Rust Caused(生锈引起)研究综述
Rust Caused 生锈引起 - Currently, the rust caused by Olivea neotectonae (T. [1] The enhancement of engine thrust caused by reduction in pressure drop is an attractive improvement of concern. [2] Rust caused by Melampsora laricis-populina ( Pucciniales ) and basidiomata of Pleurotus ostreatus were detected on infected Populus nigra ‘Italica’ trees. [3] Stripe (yellow) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [4] 9 Mw originating from the megathrust caused a catastrophic tsunami. [5] From the moment COVID-19 began to the peak of the second wave, Russian citizens showed negative dynamics, characterized by: 1) an increase in the experience of social fears associated with failure and defeat, as well as rejection and suppression; 2) an increase in the imbalance of trust caused by the growth of trust in the world and others, as trustworthy sources of information about the current danger, against the background of a steadily reduced trust in oneself; 3) a decrease in optimism and faith in the future with an increase in the intensity of emotional stress, as well as a desire to delegate responsibility for the events of one’s own life; 4) a general decrease in efficiency (based on the results of self-report). [6] Reasons for not wanting a vaccine were commonly explained by confusion and distrust caused by prevalent misinformation. [7] According to the records of the long-term observation station of Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling, the effects of near-surface crust caused by the post-earthquake seismic waves include the following four aspects: (1) the pore fissure loosening; (2) the pore pressure rising and groundwater upwelling; (3) gas releasing; and (4) exothermic reaction. [8] The proposed method is implemented in a twin-spool turbofan engine to achieve limit protection with direct thrust control, and the loss of thrust is improved by about 30% in comparison with the loss of thrust caused by Min-Max logic when limit protection control is activated, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method. [9] Synthetically, here we propose the following tectonic model for the formation of the high-δ18O Mesoarchean granitoids: (1) Generation of voluminous high-density lower crust along with the formation of early felsic continent dominated by TTGs; (2) gravity-driven subduction of denser oceanic crust relative to continental crust induced by delamination of high-density lower crust together with lithospheric mantle; and (3) subsequently partial melting of altered high-δ18O hydrated oceanic crust caused by delamination-induced hot asthenospheric mantle upwelling to form the high-δ18O Mesoarchean granitoid. [10] Security attacks in smart contracts have drawn extensive attention due to the financial loss and erosion of trust caused by vulnerabilities. [11] Stripe (yellow) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [12] Yellow (stripe) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis fsp tritici is one of the most devastating diseases threatening Ethiopian wheat production. [13] The capital market can fail due to loss of investor distrust caused by the failure or bankruptcy of securities companies, resulting in a systemic effect that can reduce the reliability of the capital market industry. [14] Rust caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae is a major biotic constraint to field pea (Pisum sativum L. [15] Stripe (Yellow) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [16] Rust caused by the fungus Puccinia helianthi and downy mildew (DM) caused by the obligate pathogen Plasmopara halstedii are two of the most globally important sunflower diseases. [17] The first impulse of thrust caused by overlap effect takes place at about 3° azimuth after the alignment of the blades for present cases, as the upper and lower blades meet in a rotating way. [18] Rust caused by the biotrophic fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi is a major threat to soybean cultivation, as it can cause up to 80% yield loss. [19] As to the reality of a follower force in physical systems, it is said that an end thrust caused by a momentum flux discharged from the free end of a cantilevered pipe conveying fluid is a typical follower force. [20] For the first time, we have found an interrelation between localities of deep fractures (activation areas) and the stressed-deformed state of the Earth’s crust caused by the impact of regional tangential stresses. [21] Stripe (yellow) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [22] The results of PCR analysis of the collection of spring triticale accessions for the presence of genes Lr9, Lr12, Lr19, Lr24, Lr25, Lr28, Lr29, and Lr47 (conferring resistance to wheat leaf (brown) rust caused by Puccinia triticina Erikss. [23]目前，由Olivea neotectonae (T. [1] 由压降降低引起的发动机推力增强是一个值得关注的有吸引力的改进。 [2] 在受感染的黑杨“意大利”树上检测到由 Melampsora laricis-populina (Pucciniales) 和 Pleurotus ostreatus 担子虫引起的锈病。 [3] 由 Puccinia striiformis f. 引起的条状（黄色）锈病。 [4] 9 Mw 源自巨型逆冲断层，引发了一场灾难性的海啸。 [5] 从 COVID-19 开始到第二波高峰的那一刻，俄罗斯公民表现出负面动态，其特点是：1）与失败和失败以及拒绝和压制相关的社会恐惧体验增加； 2）在对自己的信任稳步下降的背景下，作为关于当前危险的可信赖信息来源，由于对世界和他人的信任增长而导致的信任失衡增加； 3）随着情绪压力的增加，对未来的乐观和信心下降，以及对自己生活事件的责任委托的愿望； 4) 效率普遍下降（基于自我报告的结果）。 [6] 不想要疫苗的原因通常是由普遍的错误信息引起的混乱和不信任来解释的。 [7] 根据中国大陆科学钻井长期观测站的记录，震后地震波对近地表地壳的影响包括以下四个方面：（1）孔隙裂隙松动； (2) 孔隙压力上升和地下水上涌； (3) 气体释放； (4)放热反应。 [8] 该方法在双转子涡扇发动机上实现了直接推力控制的极限保护，与极限保护控制时Min-Max逻辑引起的推力损失相比，推力损失改善了约30%。激活，这证明了所提出方法的有效性。 [9] 综上，本文提出了高δ18O中太古代花岗岩形成的构造模型：（1）体积庞大的高密度下地壳的生成，伴随着以TTGs为主的早英纪大陆的形成； (2) 高密度下地壳与岩石圈地幔一起剥离引起的相对于大陆地壳的致密大洋地壳的重力驱动俯冲； (3) 剥离引起的热软流圈地幔上涌导致蚀变的高δ18O水合洋壳随后部分熔融，形成高δ18O中太古代花岗岩。 [10] 由于漏洞导致的财务损失和信任侵蚀，智能合约中的安全攻击引起了广泛关注。 [11] 由 Puccinia striiformis f. 引起的条状（黄色）锈病。 [12] 由 Puccinia striiformis fsp tritici 引起的黄（条）锈病是威胁埃塞俄比亚小麦生产的最具破坏性的病害之一。 [13] 证券公司倒闭或破产导致投资者失去信任，资本市场可能会失灵，从而产生系统性效应，从而降低资本市场行业的可靠性。 [14] Uromyces viciae-fabae 引起的锈病是豌豆 (Pisum sativum L. [15] 由 Puccinia striiformis f 引起的条状（黄色）锈病。 [16] 由真菌 Puccinia helianthi 引起的锈病和由专性病原体 Plasmopara halstedii 引起的霜霉病 (DM) 是全球最重要的两种向日葵病害。 [17] 在当前情况下，由重叠效应引起的第一次推力脉冲发生在叶片对齐后大约 3° 的方位角，因为上叶片和下叶片以旋转方式相遇。 [18] 由生物营养真菌 Phakopsora pachyrhizi 引起的锈病是大豆种植的主要威胁，因为它会导致高达 80% 的产量损失。 [19] 就物理系统中随动力的实际情况而言，从输送流体的悬臂管的自由端排出的动量通量引起的端部推力称为典型的随动力。 [20] 我们首次发现了深裂缝（活动区）的位置与区域切向应力影响引起的地壳应力变形状态之间的相互关系。 [21] 由 Puccinia striiformis f 引起的条状（黄色）锈病。 [22] 春黑小麦收集品的 PCR 分析结果表明基因 Lr9、Lr12、Lr19、Lr24、Lr25、Lr28、Lr29 和 Lr47 的存在（赋予对小麦叶锈病的抗性）由 Puccinia triticina Erikss. [23]
Leaf Rust Caused 叶锈病引起
Wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina, is a widespread disease of wheat in the United States and worldwide. [1] Potency of Galangal Extract as Botanical fungicide to Control Grape Leave Rust Disease (Phakopsora euvitis) Grape leaf rust caused by Phakopsora eutivitis is an important disease on grape plants. [2] In Ethiopia, coffee leaf rust caused by Hemileia vastatrix is one of the third most economically important diseases of Coffee Arabica. [3] Common root rot caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt) are major fungal diseases in wheat. [4] Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is an important disease of wheat and Lr24 gene confers resistance to all known pathotypes of P. [5] Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks. [6] Leaf rust caused by the fungus Puccinia recondita f. [7] In Ethiopia, coffee leaf rust caused by Hemileia vastatrix is one of the third most economically important diseases of Coffee Arabica. [8] The use of resistant cultivars is the most effective strategy for controlling coffee leaf rust caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix. [9] Leaf rust caused by the fungus Puccinia triticina Erikss. [10] tritici and leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina are among the most important widespread diseases of wheat (Triticum spp. [11] One of the major global challenges for coffee production, coffee leaf rust caused by the fungal pathogen Hemileia vastatrix is attacked by the fungal hyperparasite, Lecanicillium lecanii. [12] Coffee leaf rust caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix is one of the most important leaf diseases of coffee plantations worldwide. [13] Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina belongs to one of the most dangerous fungal diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. [14] Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is one of the main diseases affecting wheat (Triticum aestivum) production worldwide. [15] The widely grown hard red winter wheat cultivar Duster released in 2006 has remained highly resistant to leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina in the southern Great Plains of the United States. [16] Wheat leaf rust caused by the pathogenic fungus, Puccinia triticina, is a serious threat to bread wheat and durum production in many areas of the world. [17] Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks is one of the most problematic diseases of wheat throughout the world. [18] Because the fungicide application is performed during the rainy season, it is crucial to study the resistance of chemical deposits on the leaf surface for the control of the coffee leaf rust caused by Hemileia vastatrix. [19] Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina f. [20] Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina is a common bread wheat disease in the Volga Region of Russia and breeding for this disease resistance is a priority for the Agricultural Research Institute for South-East Regions wheat program. [21] Alfalfa leaf rust caused by the fungal pathogen Uromyces striatus compromises forage yield and quality. [22] Intraspecific genetic polymorphism of leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Erikss. [23] Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Erikss. [24]由小麦锈菌引起的小麦叶锈病是一种在美国和世界范围内普遍存在的小麦病害。 [1] 高良姜提取物作为植物杀菌剂防治葡萄叶锈病（Phakopsora euvitis）的效力 Phakopsora eutivitis引起的葡萄叶锈病是葡萄植株的重要病害。 [2] 在埃塞俄比亚，由 Hemileia mastatrix 引起的咖啡叶锈病是阿拉比卡咖啡第三大经济重要病害之一。 [3] 常见的小麦根腐病和由小麦锈菌（Pt）引起的叶锈病是小麦的主要真菌病害。 [4] 由小麦锈病引起的叶锈病是小麦的一种重要病害，Lr24基因赋予了对所有已知致病型小麦锈病的抗性。 [5] 由小麦锈菌引起的叶锈病。 [6] 由真菌 Puccinia recondita f 引起的叶锈病。 [7] 在埃塞俄比亚，由 Hemileia mastatrix 引起的咖啡叶锈病是阿拉比卡咖啡第三大经济重要病害之一。 [8] 使用抗性品种是控制由真菌 Hemileia mastatrix 引起的咖啡叶锈病的最有效策略。 [9] 由真菌 Puccinia triticina Erikss 引起的叶锈病。 [10] 由小麦锈菌引起的小麦和叶锈病是小麦（Triticum spp. [11] 咖啡生产的主要全球挑战之一是由真菌病原体 Hemileia mastatrix 引起的咖啡叶锈病受到真菌超寄生虫 Lecanicillium lecanii 的攻击。 [12] 由真菌 Hemileia mastatrix 引起的咖啡叶锈病是全球咖啡种植园最重要的叶病之一。 [13] 由小麦锈菌引起的叶锈病属于小麦最危险的真菌病害之一（Triticum aestivum L. [14] 由小麦锈菌引起的叶锈病是影响全球小麦（Triticum aestivum）生产的主要病害之一。 [15] 2006 年发布的广泛种植的硬红冬小麦品种 Duster 对美国南部大平原小麦锈病引起的叶锈病具有高度抗性。 [16] 由病原真菌小麦叶锈病引起的小麦叶锈病对世界许多地区的面包小麦和硬粒小麦生产构成严重威胁。 [17] 由小麦锈病引起的叶锈病是世界上最严重的小麦病害之一。 [18] 由于杀菌剂的应用是在雨季进行的，因此研究叶片表面化学沉积物的抗性对于控制由 Hemileia mastatrix 引起的咖啡叶锈病至关重要。 [19] Puccinia triticina f. 引起的叶锈病。 [20] 由小麦锈病引起的叶锈病是俄罗斯伏尔加地区常见的面包小麦病害，培育这种抗病性是东南地区农业研究所小麦计划的优先事项。 [21] 由真菌病原体 Uromyces striatus 引起的苜蓿叶锈病会影响草料的产量和质量。 [22] 小麦锈病引起叶锈病的种内遗传多态性。 [23] Puccinia triticina Erikss 引起的叶锈病。 [24]
Stem Rust Caused 茎生锈引起
Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. [1] tritici, and Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. [2] Resistance breeding is an effective approach against wheat stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. [3] Wheat stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. [4] Stem rust caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis f. [5] Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. [6] Severe wheat stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis Pers. [7] SUMMARY The resistance gene Sr13 is one of the most important genes in durum wheat for controlling stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. [8] Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. [9] Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat which causing considerable yield losses in wheat-growing areas in Ethiopia. [10] Wheat stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. [11] Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. [12] Wheat stem rust caused by the fungus Puccinia graminis f. [13] Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. [14] The wheat research community consistently strives to identify new genes that confer resistance to stem rust caused by the fungal pathogen Puccinia graminis f. [15] Three rust diseases namely; stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. [16] In 2016, stem rust caused epidemics on durum wheat in Sicily (Italy), which has similar climatic conditions to those found in the south and east of Spain. [17] Wheat stem rust caused by the biotrophic fungus Puccinia graminis f. [18]由 Puccinia graminis f. 引起的茎锈病。 [1] tritici 和由 Puccinia graminis f 引起的茎锈病。 [2] 抗性育种是防治小麦锈病的有效途径。 [3] Puccinia graminis f. 引起的小麦茎锈病。 [4] 由真菌 Puccinia graminis f 引起的茎锈病。 [5] 由 Puccinia graminis f. 引起的茎锈病。 [6] 由 Puccinia graminis Pers 引起的严重小麦茎锈病。 [7] 小结 抗性基因 Sr13 是硬质小麦中防治禾谷镰刀菌茎锈病最重要的基因之一。 [8] nan [9] nan [10] Puccinia graminis f. 引起的小麦茎锈病。 [11] 由 Puccinia graminis f. 引起的茎锈病。 [12] 由真菌 Puccinia graminis f 引起的小麦茎锈病。 [13] 由 Puccinia graminis f. 引起的茎锈病。 [14] 小麦研究界一直在努力寻找能够抵抗由真菌病原体 Puccinia graminis f 引起的茎锈病的新基因。 [15] 三种锈病即；由 Puccinia graminis f 引起的茎锈病。 [16] 2016 年，茎锈病在西西里岛（意大利）引起了硬质小麦流行病，该地区的气候条件与西班牙南部和东部的气候条件相似。 [17] 由生物营养真菌 Puccinia graminis f 引起的小麦茎锈病。 [18]
Stripe Rust Caused 条纹锈病引起
Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [1] Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [2] Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt), stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [3] In the present study, we identified a CRK gene (designated TaCRK10) from wheat variety Xiaoyan 6 (XY6), which harbors high-temperature seedling-plant (HTSP) resistance to stripe rust caused by fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. [4] )] production is constrained by fungal diseases including stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. [5] Wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [6] Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [7] The winter wheat cultivar Skiles has a high level of high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance to stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [8] Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis is a disastrous disease of cereal crops and various grasses. [9] Planting resistant cultivars is the most economical and effective measure to control wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [10] BackgroundFusarium head blight (FHB) caused by the fungus Fusarium graminearum Schwabe and stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. [11]由 Puccinia striiformis f. 引起的条锈病。 [1] 由 Puccinia striiformis f. 引起的条锈病。 [2] 由小麦锈菌 (Pt) 引起的叶锈病，由 Puccinia striiformis f 引起的条锈病。 [3] 在本研究中，我们从小麦品种小燕 6 号（XY6）中鉴定出一个 CRK 基因（命名为 TaCRK10），该基因对由真菌病原体 Puccinia striiformis f 引起的条锈病具有高温幼苗（HTSP）抗性。 [4] )] 生产受到真菌病害的限制，包括由 Puccinia striiformis Westend 引起的条锈病。 [5] 由 Puccinia striiformis f 引起的小麦条锈病。 [6] 由 Puccinia striiformis f. 引起的条锈病。 [7] 冬小麦品种 Skiles 对由 Puccinia striiformis f 引起的条锈病具有较高的高温成株 (HTAP) 抗性。 [8] 由条锈病引起的条锈病是谷类作物和各种草类的灾难性病害。 [9] 种植抗病品种是防治条锈病小麦条锈病最经济有效的措施。 [10] 背景由真菌禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum Schwabe）引起的镰刀菌头枯病（FHB）和由Puccinia striiformis f.引起的条锈病。 [11]
White Rust Caused
White rust caused by Puccinia horiana Henn. [1] Chrysanthemum white rust caused by Puccinia horiana Henn. [2] White rust caused by the oomycete pathogen Albugo candida is a significant disease of crucifer crops including Brassica juncea (mustard), a major oilseed crop of the Indian subcontinent. [3] White rust caused by oomycete pathogen Albugo candida is a significant disease of crucifer crops including Brassica juncea (mustard), a major oilseed crop of the Indian subcontinent. [4] Rapeseed-mustard affected by different biotic stress, among them white rust caused by A. [5]由 Puccinia horiana Henn 引起的白锈病。 [1] 菊花白锈病由 Puccinia horiana Henn 引起。 [2] 由卵菌病原体 Albugo candida 引起的白锈病是十字花科作物的一种重要病害，包括印度次大陆的主要油料作物 Brassica juncea（芥末）。 [3] 由卵菌病原体白锈菌引起的白锈病是十字花科作物的一种重要病害，包括印度次大陆的主要油料作物芥菜（芥菜）。 [4] 油菜芥菜受不同生物胁迫的影响，其中白锈病由 A. [5]
Common Rust Caused
Among biotic factors, common rust caused by Puccinia sorghi Schw, is one of destructive foliar diseases of maize in Ethiopia. [1] There are three types of rusts affecting corn plant namely – common rust caused by Puccinia sorghi, southern corn rust (SCR) caused by Puccinia polysora and tropical rust caused by Physopellazeae (Dolezal, 2011). [2] However, its production is threatened by anumber of diseases among which common rust caused by Puccinia sorghi, is the most destructive foliardisease of the crop in the country. [3]在生物因素中，由高粱锈病引起的常见锈病是埃塞俄比亚玉米的破坏性叶面病害之一。 [1] 影响玉米植物的锈病分为三种类型，即由高粱锈病引起的普通锈病、由多刺锈病引起的南方玉米锈病 (SCR) 和由叶霉病引起的热带锈病 (Dolezal, 2011)。 [2] 然而，它的生产受到许多疾病的威胁，其中由高粱锈病引起的常见锈病是该国最具破坏性的作物叶面病害。 [3]
Brown Rust Caused
hordei and brown rust caused by Puccinia hordei. [1] Brown rust caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. [2] Brown rust caused by Puccinia recondita is a significant disease in cereal growing areas worldwide. [3]由大麦锈病引起的大麦和褐锈病。 [1] 由黑头锈菌引起的褐锈病。 [2] Puccinia recondita 引起的褐锈病是全球谷物种植区的一种重要病害。 [3]
Blister Rust Caused
To our knowledge, this is the first report of white blister rust caused by W. [1] Limber pine (Pinus flexilis) is a keystone species of high-elevation forest ecosystems of western North America, but some parts of the geographic range have high infection and mortality from the non-native white pine blister rust caused byCronartium ribicola. [2]据我们所知，这是首例由 W. [1] 软松（Pinus flexilis）是北美西部高海拔森林生态系统的关键树种，但该地理范围的某些地区因由Cronartium ribicola引起的非原生白松水疱锈病具有较高的感染和死亡率。 [2]
Soybean Rust Caused
In a field experiment, 19 fungicides in commercial formulations to control soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, were evaluated. [1] Asian soybean rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi reduces crop yield up to 90%. [2]在一项田间试验中，评估了商业配方中的 19 种杀菌剂，以控制由 Phakopsora pachyrhizi 引起的大豆锈病。 [1] 由 Phakopsora pachyrhizi 引起的亚洲大豆锈病使作物减产高达 90%。 [2]
Spruce Rust Caused 云杉生锈引起
Cherry-spruce rust caused by Thekopsora areolata (Fr. [1] The cherry spruce rust caused by Thekopsora areolata results in significant losses in spruce seed production in forest industry. [2]由 Thekopsora areolata (Fr. [1] 由 Thekopsora areolata 引起的樱桃云杉锈病导致森林工业中云杉种子生产的重大损失。 [2]
Asian Rust Caused 亚洲锈病引起
Asian rust caused by Phakopsora pachirhizi, which is a major constraint to production of soybean, causing 90% yield losses in field. [1] While soybean is one of the main crops produced in Brazil, it can have severe losses of production due to the incidence of Asian rust caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi. [2]Phakopsora pachirhizi 引起的亚洲锈病是大豆生产的主要制约因素，导致大田减产 90%。 [1] 虽然大豆是巴西生产的主要作物之一，但由于真菌 Phakopsora pachyrhizi 引起的亚洲锈病的发生，它可能会造成严重的产量损失。 [2]