Introduction to Fluorescent Molecules

Tetraphenylethene (TPE) and pyrene as typical aggregation induced emission (AIE) and aggregation caused emission quenching (ACQ) functional groups were utilized to design and synthesize water-soluble fluorescent molecules.

We report two kinds of NIR-II fluorescent molecules with twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics.

IgG antibody to the spike protein binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 was assayed with a fluorescent bead-based immunoassay that takes advantage of the high dynamic range of fluorescent molecules using flow cytometry.

To measure antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, we used a fluorescent bead-based immunoassay that takes advantage of the high dynamic range of fluorescent molecules using flow cytometry.

A robust fluorescence correlation spectroscopy system called fiber-optic based fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FB-FCS) was developed; this system enables the measurement of diffusion dynamics and concentration of fluorescent molecules based on the principle of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy without any mechanical adjustment of the experimental setup.

In this review, a summary of recent progress on the optical biosensors based on nanotechnology for pathogenic virus detection is provided, with focus on quantum dots (QDs), upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), noble metal nanoparticles, and organic fluorescent molecules-based nanoprobes and chemiluminescence assays.

We study beaming properties of laser light produced by a plasmonic lattice overlaid with organic fluorescent molecules.

We study the modification of fluorescence emission and decay rate of single fluorescent molecules in the near field of a periodic plasmonic nanostructure formed by a square lattice of Au hollow conical pillars with a periodicity of 250 nm.

Photoinduced off-switching of organic fluorophores is routinely used in super-resolution microscopy to separate and localize single fluorescent molecules, but the method typically relies on the use of complex imaging buffers.

The basic design concepts involving small fluorescent molecules composed of a fluorescent reporter and recognition moiety that undergo a fluorogenic reaction in response to analytes are described.

Small fluorescent molecules are widely used as probes of biomembranes.

In SMLM, individual fluorescent molecules are computationally localized from diffraction-limited image sequences and the localizations are used to generate a super-resolution image or a time course of super-resolution images, or to define molecular trajectories.

Single molecule fluorescence imaging can provide ultrasensitive protein detection with its ability for visualizing individual fluorescent molecules.

Development of new fluorescent molecules, especially pH-sensitive fluorescent dyes, is always in high demand due to their wide applications in various fields and the limited number of common chromophores.

The search for new fluorescent molecules for possible applications as functional π-electron systems and their conjugation with different nanomaterials is nowadays of paramount importance to broaden the availability of materials with different properties.

Free fluorescent molecules are removed and the MTs are fixed by perfusion.

In the case of ablation in PEI, most of the produced molecular fluorophores are associated with carbogenic nanostructures, while in the case of EDA, free fluorescent molecules dominate.

Crucial steps for extension of the conjugated system involved Sonogashira reaction yielding highly fluorescent molecules.

Rod-shaped oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene) (OPE) offers an attractive π-framework for the development of solution-processable highly fluorescent molecules having tunable hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) excited states and (reverse) intersystem crossing ((R)ISC) channels.

After magnetic separation and exonuclease cleavage, the amplified products release abundant Cy5 and Cy3 fluorescent molecules which can be simply monitored by single-molecule detection, with Cy3 indicating miR-21 and Cy5 indicating miR-155.

The target-catalyzed strand displacement reactions lead to the release of Cy5 and Cy3 fluorescent molecules from the complexes, which can be subsequently quantified by single-molecule/particle detection.

Here we present a systematic experimental comparison of quantitative MSI and FLT of multiple fluorescent molecules in tissue.

A variety of fluorescent encoded polyphosphazene microspheres (FPZS) incorporating single and multiple fluorescent molecules were prepared.

The use of photo-activated fluorescent molecules to create long sequences of low emitter-density diffraction-limited images enables high-precision emitter localization.

Breakthroughs in the field of chemistry have enabled surpassing the classical optical diffraction limit by utilizing photo-activated fluorescent molecules.

In fact, the investigated DESs exhibit a variety of properties with regards to their hydrophilicity, acidity, and hydrogen-bond ability, and these details were deeply probed by the two fluorescent molecules.

The main study goal was to compare several systems for the delivery to the hair bulb of two fluorescent molecules of different water affinities: the hydrophobic Nile Red and the quite similar but hydrophilic Nile Blue.

It has tried to trace MSC and PSL in mice using bioluminescent techniques, which can detect visible light emitted from cells labeled with miRNA conjugated fluorescent molecules.

In addition, the excitation rate is equal to 1/t, which is the inverse of the lifetime of several ns representing the most typical conjugated fluorescent molecules used in flow cytometry.

Chemical bleaching of the pigmented layers and tissue clearing protocols have been described to address these obstacles; however, currently described methods are not suitable for imaging endogenous fluorescent molecules such as green fluorescent protein (GFP) in intact whole retina.

However, Raman scattering is weak, and the Raman signal is easily disturbed by autofluorescence arising from endogenous fluorescent molecules in biological tissue.

Through the formation of fluorescent self-interference (SELFI), quantitative intensity and phase imaging enables the 3D localization of single fluorescent molecules inside a fixed tissue with an accuracy well beyond the diffraction limit.

Cytofluorimetric analysis and confocal microscopy were used to assess the RBCs physiological shape preservation and confirm the presence of fluorescent molecules inside the cells.