Transboundary Pollution(跨界污染)研究综述
Transboundary Pollution 跨界污染 - 5 by cluster analysis during burning season in urban sites and one rural site revealed mixed sources of aged aerosols from biomass burning, traffic and transboundary pollution, characterized by (NH4)2SO4 and KNO3. [1] The main reasons may include, among others, the poor implementation of lockdown (especially in the first week of April and the second fortnight of May), pre-existing pollution, transboundary pollution, incineration of solid waste, etc. [2] ) hazardous geological processes, in particular, the disturbance of land surface, which is the sign of the uncontrolled development of salt karst, flooding and could result in transboundary pollution of the Tysa River, etc. [3] Transboundary pollution has significant effects on Korea’s local PM2. [4] This is known as transboundary pollution. [5] 5 pollution, analysis of pollution causes and transboundary pollution, optimization and adjustment of industrial layouts, and differentiation of the temporal and spatial control of pollution. [6] The effect of transboundary pollution was significant during the winter season. [7] To evaluate the transboundary pollution of organic aerosols from Northeast Asia, a highly time-resolved measurement of organic compounds was performed in March 2019 at Oki Island located in Japan, which is a remote site and less affected by local anthropogenic sources. [8] In case of transboundary pollution this exerts in turn a positive feedback effect on the domestic environment. [9] Moreover, general equilibrium effects through changes in the foreign wage rate lead to a reduction in foreign emissions and, hence, to negative emissions leakage in case of transboundary pollution. [10] The viscosity of primary and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) has important implications for the processing of aqueous organic aerosol phases in the atmosphere, their involvement in climate forcing, and transboundary pollution. [11] We propose finite difference methods for solving two dimensional Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equations and systems arising from the modelling of transboundary pollution with emission permits trading. [12] , the marginal damage from transboundary pollution is the same as that from local pollution, the permit price under trade equals the domestic marginal damage from own emissions. [13] Whitford (2003), Pollution incidence and political jurisdiction: evidence from the TRI Alberto Ansuategi (2003), Economic growth and transboundary pollution in Europe: an empirical analysis John A List, Warren W. [14] In an analytical model of symmetric countries with mobile capital and local or transboundary pollution we investigate whether competition in emissions taxes (or emissions caps) and capital taxes leads to efficient outcomes when governments act strategically. [15] As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr likely originated from anthropogenic sources associated with long-range transport, transboundary pollution and local emission sources. [16] The elements for EIA and ABMT have the most pertinent application to the international management of transboundary pollution. [17] Transboundary pollution (e. [18] The impact of transboundary pollution in China was most significant in winter, in which the average PM2. [19] The 2016 Korea-United States Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) field study provides a unique opportunity to examine the impact of meteorology on the relative influence of local and transboundary pollution. [20] Moreover, general equilibrium effects through changes in the foreign wage rate lead to a reduction in foreign emissions and, hence, to negative emissions leakage in case of transboundary pollution. [21] 5 mass include the local emission, El Nino phenomenon, land, meteorological effects, monsoons, rainfall events, sea breeze, transboundary pollution and seasonal changes. [22] 5, the transboundary pollution is confirmed as the main origin of PM2. [23] Under capital tax competition, surprisingly, Ogawa and Wildasin (2009, American Economic Review, 99(4), 1206-1217) find that uncoordinated policymaking leads to a first-best outcome even in the presence of transboundary pollution. [24] The unique link between locations is transboundary pollution which is modelled as a PDE diffusion equation. [25] Overall, a number of factors such as relative humidity and type of season, transboundary pollution from neighboring countries, and human activities, such as industrial operations and vehicle use, affects the PM quality in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. [26] The global environmental crisis (characterized by declines in biodiversity, transboundary pollution, habitat degradation, and climate change) has inspired international environmental regimes, such as the Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), to establish large‐scale networks of marine protected areas (MPAs) in areas beyond national jurisdiction. [27]图 5 通过城市站点和一个农村站点燃烧季节的聚类分析揭示了来自生物质燃烧、交通和跨界污染的老化气溶胶的混合来源，以 (NH4)2SO4 和 KNO3 为特征。 [1] 主要原因可能包括封锁执行不力（特别是在四月的第一周和五月的第二个星期）、预先存在的污染、跨界污染、固体废物焚烧等。 [2] ) 危险的地质过程，特别是地表的扰动，这是盐溶、洪水失控发展的标志，可能导致泰萨河的跨界污染等。 [3] 跨界污染对韩国当地 PM2.5 影响显着。 [4] 这被称为跨界污染。 [5] 5污染、污染成因分析、跨界污染、产业布局优化调整、污染时空控制差异化。 [6] 跨界污染的影响在冬季是显着的。 [7] 为了评估东北亚有机气溶胶的跨界污染，2019 年 3 月在日本隐岐岛进行了有机化合物的高度时间分辨测量，该岛地处偏远，受当地人为来源的影响较小。 [8] 在跨界污染的情况下，这反过来又会对国内环境产生积极的反馈作用。 [9] 此外，通过外国工资率变化产生的一般均衡效应导致外国排放减少，因此在跨界污染的情况下导致负排放泄漏。 [10] 初级和次级有机气溶胶 (SOA) 的粘度对大气中水性有机气溶胶相的处理、它们对气候强迫和跨界污染的影响具有重要意义。 [11] 我们提出了有限差分方法来求解二维汉密尔顿-雅可比-贝尔曼 (HJB) 方程和系统，这些方程和系统源自通过排放许可交易对跨界污染建模。 [12] ，跨界污染的边际损害与本地污染的边际损害相同，贸易下的许可价格等于自身排放的国内边际损害。 [13] Whitford (2003)，污染发生率和政治管辖权：来自 TRI Alberto Ansuategi (2003) 的证据，欧洲的经济增长和跨界污染：实证分析 John A List, Warren W. [14] 在具有流动资本和地方或跨界污染的对称国家的分析模型中，我们调查了排放税（或排放上限）和资本税的竞争是否会在政府采取战略行动时产生有效的结果。 [15] As、Cd、Hg、Pb、Cu、Zn、Ni 和 Cr 可能来自与远距离迁移、跨界污染和当地排放源相关的人为来源。 [16] EIA 和 ABMT 的要素在跨界污染的国际管理中具有最相关的应用。 [17] 跨界污染（例如 [18] 中国跨界污染的影响在冬季最为显着，其中平均 PM2. [19] 2016 年韩国-美国空气质量 (KORUS-AQ) 实地研究提供了一个独特的机会来检查气象对当地和跨界污染的相对影响的影响。 [20] 此外，通过外国工资率变化产生的一般均衡效应导致外国排放减少，因此在跨界污染的情况下导致负排放泄漏。 [21] 5 质量包括局地排放、厄尔尼诺现象、陆地、气象影响、季风、降雨事件、海风、跨界污染和季节变化。 [22] 5、跨境污染被确认为PM2.5的主要来源。 [23] 在资本税竞争下，令人惊讶的是，Ogawa 和 Wildasin (2009, American Economic Review, 99(4), 1206-1217) 发现，即使存在跨界污染，不协调的决策也会导致最佳结果。 [24] 地点之间的独特联系是跨界污染，它被建模为 PDE 扩散方程。 [25] 总体而言，相对湿度和季节类型、来自邻国的跨界污染以及工业运营和车辆使用等人类活动等诸多因素都会影响台湾高雄市的 PM 质量。 [26] 全球环境危机（以生物多样性下降、跨界污染、栖息地退化和气候变化为特征）激发了国际环境制度，如《南极海洋生物资源保护公约》（CCAMLR），建立大规模的国家管辖范围以外区域的海洋保护区 (MPA)。 [27]
Multiregional Transboundary Pollution
We analyze a differential game with spatially distributed controls to study a multiregional transboundary pollution problem. [1] We analyze a differential game with spatially distributed controls to study a multiregional transboundary pollution problem. [2]我们分析了具有空间分布控制的微分博弈，以研究多区域跨界污染问题。 [1] 我们分析了具有空间分布控制的微分博弈，以研究多区域跨界污染问题。 [2]
transboundary pollution control 跨界污染控制
This paper studies a Stackelberg differential game between an upstream region and a downstream region for transboundary pollution control and ecological compensation in a river basin and increases the number of pollutants assumed in the model to multiple. [1] Transboundary pollution control usually requires the cooperation of neighboring countries due to the externality of pollution. [2] We analyze a transboundary pollution control problem in a heterogeneous two-country differential game setting in which regulators care for the implications of environmental policies on the competitiveness. [3] For our theoretical analysis, we examine a non-cooperative transboundary pollution control game between a less developed country (LDC) and a more developed country (MDC), and find that a higher level of environmental awareness by the government and citizens of the LDC has comprehensively beneficial effects on environmental policy and regional environmental quality. [4] To account for previously ignored, yet widely observed uncertainty in nature's capability to replenish the natural environment in ways that should inform ideal design of ecological compensation (EC) regimes, this study constructs a stochastic differential game (SDG) model to analyze transboundary pollution control options between a compensating and compensated region. [5] We analyze a transboundary pollution control problem in a heterogeneous two-country differential game in which each country’s regulator cares for the implications of environmental policy on its compet- itiveness. [6]本文研究了流域跨界污染控制和生态补偿的上游区域和下游区域之间的 Stackelberg 差异博弈，并将模型中假设的污染物数量增加到多个。 [1] 由于污染的外部性，跨境污染控制通常需要邻国的合作。 [2] 我们分析了异质的两国差异博弈环境中的跨界污染控制问题，其中监管机构关心环境政策对竞争力的影响。 [3] 对于我们的理论分析，我们考察了欠发达国家 (LDC) 和较发达国家 (MDC) 之间的非合作跨界污染控制博弈，并发现最不发达国家政府和公民的更高水平的环境意识已经对环境政策和区域环境质量产生综合效益。 [4] 为了解释以前被忽视但被广泛观察到的自然界补充自然环境能力的不确定性，这些不确定性应该为生态补偿 (EC) 制度的理想设计提供依据，本研究构建了一个随机微分博弈 (SDG) 模型来分析跨界污染控制选项在补偿区和补偿区之间。 [5] 我们在异质的两国差异博弈中分析了跨界污染控制问题，其中每个国家的监管机构都关心环境政策对其竞争力的影响。 [6]
transboundary pollution problem 跨界污染问题
We analyze a differential game with spatially distributed controls to study a multiregional transboundary pollution problem. [1] In this paper, a new method for pollution load control was proposed to solve the transboundary pollution problem in plain river network. [2] We analyze a differential game with spatially distributed controls to study a multiregional transboundary pollution problem. [3] More research on less than ideal transfer schemes and collective decision making rules is necessary to bridge the gap between theoretical models and the reality of international negotiations on transboundary pollution problems. [4] There is now a growing consensus that ratifying International Environmental Agreements (IEAs) is the most effective way to tackle transboundary pollution problems. [5]我们分析了具有空间分布控制的微分博弈，以研究多区域跨界污染问题。 [1] 针对平原河网跨界污染问题，提出了一种新的污染负荷控制方法。 [2] 我们分析了具有空间分布控制的微分博弈，以研究多区域跨界污染问题。 [3] 有必要对不太理想的转移方案和集体决策规则进行更多研究，以弥合跨界污染问题的理论模型与国际谈判现实之间的差距。 [4] 现在越来越多的共识是，批准国际环境协定 (IEA) 是解决跨界污染问题的最有效方式。 [5]
transboundary pollution often
Transboundary pollution often affects natural resources in downstream countries. [1] The literature dedicated to the problems of transboundary pollution often aims to verify what the environmental and energy interactions between countries are. [2]跨界污染经常影响下游国家的自然资源。 [1] 致力于跨界污染问题的文献通常旨在验证国家之间的环境和能源相互作用。 [2]
transboundary pollution taxe
While under local or no pollution countries achieve the first-best, under transboundary pollution taxes are inefficiently low and lower than under autarky where only the “standard” free-riding incentive distorts emissions taxes. [1] While under local or no pollution countries achieve the first-best, under transboundary pollution taxes are inefficiently low and lower than under autarky where only the ‘standard’ free-riding incentive distorts emissions taxes. [2]虽然在本地污染或无污染的情况下，国家实现了最好的，但在跨界污染税下，效率低下且低于自给自足的情况下，只有“标准”搭便车激励扭曲了排放税。 [1] 虽然在本地污染或无污染的情况下，国家实现了最好的，但在跨界污染税下效率低下且低于自给自足的情况下，只有“标准”搭便车激励扭曲了排放税。 [2]