Hypodermic Needles(皮下注射针)研究综述
Hypodermic Needles 皮下注射针 - Objectives Microneedle transdermal patches are a combination of hypodermic needles and transdermal patches used to overcome the individual limitations of both injections and patches. [1] The most broadly utilized strategies for transdermal application of the drugs are hypodermic needles, topical creams, and transdermal patches. [2] An ideal powder preparation technique results in minimum protein damage and yields particle sizes in the lower micrometre range and homogeneous particle size distribution enabling subcutaneous or intramuscular injection through hypodermic needles. [3] Microneedle patches designed to precisely deliver cargos into the intradermal space, rich in immune cells, provide a noninvasive and self-applicable vaccination approach, eliminating the need for hypodermic needles and trained medical personnel for vaccine administration. [4] The causes of NSI includes injuries caused by use of hypodermic needles, blood collection needles, needles in intravenous delivery systems, needles in diagnostic aspiration procedures and needle in interventional or surgical procedures. [5] Unskilled and painless applications of microneedle patches for blood collection or drug delivery are two of the advantages of microneedle arrays over hypodermic needles. [6] The painless self-administrative device offers an alternative over traditional routes of drug delivery including systemic administration via hypodermic needles. [7] Hypodermic needles, topical creams, along with transdermal patches have been more frequently used for transdermal administration of medications. [8] As an alternative to hypodermic needles, coated polymer microneedles (MNs) are able to deliver drugs to subcutaneous tissues after being inserted into the skin. [9] Most vaccinations, including those currently approved for COVID-19 are administered intramuscularly and subcutaneously using hypodermic needles. [10] Hypodermic needles (14 gauge) and fluoroscopy were used to orient two Kirschner wires for temporary stabilization and to guide drilling of glide and pilot holes using cannulated drill bits. [11] This study aims to improve the current understanding and limitations of liquid injectability via hypodermic needles, however, the results also have implications for other technologies, such as intradermal jet injection where a liquid bleb is formed under the skin. [12] Needle-free jet injectors (NFJIs) are one of the alternatives to hypodermic needles for transdermal drug delivery. [13] For evaluation of the electrical properties an electrode probe, made of hypodermic needles, was fabricated and characterized using six sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions of defined concentrations. [14] Current syringes are now mostly mass-produced, disposable plastic syringes, which still come with Lüer fittings for intravascular and hypodermic needles, whereas specific non-Lüer connectors are designed for other systems. [15] Although many new devices have led to considerable patient benefit, such as hypodermic needles and magnetic resonance imaging machines, important adverse events caused by some devices, such as an implanted device for birth control and a surgical mesh implant for pelvic organ prolapse, have led to calls to reexamine the regulatory system for such products. [16] Conventionally, injections are administered using hypodermic needles and syringes. [17] Stainless steel (SS) hypodermic needles with the lancet tip profile are ubiquitous in subcutaneous and intramuscular injections. [18] Microneedles (MNs) as a potential alternative system for hypodermic needles can benefit from minimally invasive and self-administration. [19] We sought to understand the manufacturing, quality control process, and needle selection of hypodermic needles for fillers. [20] Hollow microneedles are shorter in length but similar to hypodermic needles and have pore for infusion of liquid formulation of the drug. [21] We hypothesized that the more subcortical and prewired mechanisms controlling responses to recurring ancestral threats (snakes and spiders) would be more affected by this drug compared to learned threats of modern environments (handguns and hypodermic needles). [22] Hypodermic needles can be substituted to secure temporary transosseous fixation. [23] Background: Needle stick injuries (NSIs) are the injuries that are caused by needles, such as hypodermic needles, blood collection needles, intravenous stylets, and needles used to connect parts of intravenous delivery systems. [24] The cases which commonly occur are pricked by hypodermic needles, sprained, lumbago, and the other infections. [25] The most widely used methods for transdermal administration of the drugs are hypodermic needles, topical creams, and transdermal patches. [26] So, this study was conducted with the objective to compare any difference in pain and symptoms felt by males and females after pricking with hypodermic needles. [27] Being operational alternative to hypodermic needles and non-biopolymeric microneedles, they offer plethora of advantages and ease in drug administration over conventional tools. [28] hypodermic needles, which are only about 25 mm long. [29] 4 HIV spreads primarily by unprotected sexual intercourse (including anal and oral sex), infected blood transfusions, hypodermic needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding. [30] In the recent years, human litter, such as food waste, diapers, construction materials, used motor oil, hypodermic needles, etc, is causing growing problems for the environment and quality of life in modern cities. [31] 57 mm (24 G) hypodermic needles, and sealing the ends of the needles. [32] Hypodermic needles [18G to 26G, where G is gauge], were used to measure the size of NF. [33] The FPL tendon was identified and affixed to soft tissue in the distal forearm as well as at the thumb metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint with hypodermic needles. [34] Needle stick injuries (NSIs) are the injuries that are caused by needles such as hypodermic needles, blood collection needles, intravenous stylets, and needles used to connect parts of intravenous delivery systems 1. [35]目标 微针透皮贴剂是皮下注射针和透皮贴剂的组合,用于克服注射剂和贴剂的个体局限性。 [1] 药物透皮应用最广泛使用的策略是皮下注射针、外用乳膏和透皮贴剂。 [2] 理想的粉末制备技术可将蛋白质损伤降至最低,并产生较低微米范围内的粒径和均匀的粒径分布,从而能够通过皮下注射针进行皮下或肌肉注射。 [3] 微针贴片旨在将货物精确地输送到皮内空间,富含免疫细胞,提供一种非侵入性和自我适用的疫苗接种方法,无需皮下注射针头和训练有素的医务人员进行疫苗接种。 [4] NSI 的原因包括使用皮下注射针头、采血针头、静脉输液系统中的针头、诊断性抽吸程序中的针头以及介入或外科程序中的针头造成的伤害。 [5] 用于血液采集或药物输送的微针贴片的不熟练和无痛应用是微针阵列优于皮下注射针的两个优点。 [6] 无痛的自我给药装置提供了一种替代传统给药途径的方法,包括通过皮下注射针进行全身给药。 [7] 皮下注射针头、外用乳膏以及透皮贴剂更常用于药物的透皮给药。 [8] 作为皮下注射针的替代品,涂层聚合物微针 (MN) 能够在插入皮肤后将药物输送到皮下组织。 [9] 大多数疫苗,包括目前批准用于 COVID-19 的疫苗,都是使用皮下注射针进行肌肉内和皮下注射的。 [10] 皮下注射针(14 号)和透视用于定位两根克氏针以实现临时稳定,并使用空心钻头引导滑动孔和导向孔的钻孔。 [11] 这项研究旨在提高目前对通过皮下注射针进行液体注射的理解和局限性,但是,该结果也对其他技术有影响,例如在皮下形成液体气泡的皮内喷射注射。 [12] 无针喷射注射器 (NFJI) 是用于透皮给药的皮下注射针头的替代品之一。 [13] 为了评估电性能,使用六种特定浓度的氯化钠 (NaCl) 溶液制造和表征由皮下注射针制成的电极探针。 [14] 当前的注射器现在大多是批量生产的一次性塑料注射器,它们仍然带有用于血管内和皮下注射针头的 Lüer 接头,而特定的非 Lüer 连接器是为其他系统设计的。 [15] 尽管许多新设备已经为患者带来了相当大的益处,例如皮下注射针头和磁共振成像机,但由某些设备引起的重要不良事件,例如用于节育的植入设备和用于盆腔器官脱垂的外科网状植入物,已导致呼吁重新审查此类产品的监管体系。 [16] 通常,使用皮下注射针头和注射器进行注射。 [17] 带有柳叶刀尖端轮廓的不锈钢 (SS) 皮下注射针头在皮下和肌肉注射中无处不在。 [18] 微针 (MN) 作为皮下注射针的潜在替代系统,可以从微创和自我给药中受益。 [19] 我们试图了解用于填充物的皮下注射针头的制造、质量控制过程和针头选择。 [20] 空心微针长度较短,但与皮下注射针相似,并具有用于输注药物液体制剂的孔。 [21] 我们假设,与现代环境中的已知威胁(手枪和皮下注射针头)相比,控制对反复出现的祖先威胁(蛇和蜘蛛)的反应的更多皮质下和预接线机制将受到这种药物的更大影响。 [22] 可以替换皮下注射针以确保临时经骨固定。 [23] 背景:针刺伤 (NSI) 是由针头引起的伤害,例如皮下注射针、采血针、静脉管心针和用于连接静脉输送系统部件的针头。 [24] 常见的病例有皮下针刺、扭伤、腰痛等感染。 [25] 最广泛使用的药物透皮给药方法是皮下注射针、外用乳膏和透皮贴剂。 [26] 因此,进行这项研究的目的是比较男性和女性在用皮下注射针刺伤后所感受到的疼痛和症状的任何差异。 [27] 作为皮下注射针和非生物聚合物微针的可操作替代品,与传统工具相比,它们提供了过多的优势和易于给药。 [28] 皮下注射针头,只有大约 25 毫米长。 [29] 4 HIV 主要通过无保护的性交(包括肛交和口交)、受感染的输血、皮下注射针头以及在怀孕、分娩或哺乳期间从母婴传播。 [30] 近年来,人类垃圾,如食物垃圾、尿布、建筑材料、废机油、皮下注射针头等,对现代城市的环境和生活质量造成了越来越多的问题。 [31] 57 mm (24 G) 皮下注射针头,并密封针头末端。 [32] 皮下注射针 [18G 到 26G,其中 G 是规格],用于测量 NF 的大小。 [33] 识别 FPL 肌腱并用皮下注射针将其固定在前臂远端以及拇指掌指 (MP) 关节的软组织上。 [34] 针刺伤 (NSI) 是由针头引起的伤害,例如皮下注射针、采血针、静脉管心针和用于连接静脉输液系统部件的针头 1。 [35]
Conventional Hypodermic Needles 常规皮下注射针
Treatment of neovascular ocular diseases involves intravitreal injections of therapeutic proteins using conventional hypodermic needles every 4-6 weeks. [1] Conventional hypodermic needles-based intraocular injections are clinically employed to overcome these barriers. [2] The technique described in this manuscript was used to assess the injection performance of conventional hypodermic needles and hollow microneedles ex vivo using porcine skin and in vivo with a rat model. [3]新生血管性眼部疾病的治疗包括每 4-6 周使用常规皮下注射针向玻璃体内注射治疗性蛋白质。 [1] 临床上采用传统的基于皮下注射针的眼内注射来克服这些障碍。 [2] 本手稿中描述的技术用于评估常规皮下注射针和空心微针在体外使用猪皮肤和在体内与大鼠模型的注射性能。 [3]
Use Hypodermic Needles
So, this study evaluated the fragmentation rates induced by single-use hypodermic needles using different angled penetration techniques. [1] The objective of this study was to determine the utility of single-use hypodermic needles and reproductive examination sleeves in reducing the transmission of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in dairy herds. [2]因此,本研究评估了使用不同角度穿刺技术的一次性皮下注射针头引起的碎裂率。 [1] 本研究的目的是确定一次性皮下注射针头和生殖检查套管在减少奶牛群中牛白血病病毒 (BLV) 传播方面的效用。 [2]