Antibacterial Spectrum(抗菌谱)研究综述
Antibacterial Spectrum 抗菌谱 - We identified the chemical composition of pomegranate peel polyphenols (PPPs) and expanded their antibacterial spectrum by adding a new member R. [1] In this study, an N-terminal peptide, BO18 (with 18 amino acids), derived from rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) BPI, was synthesized and investigated for its antibacterial spectrum, action mechanism, immunoregulatory property as well as the inhibition effects on bacterial invasion and human colon cancer cells growth. [2] 4 mg/mL, respectively, and its antibacterial spectrum was much broader than phage qdvp001. [3] Triphenyl-sesquineolignans from Illicium genus possess antibacterial activity, but few researches have reported their antibacterial spectrums, structure-activity relationships (SARs) and antibacterial mechanism. [4] An attempt was made, to characterize natural antibiotics or lantibiotics from unconventional sources and its antibacterial spectrum against food borne pathogens and drug resistant bacteria. [5] Besides, the combination of several antibacterial agents with different susceptibilities will cover a wide range of antibacterial spectrum. [6] Thus, the antibacterial spectrum of rifampicin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin could be extended to include also these Gram-negative bacteria. [7] In this study, we aimed to describe the antibacterial spectrum of LyeTx I mnΔK, a short synthetic peptide based on LyeTx I from Lycosa erythrognatha venom, against CRAB. [8] The antibacterial spectrum of ceftazidime-avibactam covers 95% of P. [9] Nanofiber antibacterial materials are the most widely used materials due to their antibacterial spectrum and persistence. [10] Although each AGP modulated the gut microbiota differently, the closer the antibacterial spectrum of AGPs, the more similarly the microbiota was regulated. [11] In this work we have carried out a structure-activity relationship analysis to elucidate the molecular and physicochemical bases that determine the antibacterial activity and the orientation of the antibacterial spectrum of penicillins, employing a set of bacteria that cause common infections. [12] Furthermore, our data indicate that the ROS type and yield as well as the localization of the applied PS protein can strongly influence the antibacterial spectrum and efficacy. [13] The most active enterocins were produced by enterococci isolates from Hatay cow cheese due to their antibacterial spectrum on pathogenic bacteria used in this study. [14] The antibacterial spectrum of synthesized compounds was determined against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Agrobacterium tumefaction and Proteus vulgaris). [15] Here, we report the subcellular localization and the antibacterial spectrum of crusFpau, a Type IIa crustin from the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis. [16] Aim: To explore the antibacterial spectrum of ozenoxacin and compare its in vitro activity with that of other antibacterial agents. [17] In addition, 3‐[4‐amino‐6‐(phenethylamino)‐2,5‐dihydro‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)‐6‐[(3‐chlorobenzyl)oxy]quinolin‐2‐ol (8a) showed potent inhibitory activity (MIC=2 μg/mL) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2742, indicating that its antibacterial spectrum is similar to those of the positive controls gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin. [18] Through determining their antibacterial spectrum, we found that SLAY peptide 1/2 displayed moderate bactericidal activity against Enterococcus with MIC value of 2-8 μg/mL. [19]我们确定了石榴皮多酚 (PPPs) 的化学成分，并通过添加新成员 R 扩展了它们的抗菌谱。 [1] 本研究合成了一种来源于岩鲷（Oplegnathus fasciatus）BPI的N端肽BO18（含18个氨基酸），并对其抗菌谱、作用机制、免疫调节特性以及对细菌的抑制作用进行了研究。侵袭和人结肠癌细胞的生长。 [2] 分别为 4 mg/mL，其抗菌谱比噬菌体 qdvp001 广得多。 [3] 八角属三苯倍半木脂素具有抗菌活性，但鲜有研究报道其抗菌谱、构效关系（SARs）和抗菌机制。 [4] 尝试对来自非常规来源的天然抗生素或羊毛硫抗生素及其对食源性病原体和耐药菌的抗菌谱进行表征。 [5] 此外，几种具有不同敏感性的抗菌剂的组合将覆盖广泛的抗菌谱。 [6] 因此，利福平、克拉霉素和阿奇霉素的抗菌谱可以扩展到包括这些革兰氏阴性菌。 [7] 在这项研究中，我们旨在描述 LyeTx I mnΔK 的抗菌谱，这是一种基于 Lycosa erythrognatha 毒液中的 LyeTx I 的短合成肽，对 CRAB 的抗菌谱。 [8] 头孢他啶-阿维巴坦的抗菌谱覆盖了 95% 的 P. [9] 纳米纤维抗菌材料因其抗菌谱和持久性而成为应用最广泛的材料。 [10] 虽然每种 AGP 对肠道微生物群的调节不同，但 AGP 的抗菌谱越接近，微生物群的调节就越相似。 [11] 在这项工作中，我们使用一组引起常见感染的细菌，进行了构效关系分析，以阐明决定青霉素抗菌活性和抗菌谱方向的分子和物理化学基础。 [12] 此外，我们的数据表明，活性氧的类型和产量以及应用的 PS 蛋白的定位可以强烈影响抗菌谱和功效。 [13] 最活跃的肠霉素是由从哈塔伊牛奶酪中分离出来的肠球菌产生的，因为它们对本研究中使用的病原菌具有抗菌谱。 [14] 合成化合物的抗菌谱是针对革兰氏阳性菌（金黄色葡萄球菌）和革兰氏阴性菌（Agrobacterium tumefaction 和 Proteus vulgaris）确定的。 [15] 在这里，我们报告了 crusFpau 的亚细胞定位和抗菌谱，crusFpau 是一种来自粉红虾 Farfantepenaeus paulensis 的 IIa 型壳蛋白。 [16] 目的：探索奥诺沙星的抗菌谱，并将其与其他抗菌药物的体外活性进行比较。 [17] 此外，3-[4-氨基-6-(苯乙氨基)-2,5-二氢-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)-6-[(3-氯苄基)氧基]喹啉-2-醇（8a）对铜绿假单胞菌2742表现出强效抑制活性（MIC=2 μg/mL），表明其抗菌谱与阳性对照加替沙星和莫西沙星相似。 [18] 通过测定其抗菌谱，我们发现SLAY肽1/2对肠球菌具有中等的杀菌活性，MIC值为2-8 μg/mL。 [19]
potentially new type 潜在的新类型
Our research efforts are focused on synthetic heteroaromatic stilbene deriva-tives as they represent a potentially new type of antibiotic with a wide antibacterial spectrum. [1] Therefore, significant research efforts are focused on alkaloids because they represent a potentially new type of natural antibiotic with a wide antibacterial spectrum, rare adverse reactions, and a low tendency to produce drug resistance. [2] Our research efforts are focused on synthetic heteroaromatic stilbene derivatives as they represent a potentially new type of antibiotic with a wide antibacterial spectrum. [3]我们的研究工作集中在合成杂芳族二苯乙烯衍生物上，因为它们代表了一种具有广泛抗菌谱的潜在新型抗生素。 [1] 因此，大量的研究工作集中在生物碱上，因为它们代表了一种潜在的新型天然抗生素，具有抗菌谱广、不良反应少、产生耐药性的倾向低。 [2] nan [3]
Broad Antibacterial Spectrum 广谱抗菌
Compound 6d, which exhibited broad antibacterial spectrum, was found to be the most active with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 1-2 μg/mL against Gram-positive bacteria and 8-16 μg/mL against Gram-negative bacteria. [1] The enhanced antibacterial activity, broad antibacterial spectrum of desotamides A4 and A6 highlighted their potential as new antibiotic leads for further development. [2] These four antibacterial compounds from yeasts in koumiss had broad antibacterial spectrum. [3] α-Defensin 5 has a particularly broad antibacterial spectrum; it eliminates pathogenic microorganisms and regulates intestinal flora. [4] Therefore, it is of great significance to look for green antibiotics with a wide range of sources, broad antibacterial spectrum, non-toxicity or low toxicity, environmentally friendliness, diverse active components and low drug resistance. [5] In addition, the enzyme shows a broad antibacterial spectrum against G-ve bacteria, a decent tolerance to serum, and a prolonged storage life. [6] In summary, metacycloprodigiosin exhibited strong antibacterial activity and a broad antibacterial spectrum, and thus is a promising compound for the development of a new type of antibacterial drug. [7] Fluoroquinolones (FQ) remain one of the most important kind of antibiotics and have a wider clinical use and broad antibacterial spectrum. [8] Further research also suggested that 13d showed low cytotoxicity to human normal cells HEK-293 and L02, strong synergistic effects with kanamycin or chloramphenicol and a broad antibacterial spectrum including against multidrug-resistant strains. [9] 2, which shows that wood vinegar extract exhibits a broad antibacterial spectrum. [10] The materials demonstrated advantages in terms of broad antibacterial spectrum, biofilm inhibition, and the absence of acute toxicity for biomedical applications. [11] NIR-triggered antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) by virtue of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) as energy donor exhibits the advantages of high tissue penetration, broad antibacterial spectrum and less acquired resistance, but is still limited by its low efficacy. [12] HA is a safe and economical disinfectant with a broad antibacterial spectrum and low risk of hand irritation, which is used worldwide. [13] Liquid growth inhibition results showed recombinant Lc‐P5L (rLc‐P5L) had broad antibacterial spectrum and strong bactericidal activity. [14] The result indicates that BbMomL has a broad antibacterial spectrum. [15] pastoris-derived recombinant Hispidalin (rHispidalin) showed a broad antibacterial spectrum against five pathogenic bacteria of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive. [16] Silver is considered promising in medical devices to prevent infection due to its excellent properties of broad antibacterial spectrum and persistent antibacterial activity. [17] Drugs belonging to the quinolone compounds are characterized by a quicker biological activity and a broad antibacterial spectrum [1–4]. [18] Photodynamic antibacterial therapy (PDAT), an old-fashioned technique, has been rejuvenated to combat "superbugs" and biofilm-associated infections owing to its excellent characteristics of noninvasiveness and broad antibacterial spectrum. [19] Background: Berberine (BBR) is a pharmaceutical chemical with a broad antibacterial spectrum, and its biological treatment has been of research and practical interest. [20] The prepared anti‐biofouling adsorbents display broad antibacterial spectrum and show more than 80% inhibition to the growth of marine bacteria. [21] The avian beta-defensin AvBD7 isolated from the chicken bone marrow possess broad antibacterial spectrum and strong resistance to proteolysis. [22] Background A promising approach to treat infected chronic wounds is the treatment with “cold” atmospheric plasma (CAP) that has a broad antibacterial spectrum and can enhance microcirculation. [23] Ceftobiprole is a fifth-generation cephalosporin approved for the treatment of pneumonia, with a broad antibacterial spectrum, including potent activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. [24]化合物 6d 表现出广泛的抗菌谱，被发现是最活跃的，对革兰氏阳性菌的最低抑菌浓度 (MIC) 为 1-2 μg/mL，对革兰氏阴性菌的最低抑菌浓度 (MIC) 为 8-16 μg/mL。 [1] 去索胺 A4 和 A6 增强的抗菌活性、广谱抗菌谱突出了它们作为新抗生素的潜力，可进一步开发。 [2] nan [3] nan [4] nan [5] nan [6] nan [7] nan [8] nan [9] nan [10] nan [11] nan [12] nan [13] 液体生长抑制结果表明重组Lc-P5L（rLc-P5L）具有广谱抗菌谱和强杀菌活性。 [14] 结果表明BbMomL具有广谱抗菌谱。 [15] 巴斯德衍生的重组 Hispidalin (rHispidalin) 对革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性的五种病原菌具有广泛的抗菌谱。 [16] 由于银具有广泛的抗菌谱和持久的抗菌活性，因此在医疗器械中被认为有希望预防感染。 [17] 属于喹诺酮类化合物的药物具有生物活性快、抗菌谱广的特点[1-4]。 [18] 光动力抗菌治疗 (PDAT) 是一种老式技术，由于其无创性和广谱抗菌性的优良特性，已被重新用于对抗“超级细菌”和生物膜相关感染。 [19] 背景：小檗碱（BBR）是一种具有广泛抗菌谱的药物化学品，其生物处理一直具有研究和实际意义。 [20] 所制备的抗生物污损吸附剂具有广泛的抗菌谱，对海洋细菌的生长有 80% 以上的抑制作用。 [21] 从鸡骨髓中分离得到的禽β-防御素AvBD7具有广谱抗菌和强抗蛋白水解作用。 [22] 背景 治疗感染的慢性伤口的一种有前途的方法是使用“冷”大气等离子体 (CAP) 进行治疗，该等离子体具有广泛的抗菌谱并可以增强微循环。 [23] Ceftobiprole 是批准用于治疗肺炎的第五代头孢菌素，具有广泛的抗菌谱，包括对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的强效活性。 [24]
Wide Antibacterial Spectrum 广谱抗菌
Our research efforts are focused on synthetic heteroaromatic stilbene deriva-tives as they represent a potentially new type of antibiotic with a wide antibacterial spectrum. [1] Meanwhile, silver (Ag) exhibits excellent antibacterial properties across a wide antibacterial spectrum. [2] Therefore, significant research efforts are focused on alkaloids because they represent a potentially new type of natural antibiotic with a wide antibacterial spectrum, rare adverse reactions, and a low tendency to produce drug resistance. [3] e-poly-L-lysine (e-PL) is a novel biopreservative with wide antibacterial spectrum, high safety, and stable property. [4] Furthermore, the cell wall hydrolase (termed endolysin) from phage PAJD-1 exhibited a strong bacteriolytic and a wide antibacterial spectrum against MDR P. [5] Our research efforts are focused on synthetic heteroaromatic stilbene derivatives as they represent a potentially new type of antibiotic with a wide antibacterial spectrum. [6] Nonetheless, antibiotics due to their wide antibacterial spectrum also can reach beneficial gut bacteria, such as Lactobacillus. [7] Cephalosporins have been widely used in clinical practice due to their advantages, such as a wide antibacterial spectrum, strong antibacterial effect, high clinical efficacy and few adverse reactions. [8] Ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin with a wide antibacterial spectrum and effective antibacterial action, is one of the most common drugs causing DIIHA. [9] The microbicidal effect is mainly due to silver ions, which have a wide antibacterial spectrum. [10] Both are excellent antimicrobials with wide antibacterial spectrums, and levofloxacin is the world’s first optically active fluoroquinolone. [11]我们的研究工作集中在合成杂芳族二苯乙烯衍生物上，因为它们代表了一种具有广泛抗菌谱的潜在新型抗生素。 [1] 同时，银 (Ag) 在广泛的抗菌谱中表现出优异的抗菌性能。 [2] 因此，大量的研究工作集中在生物碱上，因为它们代表了一种潜在的新型天然抗生素，具有抗菌谱广、不良反应少、产生耐药性的倾向低。 [3] nan [4] nan [5] nan [6] 尽管如此，抗生素由于其广泛的抗菌谱也可以到达有益的肠道细菌，例如乳酸杆菌。 [7] 头孢菌素因其抗菌谱广、抗菌作用强、临床疗效高、不良反应少等优点而被广泛应用于临床。 [8] 头孢曲松是第三代头孢菌素，抗菌谱广，抗菌作用有效，是最常见的引起DIIHA的药物之一。 [9] 杀菌作用主要是由于银离子具有广泛的抗菌谱。 [10] 两者都是抗菌谱广的优秀抗菌剂，左氧氟沙星是世界上第一个具有光学活性的氟喹诺酮类药物。 [11]
Narrow Antibacterial Spectrum 窄抗菌谱
More future research needs to be done to solve the problems of phage therapy, for example, its narrow antibacterial spectrum, the uncertainty regarding treatment safety, and the bacterial resistance. [1] Still, their narrow antibacterial spectrum hinders their wide clinical applications. [2] The narrow antibacterial spectrum of phenylthiazole antibiotics was expanded by replacing the central thiazole with a pyrazole ring while maintaining its other pharmacophoric features. [3] The narrow antibacterial spectrum of phenylthiazole antibiotics was expanded by replacing the central thiazole with a pyrazole ring while maintaining its other pharmacophoric features. [4] They have a narrow antibacterial spectrum, which is mainly against Gram-negative pathogens. [5] It has a narrow antibacterial spectrum against other thermophilic bacteria. [6] Non-antibiotic small molecule-modified gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) show great potential as an alternative of commercialized antibiotics, yet their narrow antibacterial spectrum hinders the wide application in clinics. [7]未来需要做更多的研究来解决噬菌体治疗的问题，例如其窄的抗菌谱，治疗安全性的不确定性以及细菌耐药性。 [1] 尽管如此，它们狭窄的抗菌谱阻碍了它们广泛的临床应用。 [2] 通过用吡唑环取代中心噻唑，同时保持其其他药效团特征，扩大了苯基噻唑抗生素的窄抗菌谱。 [3] 通过用吡唑环取代中心噻唑，同时保持其其他药效团特征，扩大了苯基噻唑抗生素的窄抗菌谱。 [4] 它们的抗菌谱很窄，主要针对革兰氏阴性病原体。 [5] 它对其他嗜热细菌具有较窄的抗菌谱。 [6] 非抗生素小分子修饰金纳米粒子（Au NPs）显示出作为商业化抗生素替代品的巨大潜力，但其狭窄的抗菌谱阻碍了其在临床中的广泛应用。 [7]
Broader Antibacterial Spectrum 更广泛的抗菌谱
Regarding the antibacterial potential, the extracts expressed broader antibacterial spectrum against Bacillus cereus (ATCC®11778™), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC®19659™), Escherichia coli (ATCC®10536™), klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC®10031™), Listeria innocua (ATCC®33090™), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC®19115™), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC®9027™), salmonella enterica (ATCC®15479™) and Salmonella typhimurium)ATCC®14028™(strains. [1] Compounds 2 and 3 showed broader antibacterial spectrum against both G(+) and G(-) bacteria. [2] Taken together, these differences provide an explanation of the greater potency and broader antibacterial spectrum of activity of temporin L over aurein 2. [3]关于抗菌潜力，提取物对蜡状芽孢杆菌 (ATCC®11778™)、枯草芽孢杆菌 (ATCC®19659™)、大肠杆菌 (ATCC®10536™)、肺炎克雷伯菌 (ATCC®10031™)、无害李斯特菌表现出更广的抗菌谱(ATCC®33090™)、单核细胞增生李斯特菌 (ATCC®19115™)、铜绿假单胞菌 (ATCC®9027™)、肠沙门氏菌 (ATCC®15479™) 和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌)ATCC®14028™（菌株。 [1] 化合物 2 和 3 对 G(+) 和 G(-) 细菌表现出更广泛的抗菌谱。 [2] 总而言之，这些差异解释了 temporin L 比 aurein 2 更强的效力和更广泛的抗菌谱。 [3]
Enhanced Antibacterial Spectrum
Among the synthetic analogs, d-enantiomeric bactenecin conjugated to capric acid, which we named dBacK-(cap), exhibited a significantly enhanced antibacterial spectrum with MIC values ranging from 1 to 8 μM against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including some drug-resistant bacteria. [1] Cephalosporin represents the bulk majority of antibiotic production due to its enhanced antibacterial spectrum against gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains relating to diseases and infections in the skin, respiratory system, and urinary tract. [2]在合成类似物中，d-对映体细菌素与癸酸结合，我们将其命名为 dBacK-(cap)，其抗菌谱显着增强，对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌的 MIC 值范围为 1 至 8μM，包括一些耐药菌。 [1] 头孢菌素代表了大部分抗生素生产，因为它增强了对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性菌株的抗菌谱，这些菌株与皮肤、呼吸系统和泌尿道的疾病和感染有关。 [2]
antibacterial spectrum hinder
Still, their narrow antibacterial spectrum hinders their wide clinical applications. [1] Non-antibiotic small molecule-modified gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) show great potential as an alternative of commercialized antibiotics, yet their narrow antibacterial spectrum hinders the wide application in clinics. [2]尽管如此，它们狭窄的抗菌谱阻碍了它们广泛的临床应用。 [1] 非抗生素小分子修饰金纳米粒子（Au NPs）显示出作为商业化抗生素替代品的巨大潜力，但其狭窄的抗菌谱阻碍了其在临床中的广泛应用。 [2]
antibacterial spectrum compared
The results showed that PMAP-36PW and PMAP-36PK had a broadened antibacterial spectrum compared to that of PMAP-36. [1] We summarized their structure–activity relationships and found that oxazolidinone‐based compounds exhibited a narrower antibacterial spectrum compared with threonine‐based compounds. [2]结果表明，与PMAP-36相比，PMAP-36PW和PMAP-36PK具有更宽的抗菌谱。 [1] 我们总结了它们的构效关系，发现与基于苏氨酸的化合物相比，基于恶唑烷酮的化合物表现出更窄的抗菌谱。 [2]