Introduction to Quantitative Genetics

Motivation Pangenomes provide novel insights for population and quantitative genetics, genomics, and breeding not available from studying a single reference genome.

keywords : genomic selection, quantitative genetics, mating selection, simulation.

The extension of quantitative genetics to include models that incorporate properties of gene networks expands the long tradition of studying epistasis resulting from gene-gene interactions.

We propose that integrating the fields of quantitative genetics and food web ecology will reveal new insights on how climate change may reorganize biodiversity across levels of organization.

Here we investigate the quantitative genetics of survival over 120 hours of exposure (“susceptibility”) of C.

The genetic regulation of annual cycles can be studied either via candidate genes or through the decomposition of phenotypic variance by quantitative genetics.

We present a general extension to sexual reproduction and an analytical solution for a particular but important case, the infinitesimal model of quantitative genetics which assumes traits to be normally distributed.

The introduction of quantitative genetics and the use of statistical models have played a fundamental role in achieving these advances.

Here we investigate the simplest generalization of these single locus models to quantitative genetics with many loci, assuming simple additive effects on a set of phenotypes and a linear approximation to the fitness function.

The ambition of the obtained tool is not to substitute but complement ampelography and quantitative genetics, and in this way, assist cultivar identification services.

Those that have belong to one of two distinct empirical traditions: (i) quantitative genetics, which focusses on multi-locus genetic variances in each sex, but is largely agnostic about their genetic basis; and (ii) molecular population genetics, which focusses on comparing autosomal and X-linked polymorphism, but is poorly suited for inferring contemporary sex differences.

This view has been breaking down from the moment it was proposed, and is now seriously challenged by results from evo-devo, comparative genomics, molecular evolution, and quantitative genetics.

A central challenge of quantitative genetics is partitioning phenotypic variation into genetic and non-genetic components.

Two popular approaches for modeling social evolution, evolutionary game theory and quantitative genetics, ask complementary questions but are rarely integrated.

Conclusions: The findings of the current study may have important implications in the quantitative genetics of salinity tolerance and the development of cultivars tolerant to salinity in wheat.

ResultsWe used microarrays, RNA-Seq and quantitative genetics with the spontaneously hypertensive, SHR (SHR/OlaIpcv) rat strain, the normotensive Brown Norway (BN-Lx/Cub) rat strain, and a recombinant inbred (RI) panel of rats (HXB/BXH) derived from these strains to examine the areas of the genome associated with cardiac hypertrophy.

We show that research using Tribolium beetles has contributed a substantial amount to evolutionary and ecological understanding, especially in the fields of population dynamics, reproduction and sexual selection, population and quantitative genetics, and behaviour, physiology and life history.

Here, we illustrate how integrating the microbiome into quantitative genetics can help untangle complexities of host-microbiome evolution.

In poultry, selection programs through quantitative genetics are time consuming in case of lowly heritable traits.

In this study, heritability of growth sensitivity of south-eastern Baltic provenances of Scots pine differing by field performance to meteorological conditions was assessed combining methods of quantitative genetics and dendrochronology.

We suggest that research on correlational selection has great potential to integrate multiple fields in evolutionary biology, including developmental and functional biology, ecology, quantitative genetics, phenotypic polymorphisms, hybrid zones and speciation processes.

In quantitative genetics, many loci contribute epistatically to adaptation and subtle frequency changes occur at many loci.

Our results illustrate 1) the correspondence between quantitative genetics and population dynamics encapsulated in the FTNS and its log-normal-analog and 2) the appropriate interpretation of GLAM parameter estimates.

Such evolutionary morphological analyses rely on three interconnected conceptual frameworks; multivariate morphometrics for quantifying similarity and differences among taxa, quantitative genetics for modeling the inheritance and evolution of morphology, and neutral theory for assessing the likelihood that taxon diversification is due to stochastic processes such as genetic drift.

We report a national-scale study that combines population monitoring, glyphosate sensitivity assays, quantitative genetics and epidemiological analyses to pro-actively identify the prerequisites for adaptive evolution (directional selection and heritable genetic variation) to the world's most widely used herbicide (glyphosate) in a major, economically damaging weed species, Alopecurus myosuroides.

The breeder’s equation is the foundational application of quantitative genetics to crop improvement.

The estimate of the quasi-equilibrium value for the linkage disequilibrium coefficient D is analyzed, and results in terms of average effects in quantitative genetics and in terms of the theory of singular perturbations in mathematics are obtained.

Quantitative genetics is perfectly suited for this task, because it partitions the variance in phenotypes within a population into heritable and nonheritable components.

Our work is motivated in part by the estimation of components of covariance between multiple phenotypic traits in quantitative genetics, and we specialize our results to common experimental designs that arise in this application.

Epistasis may have important consequences for a number of issues in quantitative genetics and evolutionary biology.

While previous studies in quantitative genetics have used the dichotomy between matching and difference frameworks to explore coevolutionary dynamics, we suggest that exploring multidimensional trait space is important to examine the generality of results obtained from one-dimensional traits.

Recent innovations in genomic technologies have enabled wildlife researchers to perform marker-based relatedness estimation and acquire adequate loci density, enabling both the “top-down” approach of quantitative genetics and the “bottom-up” approach of association studies to describe the genetic basis of fitness-related traits.

While previous studies in quantitative genetics have used the dichotomy between matching and difference frameworks to explore coevolutionary dynamics, we suggest that exploring multidimensional trait space is important to examine the generality of results obtained from one-dimensional traits.

The integration of theoretical approaches from quantitative genetics, evolutionary ecology, and metapopulation ecology is necessary to advance our understanding of rapid evolution and associated eco‐evolutionary dynamics.

Here we develop this idea into a tractable model for quantitative genetics, in which the buffering effect of one locus with many other loci is condensed into a single (statistical) effect, multiplicative on the total (statistical) additive genetic effect.

The application of marker-assisted selection and markers discovery using quantitative genetics, association mapping and bioinformatics approaches for abiotic stress tolerances in barley are also highlighted.

All students committed themselves in the game with enthusiasm, noting that gaming was especially beneficial for them as a “true life” experience of plant breeding in which they could mobilize their academic knowledge in quantitative genetics in a friendly, yet competitive, game.

How effects of DNA sequence variants are transmitted through intermediate endophenotypes to modulate organismal traits remains a central question in quantitative genetics.

The methodology combines ideas from quantitative genetics with methods used in high-dimensional regressions.

RNA-seq has become the standard tool for collecting genome-wide expression data in diverse fields, from quantitative genetics and medical genomics to ecology and developmental biology.

This dichotomous decision can best be explained by the threshold‐trait model of quantitative genetics.

Relationships play a very important role in studies on quantitative genetics.

In molecular evolution and quantitative genetics, the nature of genetic variation depends critically on the distribution of fitness effects (DFE) of mutations.

The one-century-old theory of orthogonal genetic variance decomposition originated the field of quantitative genetics and has kept on being improved ever since.

Quantitative genetics has evolved dramatically in the past century, and the proliferation of genetic data enables the characterization of complex interactions beyond the scope of its theoretical foundations.

In quantitative genetics, it is common practice to calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient (r2) as a standardized measure of the predictive accuracy of a model.