Gold Deposition(黄金沉积)研究综述
Gold Deposition 黄金沉积 - The oscillatory zoning of Py2 with the highest gold contents consists of alternating gold-rich and gold-poor laminae, indicating that fault-valve activity is a trigger of gold deposition. [1] The issues of geochemical specialization of the Paleozoic strata of the Chakylkalyan megablock are considered, the most favorable stratolevel for the localization of mineralized zones is determined, and the features of carbonate rocks in the process of gold deposition during reactions with silicic solutions are characterized. [2] The ages of Carlin-type gold deposits in the Golden Triangle of South China have long been questioned due to the general lack of minerals unequivocally linked to gold deposition that can be precisely dated using conventional radiogenic isotope techniques. [3] With 120 s of gold deposition under peptide-free conditions, 10,000 cells/chip were detectable within a linear range of 10,000–500,000 cells. [4] Compared to the control group, 1 h or 4 h of experiencing whole-body hyperthermia resulted in an average increase of 51% or 67% in the gold deposition in tumors, respectively. [5] Thermal evaporator is employed for pure chromium and gold deposition on COP substrate and etchants are used to form the interdigitated electrodes. [6] The electrochemical reduction reaction of thiocarbamide compounds results in the formation of neutral thiocarbamide molecules, it might be the reason for gold deposition in a metallic form on the surface of the carbon sorbent. [7] A relationship between the gold particle size, depending on the method of gold deposition, and the effectiveness of glucose oxidation to gluconic acid, expressed by glucose conversion and the selectivity to gluconic acid, was observed. [8] Precambrian metamorphic rocks and Mesozoic granite represent the main host rocks for these deposits, but gold deposition (∼120 Ma) is significantly younger and it remains unclear whether some of the metal is sourced from the local country rock to these mineral systems. [9] The consistent small positive ∆ 33 S sulfur isotope signature may support that the Archean orogenic gold system sourced sulfur and possibly hydrothermal fluids from a mantle/magmatic dominated source that homogenized with crustal sulfur at depth prior to gold deposition. [10] Gold deposition as native gold or electrum occurred when an intense fluid circulation of metamorphic CO2-H2O rich fluids underwent significant decompression from lithostatic to hydrostatic pressures at temperatures decreasing from 400 to 430 °C at around 8 km depth down to 300 °C. [11] The size of the gold particles depends on the pre-treatment of the titanium–silica support before gold deposition, with larger titanium structures hosting larger gold particles. [12] Gold deposition on rotating disk electrodes, Bi3+ adsorption on planar Au films and superconformal Au filling of trenches up to 45 μm deep are examined in Bi3+-containing Na3Au(SO3)2 electrolytes with pH between 9. [13] Gold deposition and then lithography etching of 34 channel contact-electrodes and their interconnects were fabricated in the second step. [14] Prior to gold deposition, the grown nanorods were 30–50 nm in diameter and 500–600 nm in length. [15] The spatial analysis on the Zhaoping fault reveals that the most probable locations for gold deposition were determined to be in segments of the Zhaoping fault with a slope of 20° to 40°, dip angle changes of −5°, and undulation of near 0 m. [16] Fluid focusing and gold deposition during the Ediacaran were promoted by contrasting lithological and rheological properties at the granite-ophiolites contacts. [17] The dataset includes 58 records of metallic samples with surfaces finished by mechanical or chemical polishing, turning, sand blasting, abrading, etching and gold deposition. [18] Finally, the gold deposition is younger than this silicification according to textural criteria. [19] Our study suggests that the fluid boiling and accompanying decrease in the solubility of gold-bisulfide complex played an important role in gold deposition at the Khoun Puc and Lang Vai deposits. [20] Through a process of gold deposition, it was possible to eliminate the initial burst release observed in PEDOT-Dex and maintain a stable, stepwise increase in Dex elution over 7 days. [21] The distribution of the large deposits along the western edge of the Agnew granitic complex indicates that the extensional shear along the granite contact is a first-order control on gold deposition by providing a conduit for rising hydrothermal fluids. [22] Gold deposition in the EGT was episodic, occurring over a prolonged period during extension and compression. [23] Cutaneous chrysiasis is gold deposition in the dermis, described after parenteral administration of gold salts or after topical exposure to gold‐containing materials. [24] The database includes samples with surfaces finished by mechanical or chemical polishing, fine turning, sand blasting, abrading, etching and gold deposition and covers to some extent effects of material purity and surface aging. [25] In view of the repulsive force, compared to the uncoated silicon surface, it was found that both silver and gold depositions with different thicknesses caused increased surface repulsive force, or reduced adhesion force. [26] However, the conventional impedance-based immunosensors rely on dedicated electrochemical measurement interface which involves expensive fabrication procedures such as gold deposition and photolithography. [27] Graphene based three-layer compound film on the silicon substrate is formed by gold deposition of electron beam evaporation (EBE) and graphene transfer. [28] The properties of small cerium oxide and gold-cerium oxide clusters were explored as analogues for gold deposition at defect sites on a cerium oxide surface. [29] Pre-existing fractures and breccia then served as ideal conduits for fluid flow, accumulation, and gold deposition. [30] This conclusion was drawn from data compiled from chemical analysis of field samples, laboratory testing of gold deposition on natural pyrite crystals, as well as theoretical calculations. [31] Optimization of gold deposition in terms of plating solution concentration and deposition time during MACE is studied for effective through etching. [32] This paper mainly discusses electrodeposition of gold from iodine leaching solution through single-factor testing and explores the influence of gold concentration in catholyte, mass fraction of iodine in anolyte, anolyte n(I2):n(I−), cell voltage, and electrolysis time on the percentage of gold deposition and coulombic efficiency. [33] The bacterial particles act as a type of template for gold deposition. [34] The enhancement might come from the increase of the strength and amount of strong basic sites after gold deposition. [35] Before thermal cycling, the average force obtained in shear tests was 1131 N with copper deposition and 499 N with gold deposition. [36] Compared with the previously-reported molybdenite Re-Os and sphalerite Rb-Sr isochron ages, our monazite U-Th-Pb result suggests that the gold deposition was broadly coeval with the formation of molybdenite but probably prior to the local Pb-Zn-Ag mineralization at Beiya. [37] In this case, the lower stability of the AuHS° complex at low ƒO2 (buffered by fayalite, magnetite, and quartz) results in gold deposition at > 250 °C with early bornite and chalcopyrite and before sphalerite and silver, producing a high-temperature Cu–Au assemblage. [38] The main findings are as follows: (1) Three hydrothermal metallogenic stages are identified: Quartz–pyrite, quartz–polymetallic sulfide, and quartz–carbonate stages; (2) three types of primary FIs are recognized: CO2-aqueous (type I), pure CO2 (type II), and aqueous FIs (type III); (3) ore-forming fluids are characterized by medium–low temperatures, medium–low salinity, and H2O-CO2-NaCl ± CH4 system; (4) H-O isotopes indicate that the ore-forming fluids mainly have a magmatic origin and late-stage ore fluids mixed with meteoric water; (5) S isotopes further confirm that the sulfides most likely have a deep magma source with variation caused by changes in oxygen fugacity; and (6) fluid immiscibility and water–rock interactions are considered to be the two main mechanisms of gold deposition. [39] Gold deposition is primarily contained within stage-II. [40] According to the mineral assemblage and replacement relationship in all types of host rocks, two reactions show general control on gold deposition: (1) replacement of earlier magnetite by pyrite and carbonaceous material; (2) alteration of biotite and phlogopite phenocrysts in quartz porphyry and lamprophyre into dolomite/ankerite and sericite. [41] 1790 Ma, which provides a minimum age for gold deposition. [42] Water–rock sulfidation and pressure fluctuations, with associated fluid unmixing and other chemical changes, were the two main mechanisms of gold deposition. [43] Fluid mixing and fluid immiscibility probably led to gold deposition in the Fancha deposit. [44] Carbon aerogel fiber-paper based electrodes were subjected to nitric acid treatment and gold deposition in this study of capacitive deionization (CDI) experiments. [45] Gold deposition at higher substrate temperatures results in the formation of octagonal nanostructures composed of an AuGa 2 alloy. [46]Py2中金含量最高的震荡带由富金和贫金纹层交替组成，表明断层阀活动是金沉积的触发因素。 [1] 考虑Chakylkalyan特大区块古生界地层的地球化学特化问题，确定了最有利于矿化带定位的层位，表征了碳酸盐岩与硅溶液反应成金过程中的特征。 [2] 长期以来，由于普遍缺乏与金沉积明确相关的矿物，而华南金三角的卡林型金矿床的年龄一直受到质疑，而这些矿物可以使用传统的放射性同位素技术进行精确测年。 [3] 在无肽条件下进行 120 秒的金沉积，在 10,000–500,000 个细胞的线性范围内可检测到 10,000 个细胞/芯片。 [4] 与对照组相比，全身热疗 1 小时或 4 小时后，肿瘤中的金沉积量平均分别增加了 51% 和 67%。 [5] 热蒸发器用于在 COP 基板上沉积纯铬和金，并使用蚀刻剂形成叉指电极。 [6] 硫脲化合物的电化学还原反应导致形成中性硫脲分子，这可能是金以金属形式沉积在碳吸附剂表面的原因。 [7] 观察到金颗粒大小（取决于金沉积方法）与葡萄糖氧化成葡萄糖酸的有效性（以葡萄糖转化率和对葡萄糖酸的选择性表示）之间的关系。 [8] 前寒武纪变质岩和中生代花岗岩是这些矿床的主要宿主岩，但金沉积（~120 Ma）明显较年轻，部分金属是否来自当地的围岩到这些矿物系统尚不清楚。 [9] 一致的小正 Δ 33 S 硫同位素特征可能支持太古宙造山带金系统来源于地幔/岩浆主导来源的硫和可能的热液流体，在金沉积之前在深度与地壳硫均质化。 [10] 当富含 CO2-H2O 的变质流体的强烈流体循环在温度从 400 到 430°C 在约 8 公里深度下降到 300°C 时经历从岩石静压到静水压的显着减压时，就会发生作为原生金或金银矿的金沉积。 [11] 金颗粒的大小取决于金沉积前钛-二氧化硅载体的预处理，较大的钛结构承载较大的金颗粒。 [12] 在 pH 值介于 9 的含 Bi3+ 的 Na3Au(SO3)2 电解质中，研究了旋转圆盘电极上的金沉积、平面 Au 薄膜上的 Bi3+ 吸附以及深达 45 μm 的沟槽的超共形 Au 填充。 [13] 在第二步中制造金沉积，然后对 34 个通道接触电极及其互连进行光刻蚀刻。 [14] 在金沉积之前，生长的纳米棒的直径为 30-50 nm，长度为 500-600 nm。 [15] 昭坪断裂空间分析表明，最可能的金沉积位置在昭坪断裂段，坡度为20°～40°，倾角变化-5°，起伏近0m . [16] 通过对比花岗岩-蛇绿岩接触处的岩性和流变特性，促进了埃迪卡拉纪期间的流体聚焦和金沉积。 [17] 该数据集包括 58 条金属样品记录，其表面经过机械或化学抛光、车削、喷砂、 研磨、蚀刻和金沉积。 [18] 最后，根据结构标准，金沉积比这种硅化更年轻。 [19] 我们的研究表明，流体沸腾和伴随的金-二硫化物配合物溶解度的降低在 Khoun Puc 和 Lang Vai 矿床的金沉积中发挥了重要作用。 [20] 通过金沉积过程，可以消除在 PEDOT-Dex 中观察到的初始爆发释放，并在 7 天内保持 Dex 洗脱稳定、逐步增加。 [21] 沿阿格纽花岗岩杂岩体西部边缘的大型矿床分布表明，沿花岗岩接触面的拉伸剪切是通过为上升的热液流体提供管道来对金沉积的一级控制。 [22] EGT 中的金沉积是偶发性的，在拉伸和压缩过程中发生较长时间。 [23] 皮肤chrysiasis是真皮中的金沉积，在肠胃外给予金盐或局部暴露于含金材料后描述。 [24] 该数据库包括表面经过机械或化学抛光、精车、喷砂、研磨、蚀刻和镀金处理的样品，并在一定程度上涵盖了材料纯度和表面老化的影响。 [25] 从排斥力的角度来看，与未涂覆的硅表面相比，发现不同厚度的银和金沉积都会导致表面排斥力增加，或粘附力降低。 [26] 然而，传统的基于阻抗的免疫传感器依赖于专用的电化学测量接口，这涉及昂贵的制造程序，如金沉积和光刻。 [27] 通过电子束蒸发（EBE）和石墨烯转移的金沉积形成硅衬底上的石墨烯基三层复合膜。 [28] 研究了小氧化铈和金-氧化铈簇的性质，作为在氧化铈表面缺陷部位的金沉积的类似物。 [29] 然后，预先存在的裂缝和角砾岩成为流体流动、聚集和金沉积的理想管道。 [30] 这一结论是根据现场样品的化学分析、天然黄铁矿晶体上金沉积的实验室测试以及理论计算得出的数据。 [31] 研究了 MACE 期间在镀液浓度和沉积时间方面的金沉积优化，以实现有效的穿透蚀刻。 [32] 本文主要讨论了通过单因素测试从碘浸出液中电沉积金，并探讨了阴极液中金浓度、阳极液中碘的质量分数、阳极液 n(I2):n(I-)、电池电压和电解的影响。金沉积百分比和库仑效率的时间。 [33] 细菌颗粒充当金沉积的一种模板。 [34] 这种增强可能来自金沉积后强碱性位点的强度和数量的增加。 [35] 在热循环之前，剪切测试中获得的平均力为 1131 N（铜沉积）和 499 N（金沉积）。 [36] 与之前报道的辉钼矿 Re-Os 和闪锌矿 Rb-Sr 等时线年龄相比，我们的独居石 U-Th-Pb 结果表明金沉积与辉钼矿的形成大致同时发生，但可能早于局部 Pb-Zn-Ag北衙矿化。 [37] 在这种情况下，AuHS° 配合物在低 ƒO2 下的较低稳定性（由铁橄榄石、磁铁矿和石英缓冲）导致金在 > 250 °C 时沉积，早期斑铜矿和黄铜矿以及闪锌矿和银之前，产生高温铜-金组合。 [38] 主要发现如下： (1) 确定了三个热液成矿阶段：石英-黄铁矿、石英-多金属硫化物和石英-碳酸盐阶段； (2) 识别出三种初级FIs：CO2-aqueous（I型）、纯CO2（type II）和aqueous FIs（type III）； (3) 成矿流体为中低温、中低盐度、H2O-CO2-NaCl±CH4体系； (4) H-O同位素表明成矿流体主要有岩浆成因和晚期成矿流体与大气水混合； (5) S同位素进一步证实硫化物极有可能具有深部岩浆源，并因氧逸度变化而变化； (6) 流体不混溶性和水岩相互作用被认为是金沉积的两个主要机制。 [39] 金沉积主要包含在第二阶段。 [40] 根据各类围岩的矿物组合与置换关系，两种反应对金的沉积具有普遍的控制作用：（1）黄铁矿和碳质物质对早期磁铁矿的置换； (2) 石英斑岩和灯斑中的黑云母和金云母斑晶蚀变为白云石/铁白云石和绢云母。 [41] 1790 Ma，这为金沉积提供了最小年龄。 [42] 水岩硫化和压力波动，以及相关的流体分离和其他化学变化，是金沉积的两个主要机制。 [43] 流体混合和流体不混溶可能导致了番岔矿床的金沉积。 [44] 在这项电容去离子 (CDI) 实验研究中，碳气凝胶纤维纸基电极经过硝酸处理和金沉积。 [45] 在较高衬底温度下的金沉积导致形成由AuGa 2 合金组成的八角形纳米结构。 [46]
Native Gold Deposition 原生金沉积
Native gold deposition of stage II can be further subdivided into stages IIa and IIb. [1] Stage 1 led to pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, pyrrhotite, bismuthinite, tellurobismuthite, galenobismuthite, and native gold deposition with quartz, sericite/muscovite, chlorite, calcite, and ankerite as gangue minerals. [2] Abundant Py2 precipitation triggered native gold deposition due to desulfidation of the ore-forming fluid. [3]阶段 II 的原生金沉积可进一步细分为阶段 IIa 和 IIb。 [1] 阶段 1 导致黄铁矿、黄铜矿、闪锌矿、磁黄铁矿、铋矿、碲铋矿、方铅铋矿和天然金沉积，其中石英、绢云母/白云母、绿泥石、方解石和铁白云石作为脉石矿物。 [2] 由于成矿流体脱硫，丰富的 Py2 沉淀引发原生金沉积。 [3]
Electroles Gold Deposition 电镀金沉积
Next, a spontaneous electroless gold deposition process is employed to attach gold (typically 10- to 35-nm diameter) to the nano-palladium in PIM-EA-TB to give an order of magnitude enhanced production of H2O2 with high yields even at higher HCOOH concentration (suppressing hydrogen evolution). [1] In this study, we probe the surface's morphology of electroless gold deposition for optimum enhancement using two different types of immobilization adapted to two proteins. [2]接下来，采用自发化学镀金沉积工艺将金（通常直径为 10 至 35 纳米）附着到 PIM-EA-TB 中的纳米钯上，以提高一个数量级的 H2O2 产量，即使在更高的产量下也具有高产率。 HCOOH 浓度（抑制析氢）。 [1] 在这项研究中，我们使用适用于两种蛋白质的两种不同类型的固定来探索化学镀金沉积的表面形态以实现最佳增强。 [2]
gold deposition method
In this paper, we present a hybrid gold deposition method to monitor thin depositions in real time though the inherent properties of the spectra. [1] Moreover, three different gold deposition methods, namely, a photoreduction method (PR), the Turkevich method (TK) and a combination of both methods (CM), were applied to decorate the formed flower-like structures with gold nanoparticles (GNPs). [2]在本文中，我们提出了一种混合金沉积方法，通过光谱的固有特性实时监测薄沉积。 [1] 此外，三种不同的金沉积方法，即光还原法（PR）、Turkevich 法（TK）和两种方法的组合（CM），被应用于用金纳米粒子（GNP）装饰形成的花状结构。 [2]
gold deposition site
This is a result of fluid-rock exchange during fluid flow to gold deposition site. [1] The results showed that controlling the dimensions of the pores in the developed Pd i-LROCs is important in the formation of gold deposition sites on the uniform structures through the GR reaction process. [2]这是流体流向金沉积地点期间流体-岩石交换的结果。 [1] 结果表明，控制已开发的 Pd i-LROCs 中孔的尺寸对于通过 GR 反应过程在均匀结构上形成金沉积位点很重要。 [2]