Introduction to Sea Fan

Modern sand known to be derived from different source rocks and found in major world's rivers, deserts, and deep-sea fans fits in the pigeonholes defined by the relative abundance of quartz, feldspar, and lithic fragments.

In this work, we investigated the molecular stable isotope compositions of hydrate-bound and dissolved gases in sediments of the Amazon deep-sea fan and adjacent continental slope, Foz do Amazonas Basin, Brazil.

The bamboo corals are often accompanied by cold-water gorgonian “sea fan” corals: Anthogorgia sp.

Using baited remote underwater videos (BRUVs), we quantified predator abundance and activity as a rough proxy for predation risk and analyzed key prey behaviors across coral reef, sea fan, seagrass, and sandy habitats.

Aspergillosis continues to be a significant infection resulting in morbidity and mortality in a variety of animal hosts, ranging from sea fans to elephants.

OCTA showed the typical "sea fan-shaped" neovascular membrane in all five eyes, whereas, in most cases, conventional imaging by FA and ICGA did not show clearly the neovascularization due to masking effect of the vitelliform material.

In contrast, periods of glacial maximum lowstand were characterized by massive exports of sediments to the deep-sea via submarine canyons and accumulation in deep-sea fans.

High amplitude seismic 20 reflectivity (HASR) imaged on an extensive 3D seismic dataset, consistently correlates with verified 21 active seafloor gas seepage and is pervasively distributed across the deep-sea fan of the Nile within 22 the Levant.

A large spectrum of compositional signatures was used to: (i) assess the relative supply of the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers to estuarine and shelfal sediments; (ii) define the compositional variability of estuarine sediments and the impact exerted by hydraulic sorting and climate-related chemical weathering on provenance signals; (iii) define the compositional variability of shelf sediments and the potential hydrodynamic segregation of fast-settling heavy minerals in coastal environments and of slow-settling platy micas on low-energy outer-shelf floors; (iv) consider the potential additional mud supply from the western subaerial part of the delta formerly built by the Ganga River; and (v) draw a preliminary mineralogical comparison between fluvio-deltaic sediments and turbidites of the Bengal–Nicobar deep-sea fan, thus tracing sediment dispersal across the huge sedimentary system extending from Tibet to the equatorial Indian Ocean.

The same excursions are recorded in fringing deep-sea fans and in carbonate platforms on other paleocontinents.

The clay mineralogy and Sr Nd isotopic compositions have been analyzed for the detrital fraction of sediments from IODP Site U1457 located in the Laxmi basin, eastern Arabian Sea to constrain the sediment sources and reconstruct a high-resolution record of sediment export to the Indus deep-sea fan over the past 600 kyr.

High amplitude seismic reflectivity (HASR), correlates with the active seafloor gas seepage and is distributed across the deep-sea fan of the Nile within the Levant Basin.

The data set was measured in the area of the Danube deep-sea fan where regional seismic measurements indicate the presence of large regions of BSRs.

The orders Alcyonacea (soft corals) and Gorgonacea (sea fans) which are referred to as ahermatypes, or non-reef building corals, have contributed with promising bioactive marine compounds.

However, the impact of subtle gradient changes ( ∘ ) on sedimentary processes along deep-sea fans still needs to be clarified.

The mechanisms governing the development of deep-sea fans is a matter of debate and their understanding at Milankovitch and millenial time-scales is challenged by complex architectures and the lack of material suitable for establishing reliable chronostratigraphies.

Additionally, natural methane seepages through seafloor sediments have been identified across the Nile deep-sea fan, Levant Basin, Eratosthenes Seamount, and other localities in the Eastern Mediterranean.

The percent cover of hard corals and sea fans was reduced by a factor of ∼1.

In the Gulf of Lions (Western Mediterranean), the emplacement of a large (160 km3) mass transport deposit, the Rhone Western Mass Transport Deposit (RWMTD), at the base of slope, aside the Rhone deep-sea fan between 1800 and 2700 m water depth, resulted in a major modification of the sediment routing by clogging a drainage network and blocking at the base of slope sediments that were previously routed into the Valencia channel and the Balearic abyssal plain.