Intrinsic Motivations(内在动机)研究综述
Intrinsic Motivations 内在动机 - This work reports on the findings from studies (one social media campaign, one survey, and one email campaign) conducted in Singapore to explore the dual role of extrinsic and intrinsic motivations in purchase intention towards a health product as seen in an Instagram influencer’s post. [1] In many cases, however, social norms are internalized and individuals have intrinsic motivations to observe norms. [2] Educational programs should include attention to the affective and conative domains of learning, empowering students to take responsibility for their educational journeys, promoting a growth mindset, activating learners' intrinsic motivations, creating opportunities for self-directed learning, and designing courses with supportive structures and resources. [3] Furthermore, we consider the effects of management’s extrinsic and intrinsic motivations, and the resulting alignment or conflicts between management and shareholders. [4] ” We find that hosts are driven not only by the monetary motivation “to earn cash” but also by intrinsic motivations such as “to share beauty” and “to meet people. [5] However, there is the need to analyze, in further research, religious education and other extrinsic and intrinsic motivations about environmental care and waste management for children. [6] Literature on people’s motivations for using social network sites is plentiful, yet articles on people’s intrinsic motivations for resisting or rejecting them are scarce. [7] The findings also highlighted that intrinsic motivations and extrinsic motivations for participation differ. [8] The two additional elements are Pay-for-Performance, which aims to increase implementing staff’s extrinsic motivations, and Implementation & Sustainment Facilitation, which targets staff’s intrinsic motivations. [9] Establishing a theoretical model based on compatibility theory, the authors examine the effects of two dimensions of compatibility and the mediating effects of employees' intrinsic motivations. [10] This study examines the gain in learning effectiveness and students’ intrinsic motivations that would result from the use of VR as compared to the use of traditional learning activity, namely think-pair and share. [11] Earlier research has shown that intrinsic motivation plays a decisive role in fostering environmental performance of households and consumers, but that external pressures may “crowd out” the intrinsic motivations. [12] Like landscapes of fear, animals are hypothesized to strategically use lightscapes based on intrinsic motivations. [13] This indicates that participants had intrinsic motivations for joining TaiRON. [14] Facilitators for repeat colonoscopy included patients’ assurance garnered from fostered trust in the patient–provider relationship, their intrinsic motivations from fear of cancer and an innate appreciation for the significance of obtaining repeated colonoscopies. [15] Water planners and policy analysts need to pay closer attention to the behavioral aspects of water use, including the use of nonprice measures such as norms, public communications, and intrinsic motivations. [16] Furthermore, OL will reinforce consumers’ extrinsic motivations, while WOML will reinforce consumers’ intrinsic motivations, which are negatively moderated by product involvement and sequentially affect the consumer decision process. [17] The exploratory factor analysis showed a clustering in four factors (two for intrinsic motivations and two for extrinsic motivations), explaining 64. [18] This study aims to explore the relationship between intrinsic motivations and the level of commitment of followers of the brand communities of the media that cover showbusiness. [19] CONCLUSIONS The system choices of individuals seem to reflect their intrinsic motivations to engage with rich data, and commercial systems might themselves be a tailoring strategy. [20] The competition focuses on a simulated camera-arm robot that: (a) in a first ‘intrinsic phase’ acquires sensorimotor competence by autonomously interacting with objects through mechanisms such as curiosity, intrinsic motivations, self-generated goals, and reinforcement learning; (b) in a second ‘extrinsic phase’ is tested with tasks unknown in the intrinsic phase to measure the quality of knowledge and skills acquired in the first phase. [21] Extending this research to candidates during an ongoing election campaign, this study examines the interaction between constituency diversity and politicians’ intrinsic motivations to recognize the interests of immigrants and religious minorities. [22] However, when the intrinsic motivations of beneficiaries are activated, these beneficiaries take greater ownership of the objectives of actions: they demonstrate more lasting behavioural change. [23] The objective of the study was to investigate how intrinsic motivations (autonomy, competence, and relatedness) affect exercisers and spectators' perceptions using real-time interactive mobile running applications. [24] Research is needed to understand how intrinsic motivations and social support influence individual nurse staff’s perceptions of resource loss and job demands. [25] Both extrinsic and intrinsic motivations are crucial in the development of effective pedagogical practices. [26] This implies a crowding out of intrinsic motivations for CSR by extrinsic effects due to the regulation. [27] The aim of this paper is to discuss the intrinsic motivations for the existence of the whistleblower, opposed to the extrinsic motivations, which are more widely discussed in academia and is used in regulations around the world. [28] Thus, the aim of this study is to explore the influence of intrinsic motivations on employees' ISSP compliance. [29] The implementation of Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) raises concerns about the effects of external economic incentives on intrinsic motivations. [30] The present study examines the influences of extrinsic motivations (such as reputation, the wish to signal a certain image; and reciprocity, the expectation on future return for their present contribution), intrinsic motivations (such as a sense of belonging, the feeling of belonging to an integral part of a positive community; joy of giving, the anticipated positive emotions experienced by helping others; altruism, intrinsic desire to help others without expectation of a return; and financial constraints, individuals’ personally felt financial stresses induced by donations), and social interactions (such as social influence, people’s perception of how their close acquaintances believe they should support the project; and social ties, the strength of the relationship between the individual and the project initiator) on intentions to support charitable crowdfunding behaviors, namely, the willingness to share (WTS) project information and the intention to donate (ITD) money. [31] It was also found that intrinsic motivations have the only mediating role between brand citizenship behavior toward employee performance, on the other hand, no mediation role was found for extrinsic motivations. [32] There are intrinsic motivations that underlie each subject while they go clubbing that is on the basis of the problems they face with the purpose of getting entertained and pleasure due to feeling tired and burdened with works and lecture activities they live. [33] However, economic incentives are strong drivers of individuals’ behavior and need to be studied along with intrinsic motivations. [34] While monetary and social rewards can be an effective means to boost contributors’ extrinsic and intrinsic motivations to contribute, a theoretical understanding and empirical evidence of their effects are lacking. [35] Extrinsic and intrinsic motivations are simple concepts that our students seem to quickly understand, yet few of our students grasp the complexity of sustaining intrinsic motivation. [36] We have investigated the factors influencing deployment, including the decentralized nature of service innovation, fit with the internal and external context, extrinsic and intrinsic motivations, and handovers. [37] ,Public managers, when faced with constant change, act as transformational leaders and have the objective of leverage on intrinsic motivations in order to make the change accepted and, more so, to make it perceived as an advantage for the administration. [38] PARTICIPANTS A purposive sample of 19 midwives FINDINGS: Three co-dependent themes emerged: intrinsic motivations, extrinsic motivations and challenges. [39] the effect that such rewards might have on either strengthening (crowding-in) or weakening (crowding-out) participants' intrinsic motivations to protect and sustainably manage natural ecosystems. [40] The religious motivation of Muslim minority for the sake of maintaining their faith rested upon both extrinsic and intrinsic motivations. [41] ABSTRACT We examine how intrinsic motivations in two health interaction contexts – online and doctor’s office visit – influence online health information seeking (OHIS). [42] A questionnaire was sent to all invited patients to evaluate factors related to non-attendance (including age, gender, frailty, living alone, income, education, extrinsic motivations (impact of perceived information) and intrinsic motivations (patient’s own perceived views and opinions) and to attendance (personal impact of clinical professionals’ advice). [43] In many cases, however, social norms are internalized and individuals have intrinsic motivations to observe norms. [44] As a result, it was determined that the motivation of the athletes decreased significantly as the sports history and age increased, that the intrinsic motivations of the national athletes were significantly higher, and there was no in all dimensions of sports participation motivation in athletes with disabilities difference according to gender. [45] There is a narrow understanding of the role of motivations and the balance between external incentives and intrinsic motivations for use of SI practices. [46] Skilled graduates also sort by intrinsic motivations to some extent, but these motivations are secondary to jobseekers’ perceptions of various sectors. [47] Extended model results provide evidence that these negative effects stem from the crowding out of facility managers’ intrinsic motivations. [48] We also investigate the influences of technological and psychological antecedents on extrinsic and intrinsic motivations. [49] Intrinsic motivations are composed of long term goals which associated with the internal individual‘s motivation whereas extrinsic motivations are empowered by external environments. [50]这项工作报告了在新加坡进行的研究（一项社交媒体活动、一项调查和一项电子邮件活动）的结果，以探索外在和内在动机在购买健康产品的意图中的双重作用，如 Instagram 影响者的帖子所示。 [1] 然而，在许多情况下，社会规范是内化的，个人具有遵守规范的内在动机。 [2] 教育计划应包括关注学习的情感和意动领域，使学生能够对他们的教育旅程负责，促进成长心态，激活学习者的内在动机，创造自主学习的机会，以及设计具有支持性结构的课程和资源。 [3] 此外，我们考虑管理层的外在和内在动机的影响，以及由此产生的管理层和股东之间的一致性或冲突。 [4] 我们发现，房东不仅受到“赚钱”的金钱动机驱动，还受到“分享美丽”和“结识人”等内在动机的驱动。 [5] 然而，在进一步的研究中，有必要分析宗教教育和其他有关儿童环境保护和废物管理的外在和内在动机。 [6] 关于人们使用社交网站的动机的文献很多，但关于人们抵制或拒绝社交网站的内在动机的文章却很少。 [7] 研究结果还强调了参与的内在动机和外在动机不同。 [8] 另外两个要素是按绩效付费，旨在增加执行人员的外在动机，以及实施和维持促进，针对员工的内在动机。 [9] 建立基于相容论的理论模型，考察相容性两个维度的影响和员工内在动机的中介作用。 [10] 本研究考察了与使用传统学习活动（即思考配对和分享）相比，使用 VR 所带来的学习效果和学生内在动机的增益。 [11] 早期的研究表明，内在动机在促进家庭和消费者的环境绩效方面起着决定性作用，但外部压力可能会“挤出”内在动机。 [12] 就像恐惧的风景一样，动物被假设为基于内在动机战略性地使用光景。 [13] 这表明参与者有加入TaiRON的内在动机。 [14] 重复结肠镜检查的促进因素包括患者从对患者与提供者关系的信任中获得的保证、他们对癌症恐惧的内在动机以及对获得重复结肠镜检查的重要性的天生欣赏。 [15] 水资源规划者和政策分析师需要更加关注用水的行为方面，包括使用非价格措施，如规范、公共沟通和内在动机。 [16] 此外，OL 将强化消费者的外在动机，而 WOML 将强化消费者的内在动机，这些动机受到产品参与的负面调节，进而影响消费者的决策过程。 [17] 探索性因素分析显示了四个因素的聚类（两个用于内在动机，两个用于外在动机），解释 64。 [18] 本研究旨在探讨内在动机与涵盖演艺界的媒体品牌社区追随者的承诺水平之间的关系。 [19] 结论 个人的系统选择似乎反映了他们参与丰富数据的内在动机，而商业系统本身可能是一种量身定制的策略。 [20] 比赛的重点是模拟相机臂机器人：（a）在第一个“内在阶段”，通过好奇心、内在动机、自我生成的目标和强化学习等机制与物体自主交互，从而获得感觉运动能力； (b) 在第二个“外在阶段”，测试内在阶段未知的任务，以衡量在第一阶段获得的知识和技能的质量。 [21] 本研究将这项研究扩展到正在进行的竞选活动中的候选人，研究选区多样性与政治家承认移民和宗教少数群体利益的内在动机之间的相互作用。 [22] 然而，当受益人的内在动机被激活时，这些受益人对行动目标拥有更大的自主权：他们表现出更持久的行为改变。 [23] 该研究的目的是调查内在动机（自主性、能力和相关性）如何使用实时交互式移动跑步应用程序影响锻炼者和观众的感知。 [24] 需要研究来了解内在动机和社会支持如何影响个别护士人员对资源损失和工作需求的看法。 [25] 外在和内在动机对于有效教学实践的发展都至关重要。 [26] 这意味着由于监管而产生的外在影响排挤了企业社会责任的内在动机。 [27] 本文的目的是讨论举报人存在的内在动机，而不是外在动机，后者在学术界得到更广泛的讨论，并在世界各地的法规中使用。 [28] 因此，本研究的目的是探讨内在动机对员工 ISSP 合规性的影响。 [29] 生态系统服务支付（PES）的实施引发了对外部经济激励对内在动机影响的担忧。 [30] 本研究考察了外在动机（如声誉，表达某种形象的愿望；互惠，对他们当前贡献的未来回报的期望）、内在动机（如归属感、归属感）的影响。成为积极社区的一个组成部分；给予的喜悦，即帮助他人所体验到的预期积极情绪；利他主义，即在不期望回报的情况下帮助他人的内在愿望；以及财务限制，个人因捐赠而感受到的财务压力），和社会互动（如社会影响力，人们对其亲密熟人认为他们应该如何支持该项目的看法；以及社会关系，个人与项目发起人之间关系的强度）对支持慈善众筹行为的意图，即，分享（WTS）项目信息的意愿和捐赠（ITD）资金的意愿。 [31] 还发现内在动机在品牌公民行为对员工绩效之间起唯一中介作用，而外在动机没有中介作用。 [32] 当他们去夜店时，每个主题都有内在的动机，这是基于他们所面临的问题，目的是为了获得娱乐和快乐，因为他们感到疲倦和对他们生活的工作和讲座活动感到负担。 [33] 然而，经济激励是个人行为的强大驱动力，需要与内在动机一起研究。 [34] 虽然金钱和社会奖励可以成为提高贡献者的外在和内在动机的有效手段，但缺乏对其影响的理论理解和经验证据。 [35] 外在和内在动机是我们的学生似乎很快就能理解的简单概念，但很少有学生掌握维持内在动机的复杂性。 [36] 我们调查了影响部署的因素，包括服务创新的去中心化性质、与内部和外部环境的契合度、外部和内部动机以及移交。 [37] , 公共管理者在面对不断变化时，扮演变革型领导者的角色，并以利用内在动机为目标，以使变革被接受，更重要的是，使其被视为对行政部门的优势。 [38] 参与者 19 名助产士的有目的样本 调查结果：出现了三个相互依赖的主题：内在动机、外在动机和挑战。 [39] 这种奖励可能对加强（挤入）或削弱（挤出）参与者保护和可持续管理自然生态系统的内在动机产生的影响。 [40] 穆斯林少数群体为了维持他们的信仰而产生的宗教动机取决于外在动机和内在动机。 [41] 摘要 我们研究了两种健康互动环境中的内在动机——在线和就诊——如何影响在线健康信息搜索 (OHIS)。 [42] 向所有受邀患者发送了一份问卷，以评估与缺勤相关的因素（包括年龄、性别、虚弱、独居、收入、教育、外在动机（感知信息的影响）和内在动机（患者自己的感知观点和意见）和出席（临床专业人士建议的个人影响）。 [43] 然而，在许多情况下，社会规范是内化的，个人具有遵守规范的内在动机。 [44] 结果确定，运动员的积极性随着运动历史和年龄的增加而显着下降，国家运动员的内在积极性显着升高，残疾运动员的运动参与积极性在所有维度上均不存在。因性别而异。 [45] 对于动机的作用以及使用 SI 实践的外部动机和内在动机之间的平衡，人们的理解很狭隘。 [46] 熟练的毕业生在某种程度上也会根据内在动机进行分类，但这些动机仅次于求职者对各个行业的看法。 [47] 扩展模型结果提供的证据表明，这些负面影响源于设施管理者的内在动机被挤出。 [48] 我们还研究了技术和心理前因对外在和内在动机的影响。 [49] 内在动机由与内部个人动机相关的长期目标组成，而外在动机则由外部环境赋予。 [50]