measurements of these processes; they are used for parton density fits, for the extraction of fundamental parameters of the SM, and for the estimation of background processes in searches.....
...Background Processed meat intake may increase the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).....
...We calculated nucleotide and codon mutability to study the contribution of background processes in shaping the observed mutational spectrum in cancer.....
...2 (stat) for the background processes.....
...Consequently, the serialization, contention, and load of background processes may produce delays that compromise the operation of events such as transmitting a packet or completing a computation, possibly invalidating the performance evaluation of a network emulation.....
...Fast and accurate predictions are essential to enable the best use of the precision measurements of these processes; they are used for parton density fits, for the extraction of fundamental parameters of the SM, and for the estimation of background processes in searches.....
...2 (stat) for the background processes.....
...A daemon application is a background process or application that runs without user interaction.....
...A functional form is fitted to the dilepton invariant-mass distribution to model the contribution from background processes, and a generic signal shape is used to determine the significance of observed deviations from this background estimate.....
...Secondary data on background processes were mainly sourced from databases and literature.....
...A neural network based on kinematic variables differentiates between events from signal and background processes.....
...Results show that the natural gas (background processes of natural gas extraction, production and direct combustion) has a key role in all impacts category in this study.....
...However, occurrence locations and background processes of most human mobility events within cities are constrained by the road network space.....
...The analysis shows disparities even between turbines of similar power output, mostly explained by the service time, load factor and components weights but also by background processes (evolution of electricity mix and recycled steel content).....
...A powerful system of the passive and active shielding in combination with the fine spatial segmentation of the detector allows to diminish the contribution of the background processes to a level, negligible in comparison to the statistical error.....
...Background Processing speed is frequently reduced in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS).....
...Firstly, a framework of document image retrieval based on content description is given, based on median filter and direct-square equalization strategy, denoising and background processing of input document image are introduced, then density peak clustering (DPC) is used to classify image, and the convergence performance of DPC algorithm is improved by using dynamic truncation distance mode.....
...2$ (stat) for the background processes.....
...This includes running measurements with nested measurement loops where a data plot is continuously updated, as well as background processes for logging and control.....
...The discrimination between the signal Higgs boson production process and background processes, dominated by the production of top quark pairs, is performed with multivariate analysis techniques.....
...The analysis revealed that, although the number of carbon allocation studies over the past 10 years has substantially increased, some background processes are still insufficiently understood and some issues in models are frequently poorly represented, oversimplified or even omitted.....
...Each tuple is physically stored in the database operated by the background processes of the instance.....
...The background processes of the flavour changing neutral current (FCNC) processes, predicted by various new-physics models to occur in the presence of nuclei, are examined by computing the relevant nuclear matrix elements within the context of the quasi-particle RPA using realistic strong two-body forces.....
...The method proposed in this study can effectively achieve the accuracy of energy consumption data through background processing based on the existing ammeters in large public buildings.....
...This gives rise to significant privacy risks, especially as for many applications 3D mapping is a background process that the user might not be fully aware of.....
...We first present the strategy to reconstruct this process assuming a different source for background processes.....
...Background Processed seafood products are not readily identifiable based on physical characteristics, which leaves the industry vulnerable to high levels of product mislabelling (globally estimated at 5–30% mislabelled).....
...The smartphone application on an Android platform applies the location sensing run as a background process and the localization method is based on cell phones.....
...A functional form is fitted to the dilepton invariant-mass distribution to model the contribution from background processes, and a generic signal shape is used to determine the significance of observed deviations from this background estimate.....
...We calculated nucleotide and codon mutability to study the contribution of background processes in shaping the observed mutational spectrum in cancer.....
...Our proposed method focuses on the background process, and its scheme will increase the data availability and throughput by spreading it into nodes through a peer-to-peer connection.....
...It shows further results in the mixed case with periodic sensors and a background process.....
...It relies on continuously logging state updates to a remote storage service and periodically compacting the update-log via a background process.....
...Unlike previous schemes, our proposed test strategy runs as a background process and does not interfere with the normal operation of the chip i.....
...Focusing on the flavours of associated to each ISR jets, we show that the ISR jets in the ggI processes have distinctive features from background processes.....
...Daemon is a background process that updates the data present in the cache periodically.....
...The matrix element method (MEM) is a likelihood technique based on the leading order (LO) matrix element for the signal process and possibly one or more background processes.....
...The analysis is carried out considering four different center-of-mass energies of 500, 1000, 1500, and 3000 GeV including a realistic simulation of the detector response and the main sources of background processes.....
...It is much easy to set a job which depends on other jobs by inserting a row into a configuration table, and the job can be scanned and run by background processes which are designed by researchers.....
Windows services
In the Windows NT family of operating systems, Windows services are dedicated background processes. Windows services must conform to the interface rules and protocols of the Service Control Manager, the component responsible for managing Windows services. Windows services can be configured to start when the operating system starts and run in the background as long as Windows is running. Alternatively, it can be started manually or by an event. The Windows NT operating system includes numerous services that run in the context of three user accounts: system, network service, and local service. These Windows components are often associated with the Windows Service Host process (svchost.exe). Windows services run in the context of their own dedicated user account, so they can run even when no user is logged on. Prior to Windows Vista, a service installed as an "interactive service" could interact with the Windows desktop and display a graphical user interface. However, in Windows Vista, interactive services are deprecated and no longer work properly as a result of the Windows Services hardening. The three main means of managing Windows services are: Microsoft Management Console Services snap-in sc.exe Windows PowerShell
Daemon
A daemon is a type of background process designed to run continuously in the background, waiting for events to occur or conditions to be met. These processes typically perform tasks that use minimal system resources and require little or no input from the user. When started using the daemon facility, the daemon detaches from its parent terminal.
= Launch and resumption on Unix =
From the Unix command line, you can use the '&' operator to launch background processes. The bg utility can run in the background and resume interrupted jobs (sending SIGCONT). The fg utility reconnects the parent terminal on standard input and brings the parent terminal to the foreground. The Job utility lists all processes associated with the current terminal and can be used to bring background processes to the foreground. All processes, including background processes, are terminated by default when a login session ends, either through an explicit logout or a network disconnect. This is to prevent orphaned processes. Specifically, when a user terminates a running shell process, all jobs are sent a hangup signal (SIGHUP) as part of the shutdown, terminating all processes in the corresponding process group. To keep the process running, you can choose not to end the session, or to end the session without terminating the process. Terminal Multiplexer allows you to leave the session running and detach the virtual terminal from the session, leaving the process running as a child process of the session. The user can reconnect the session later. Alternatively, you can prevent termination by starting the process with the nohup command (telling the process to ignore SIGHUP) and then disowning it with the job ID. This can either remove the job from the job list entirely or simply prevent the SIGHUP from running. has been sent. In the latter case, when the session terminates, the child process is not terminated because it is not sent or ignores SIGHUP and becomes an orphan process, which is then adopted by the init process (the kernel sets up the init process). as the parent), which continues to run without sessions, now called daemons.
= Example =
In this example running on Unix, the sleep utility was launched in the background. Then the ps tool ran in the foreground and printed the text below. Both were fired from artillery shells.
Smartphones
Many newer versions of smartphone and PDA operating systems include the ability to start background processes. Due to hardware limitations, mobile operating system background processes are often limited to specific tasks or consumption levels. Android may limit the CPU usage of background processes to 5-10%. Applications on Apple's iOS are limited to a subset of functionality while running in the background. On both iOS and Android, background processes can be killed by the system if they use too much memory.
See also
Batch processing computer multitasking process group
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Dictionary
Definition & Meaning
Background
Noun
- a person's social heritage: previous experience or training the part of a scene (or picture information that is essential to understanding a situation or problem extraneous signals that can be confused with the phenomenon to be observed or measured relatively unimportant or inconspicuous accompanying situation the state of the environment in which a situation exists (computer science scenery hung at back of stage
Verb
- understate the importance or quality of
Process
Noun
- a particular course of action intended to achieve a result (psychology a writ issued by authority of law; usually compels the defendant's attendance in a civil suit; failure to appear results in a default judgment against the defendant a mental process that you are not directly aware of a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states
Verb
- subject to a process or treatment, with the aim of readying for some purpose, improving, or remedying a condition deal with in a routine way perform mathematical and logical operations on (data institute legal proceedings against; file a suit against march in a procession shape, form, or improve a material deliver a warrant or summons to someone
Quiz
What is the difference between a background process and a foreground process?
A background process is a computer process that runs in the background without user intervention. A foreground process, on the other hand, is a computer process that runs in the foreground, meaning that it is visible to the user and can be interacted with. For example, a web browser is a foreground process, as it is visible to the user and can be interacted with by the user. A background process, on the other hand, runs in the background and is not visible to the user.
What is the purpose of a background process?
Background processes are computer processes that run behind the scenes (that is, in the background) without user intervention. Common tasks for these processes include logging, system monitoring, scheduling, and user notification. Background processes are typically child processes created by a control process to handle computing tasks. After creation, the child process runs on its own, performing tasks independently of the controlling process and releasing the controlling process to perform its tasks. On Windows systems, a background process is any computer program that does not create a user interface. , or a Windows service.
What is the difference between a Windows service and a background process?
A Windows service is a computer program that runs continuously in the background, independent of user intervention. It is started by the Windows Service Control Manager (SCM) and runs in its own session. that does not create a user interface. It is started just like starting any other program via the Start menu, for example. The main difference between a Windows service and a background process is that a Windows service is started by the Service Control Manager (SCM) and runs in its own session.
What is the difference between a system service and a background process?
A system service and a background process are both types of computer processes that run in the background without user intervention. However, there are some key differences between the two. 1. A system service is a type of background process that is started by the Windows Service Control Manager (SCM). The SCM is responsible for starting, stopping, and managing system services. 2. A background process is any computer program that does not create a user interface, or a Windows service. The former is started just like starting any other program via the Start menu, for example.
What is the difference between a background process and a foreground process on Unix or Unix-like systems?
Background processes are computer processes that run behind the scenes (that is, in the background) without user intervention. Common tasks for these processes include logging, system monitoring, scheduling, and user notification. Background processes are typically child processes created by a control process to handle computing tasks. After creation, the child process runs on its own, performing tasks independently of the controlling process and releasing the controlling process to perform its tasks. On Windows systems, a background process is any computer program that does not create a user interface. , or a Windows service.