Situ Xps(原位Xps)研究综述
Situ Xps 原位Xps - Meanwhile, the co-intercalation mechanism of hybrid Na+ and Zn2+ in the cathode is elucidated by cyclic voltammogram, ex-situ XRD, ex-situ XPS and Rietveld refinement analysis. [1] The latter have been identified with in situ XPS. [2] Based on various characterization results, including in-situ synchrotron XANES and EXAFS, in situ XPS, operando DRIFTS, as well as 27Al MAS NMR, the stable Pt species with high electron density on Pt@HZSM-5 avoids the deep dehydrogenation of ethane to form coke, and the surrounding environment of Pt active phase, including newly formed HZSM-5 frameworks and its acidity, contributes to suppressing the aromatization of the formed ethylene. [3] Besides, the in-situ XRD and ex-situ XPS/HRTEM results first elucidate the highly reversible potassium-storage mechanism of Fe7 S8. [4] According to in situ XPS, TPR, and DRIFT spectroscopy with CO adsorption, the modification of Ni/Al 2 O 3 with the HPA leads to a further change in the acidic properties and the coordination of nickel nitrate during impregnation and an increase in nickel reducibility; it prevents nickel from migration from the surface into the bulk of the sample and leads to the formation of new active sites owing to the strong nickel–tungsten interaction in the HPA. [5] The structure-activity correlation studies based on quasi-in situ XPS, in situ DRIFTS, in situ and operando EXAFS reveal that the interfacial sites (Cuδ+−Ov−Ti3+) serve as the intrinsic active sites of WGS reaction. [6] Herein, we introduced Cu into Ni catalysts, which were evaluated by H 2 -TPR, XRD, BET, in-situ XPS and CO 2 -TPD, and their CO 2 hydrogenation activity and CO selectivity were significantly affected by the Ni/Cu ratios, which was rationalized by the synergistic effect of bimetallic catalysts. [7] The reasons for the variation of the SEYs with gas adsorption, sputtering and heating are preliminarily explained with the help of in-situ XPS. [8] Based on the characterization results, including in situ XPS and CO-DRIFTS as well as Mossbauer spectra, it is found that the electronic state of iron atoms is affected by the existence of SiO2 or Al2O3, and the interactions of Fe-Si or Fe-Al are formed on the surface of iron powder, which plays an important role in formation of C-rich iron carbide active phase (e-Fe2C). [9] Ex-situ XRD, ex-situ XPS, and SEM tests demonstrate that the hybrid electrolyte can inhibit the formation of the irreversible Zn3(OH)2V2O7·2H2O by-product and restrict Zn dendrite growth during cycling, thereby improving the cycle performance of the batteries. [10] Furthermore, chemical, mechanical and structural integrity of the MnCr2O4/Graphene (MCO/G) composite anode have been validated using series of post-mortem analyses such as ex-situ XPS, XRD and HR-TEM. [11] Quasi in-situ XPS and HS-LEIS results, as well as CO-DRIFTS, reveal that the relative ratio and dispersion of Cu+ on the surface increase after treating with the reaction gas. [12] The influential mechanisms of oxygen on the thermal decomposition process were explored via a series of in-situ characterization techniques including in-situ DRIFTS, in-situ XPS, Raman, and TG-MS. [13] We have used quasi in situ XPS to resolve the binding states of PCM materials, starting from elementary materials (Ge, Sb, Te) and their nitrides (GeN, SbN, TeN), then addressing binaries (GeTe, SbTe, GeSb) and related nitrides (GeTeN, SbTeN, GeSbN), in order to finally characterize GST and N-doped GST with various stoichiometry. [14] Especially, the charge transport between O1− and O2− was confirmed by in-situ XPS. [15] Significantly, the results from in situ XPS and Mossbauer spectroscopy further evidence that promotion of the electron transfer from MnO2 to Fe2O3 facilitated the formation of C-poor θ-Fe3C, contributing to enrich the reactivity for the syngas to light olefins. [16] Additionally, an important hydroxyl ions formation process of OC is confirmed by an in-situ XPS. [17] In addition, the lithium/sodium storage behavior was analyzed by CV kinetic analysis, ex-situ XPS and Raman tests. [18] The sodium ion storage mechanism and diffusion mechanism are investigated by ex-situ XRD and ex-situ XPS, with the aid of first principle calculations. [19] Furthermore, the sodium storage mechanism of FeBO3 was studied by in-situ XRD and ex-situ XPS. [20] In-situ XPS and DRIFT spectroscopy studies showed that the active species for the disproportionation of the alcohol into ethane and aldehyde was the reduced V3+ ion; nevertheless, the Fe in the FeVO4 catalysts was responsible for directing the reduction of metals toward the formation of a Fe-V-O spinel phase which was homogeneous and more stable than V2O5. [21] In-situ XPS was used to investigate elemental compositions of the mask surface. [22] As revealed by in situ XRD, H2-TPR, in situ XPS, HAADF-STEM and in situ DRIFT spectra techniques, a strong electronic and geometric interaction between Cu and Mn species in optimized CuCoMn catalyst modified the chemical states of Cu species to present a higher proportion of surface Cu+/(Cu0 + Cu+) and, especially, enhanced the linear CO adsorption on Cu+ active sites, which provided a higher probability of CO insertion, and eventually contributed to promotion of catalytic performance. [23] A variety of catalysts based on different supports including mesoporous SiO2, activated carbon (AC), carbon nanofibers (CNFs), and bulk WO3 were compared and examined by N2 physisorption, H2 chemisorption, XRD, TEM, ICP, H2-TPR, in-situ/ex-situ XPS, NH3-TPD, and Raman spectra. [24] , magnet-based characterization, PXRD, and combined XAS/DRIFTS, as well as quasi in situ XPS, respectively. [25] The effect of preparation methods of silica supported copper catalysts on the structure and performance was investigated by means of ICP, N2 physisorption, ex-situ/in-situ XRD, in-situ XPS, FT-IR, H2-TPR, TEM, N2O titration, TG as well as furfural hydrogenation. [26] Here, we studied the electrochemical oxidation of Pt nanoparticles using in situ XPS. [27] To estimate the effect of Pt and Ni addition on the catalytic properties of WTi, the PtWTi and NiWTi catalyst composites were investigated by in situ XPS, ex-situ BET and XRD, and the obtained results were compared with those obtained for unpromoted WTi. [28] The Ga-LLZO solid electrolyte/LiFePO4 cathode interphase was also studied by in situ XPS under UHV. [29] The physical and chemical properties of these catalysts were characterized by H2-TPR, XRD, BET, TEM, ICP, and in-situ XPS. [30] The composition of the SEI layer on Si/MC electrodes, cycled with and without VC-containing electrolytes for several cycles, was then comprehensively investigated by using ex-situ XPS. [31] TGA, high-temperature XRD (HT-XRD) and quasi in situ XPS were applied to estimate the reconfiguration of gaseous oxygen on the surface of MnO2-based catalysts. [32] Conversion mechanism of the Mn 3 O 4 @C anode has been investigated by ex-situ XPS. [33] The surface features from in-situ XPS had also suggested formation of reduced copper species, which was much lower for the higher Cu-doped samples. [34] Complementary characterization techniques, such as nitrogen sorption, XRD, H2-TPR, H2-TPD, CO-TPD, CO-DRIFTS, and in situ XPS, were used to correlate surface structure and functionality to catalytic performance of potassium (K) doped catalysts. [35]同时，通过循环伏安图、ex-situ XRD、ex-situ XPS和Rietveld细化分析阐明了杂化Na+和Zn2+在正极中的共插层机理。 [1] 后者已被鉴定为原位 XPS。 [2] 基于各种表征结果，包括原位同步加速器 XANES 和 EXAFS、原位 XPS、操作 DRIFTS 以及 27Al MAS NMR，Pt@HZSM-5 上具有高电子密度的稳定 Pt 物质避免了乙烷的深度脱氢形成焦炭，Pt 活性相的周围环境，包括新形成的 HZSM-5 骨架及其酸度，有助于抑制形成的乙烯的芳构化。 [3] 此外，原位XRD和异位XPS/HRTEM结果首次阐明了Fe7 S8高度可逆的储钾机制。 [4] 根据原位 XPS、TPR 和带有 CO 吸附的 DRIFT 光谱，用 HPA 改性 Ni/Al 2 O 3 会导致浸渍过程中硝酸镍的酸性和配位进一步变化，并提高镍的还原性;它可以防止镍从表面迁移到样品的主体中，并由于 HPA 中强烈的镍-钨相互作用而导致形成新的活性位点。 [5] 基于准原位 XPS、原位 DRIFTS、原位和操作 EXAFS 的构效相关性研究表明，界面位点（Cuδ+-Ov-Ti3+）是 WGS 反应的内在活性位点。 [6] 在此，我们将Cu引入Ni催化剂中，并通过H 2 -TPR、XRD、BET、原位XPS和CO 2 -TPD对其进行评价，发现它们的CO 2 加氢活性和CO选择性受Ni/Cu比的显着影响。 ，这是通过双金属催化剂的协同作用合理化的。 [7] 借助原位XPS，初步解释了SEYs随气体吸附、溅射和加热变化的原因。 [8] 基于原位 XPS 和 CO-DRIFTS 以及 Mossbauer 光谱等表征结果，发现铁原子的电子态受 SiO2 或 Al2O3 的存在以及 Fe-Si 或 Fe- Al在铁粉表面形成，在富C碳化铁活性相（e-Fe2C）的形成中起重要作用。 [9] 异位 XRD、异位 XPS 和 SEM 测试表明，混合电解质可以抑制不可逆副产物 Zn3(OH)2V2O7·2H2O 的形成，限制循环过程中 Zn 枝晶的生长，从而提高电池的循环性能。电池。 [10] 此外，MnCr2O4/石墨烯 (MCO/G) 复合阳极的化学、机械和结构完整性已通过一系列事后分析（如异位 XPS、XRD 和 HR-TEM）进行了验证。 [11] 准原位 XPS 和 HS-LEIS 结果以及 CO-DRIFTS 表明，在用反应气体处理后，Cu+ 在表面上的相对比例和分散度增加。 [12] 通过原位 DRIFTS、原位 XPS、拉曼和 TG-MS 等一系列原位表征技术探索了氧气对热分解过程的影响机制。 [13] 我们使用准原位 XPS 来解析 PCM 材料的结合态，从基本材料（Ge、Sb、Te）和它们的氮化物（GeN、SbN、TeN）开始，然后解决二进制（GeTe、SbTe、GeSb）和相关氮化物（GeTeN、SbTeN、GeSbN），以便最终以各种化学计量比表征 GST 和 N 掺杂 GST。 [14] 特别是，通过原位 XPS 证实了 O1- 和 O2- 之间的电荷传输。 [15] 值得注意的是，原位 XPS 和穆斯堡尔光谱的结果进一步证明，促进电子从 MnO2 到 Fe2O3 的转移促进了 C-poor θ-Fe3C 的形成，有助于丰富合成气对轻质烯烃的反应性。 [16] 此外，原位 XPS 证实了 OC 的一个重要的羟基离子形成过程。 [17] 此外，通过CV动力学分析、异位XPS和拉曼测试分析了锂/钠的储存行为。 [18] 借助第一性原理计算，通过ex-situ XRD和ex-situ XPS研究了钠离子的储存机理和扩散机理。 [19] 此外，通过原位XRD和非原位XPS研究了FeBO3的钠储存机理。 [20] 原位 XPS 和 DRIFT 光谱研究表明，醇歧化为乙烷和醛的活性物质是还原的 V3+ 离子；然而，FeVO4 催化剂中的 Fe 负责引导金属还原形成 Fe-V-O 尖晶石相，该相比 V2O5 更均匀且更稳定。 [21] 原位 XPS 用于研究掩模表面的元素组成。 [22] 正如原位 XRD、H2-TPR、原位 XPS、HAADF-STEM 和原位 DRIFT 光谱技术所揭示的那样，优化的 CuCoMn 催化剂中 Cu 和 Mn 物种之间的强电子和几何相互作用改变了 Cu 物种的化学状态，呈现出较高比例的表面Cu+/(Cu0+Cu+)，特别是增强了Cu+活性位点上的线性CO吸附，提供了更高的CO插入概率，最终有助于提高催化性能。 [23] 通过 N2 物理吸附、H2 化学吸附、XRD、TEM、ICP、H2-TPR、in-原位/异位 XPS、NH3-TPD 和拉曼光谱。 [24] 、基于磁体的表征、PXRD 和组合 XAS/DRIFTS 以及准原位 XPS。 [25] 采用ICP、N2物理吸附、ex-situ/in-situ XRD、in-situ XPS、FT-IR、H2-TPR、TEM、N2O等手段研究了二氧化硅负载铜催化剂的制备方法对结构和性能的影响滴定、TG以及糠醛加氢。 [26] 在这里，我们使用原位 XPS 研究了 Pt 纳米颗粒的电化学氧化。 [27] 为了估计 Pt 和 Ni 添加对 WTi 催化性能的影响，通过原位 XPS、非原位 BET 和 XRD 研究了 PtWTi 和 NiWTi 催化剂复合材料，并将获得的结果与未促进的 WTi 获得的结果进行了比较。 [28] Ga-LLZO固体电解质/LiFePO4正极界面也在UHV下通过原位XPS进行了研究。 [29] 通过H2-TPR、XRD、BET、TEM、ICP和原位XPS对这些催化剂的物理和化学性质进行了表征。 [30] 然后使用异位 XPS 全面研究了 Si/MC 电极上的 SEI 层的组成，在有和没有含 VC 电解质的情况下循环了几个循环。 [31] 应用 TGA、高温 XRD (HT-XRD) 和准原位 XPS 来估计 MnO2 基催化剂表面上气态氧的重构。 [32] 已通过异位 XPS 研究了 Mn 3 O 4 @C 阳极的转化机理。 [33] 原位 XPS 的表面特征也表明形成了还原的铜物质，对于较高的 Cu 掺杂样品来说，这要低得多。 [34] 补充表征技术，如氮吸附、XRD、H2-TPR、H2-TPD、CO-TPD、CO-DRIFTS 和原位 XPS，用于将表面结构和功能与钾 (K) 掺杂催化剂的催化性能相关联. [35]