Single Entity Electrochemistry(单实体电化学)研究综述
Single Entity Electrochemistry 单实体电化学 - Within the field of single-entity electrochemistry through so-called impact experiments, the use of soft interfaces can be a valuable and advantageous complement to conventional solid microelectrodes, as recently demonstrated for both hard and soft micro- and nanoparticles. [1] One exciting subset of single-entity electrochemistry, and the topic of this review, is the study of reactions in nanoreactors of subfemtoliter (10−15 L) volumes with a particular focus on nanoparticle synthesis. [2] The recent development of nanoscale probes has enabled the study of single molecules and single cells with unprecedented resolution and the expansion of the field of single-entity electrochemistry. [3] Herein, we review recent literature examples of stochastic processes in single-entity electrochemistry, highlighting strategies for interpreting stochasticity, contrasting them with macroscale measurements, and describing the insights generated. [4] By means of simultaneous surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and single-entity electrochemistry (EC) measurements, we have probed the dynamic evolution of amide bond formation in the aminolysis reaction with 10 s of millisecond time resolution. [5] Co 3 O 4 nanocubes are evaluated concerning their intrinsic electrocatalytic activity towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) by means of single-entity electrochemistry. [6] Finally, we also demonstrate the detection of individual ionosomes via single-entity electrochemistry. [7] By focusing on the electrode/solution interface for more effective NP-electrode contact, we expect that the knowledge learned from this study will greatly benefit future NP collision systems for mechanistic studies in single-entity electrochemistry as well as designing ultrasensitive biochemical sensors. [8] Single-entity electrochemistry has emerged as a powerful tool to study the adsorption behavior of single nanoscale entities one-at-a-time on an ultramicroelectrode surface. [9]在通过所谓的冲击实验的单实体电化学领域内，软界面的使用可以成为传统固体微电极的有价值和有利的补充，正如最近在硬质和软质微米和纳米颗粒中所证明的那样。 [1] 单实体电化学的一个令人兴奋的子集以及本综述的主题是研究亚飞升（10-15 L）体积的纳米反应器中的反应，特别关注纳米颗粒合成。 [2] 纳米级探针的最新发展使得以前所未有的分辨率研究单分子和单细胞成为可能，并扩大了单实体电化学领域。 [3] 在这里，我们回顾了单实体电化学中随机过程的最新文献示例，强调了解释随机性的策略，将它们与宏观测量进行对比，并描述了所产生的见解。 [4] 通过同时表面增强拉曼光谱 (SERS) 和单实体电化学 (EC) 测量，我们以 10 秒的毫秒时间分辨率探测了氨解反应中酰胺键形成的动态演变。 [5] Co 3 O 4 纳米立方体通过单实体电化学评估其对析氧反应（OER）的内在电催化活性。 [6] 最后，我们还展示了通过单实体电化学检测单个离子体。 [7] 通过专注于电极/溶液界面以实现更有效的 NP 电极接触，我们期望从这项研究中学到的知识将极大地有益于未来 NP 碰撞系统，用于单实体电化学的机理研究以及设计超灵敏的生化传感器。 [8] 单实体电化学已成为研究单个纳米级实体在超微电极表面上的吸附行为的有力工具。 [9]