Introduction to Fluorescent Agent

Several fluorescent dyes including near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent agents have been already well studied in the field of photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Our study aimed to synthesize a targeted folate receptor-α near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent agent, folic acid-zwitterionic NIR fluorophore (ZW-FA), and explore the feasibility for screening of endometrial cancer and precancerous change.

Thus, beyond the use of intraoperative diagnostic evaluation, the use of fluorescent agents (e.

When the fluorescent agent, coumarine, was conjugated to TEPP-46, the bioprobe TEPC466 showed a high degree of selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of PKM2 protein via the AIE effect.

Foremost, separately from steady-state fluorescence imaging, we found that, via utilizing FLIM investigations, the differences in fluorescence lifetimes of antibody biofunctionalized and non-functionalized nanoparticles can be correlated to different intracellular localization and internalization pathways of the fluorescent agent, which is relevant for the development of a cutting-edge method for the detection of cancer cells that overexpress folate receptors at their surfaces.

The exo-and endocytosis of synaptic vesicles was confirmed by labeling the vesicles with a fluorescent agent and measuring the changes in fluorescence intensity.

On the 14th day after cell transplantation, the biotin dextran amine (BDA) fluorescent agent was used to track the repair of nerve damage.

In this review, i) the development of NIR fluorescence as an imaging modality and fluorescent agents is discussed; ii) the recent development of NIR‐I fluorophore‐based nano‐medicine systems for thrombosis theranostics is comprehensively summarized; iii) the state‐of‐the‐art NIR‐II fluorophores that are designed for the specific purpose of affording thrombotic diagnosis is highlighted; iv) possible forward avenues for the use of NIR‐II fluorophores toward thrombosis diagnosis and therapy are speculated; and v) the potential for their clinical translation is discussed.

Fluorescent agents play an important role in the peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence system.

(B) These aptamers with chemical functionalization can be conjugated to an amine linker or high molecular weight non-immunogenic compound or a drug or cytotoxic moiety or labelled with fluorescent agent.

The application of this Zn(II) complex as a fluorescent agent for living cell imaging was also demonstrated.

In this field various technologies are available, such as fluorescence imaging using a near-infrared camera, which requires the use of a fluorescent agent or the hyperspectral camera system, which does not require the application of a fluorophore and merges pictures from visible and non-visible wavelengths to a functional image.

Theoretically, any antibody or small molecule targeting cancer can be labeled with bioluminescent or fluorescent agents.

Thus, the use of fluorescent agents (e.

Over the years, fluorescent agents such as fluorescein sodium have been explored as a means of more reliably delineating the boundary between tumor core, tumor-infiltrated brain, and surrounding cortex.

However, current FIGS systems have some limitations - the infrared rays cannot detect and visualise thick tissues with low concentrations of the fluorescent agent.

The extraordinary flexibility in tuning their properties via composition, size- and dimensionality-related quantum confinement effects and surface engineering combined with their scalable bottom-up manufacturing has already led to their commercialization in different light-emitting applications, such as materials for displays and as fluorescent agents for imaging and sensing.

In particular, we have designed immunoadjuvant nanomedicine carriers on the basis of polydopamine (PDA) simultaneously loaded with resiquimod (R848)-a kind of toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist-and carbon dots (CDs)-a fluorescent agent.

Previous studies monitor total fluorescence intensity for this purpose, since it can take into account the effect of fluorescent agents in dental tissues.

Replicating the information from Gd-MRI in the visual surgical field using fluorescent agents that behave similar to gadolinium in vivo would represent a major advance for surgical intervention of these tumors, and could provide robust compensation information to update pre-operative MRI images during surgery.

Fluorescence‐guided surgery using epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting has been performed successfully in clinical trials using a variety of fluorescent agents.

Received: December 05, 2018; Accepted: December 27, 2018; Published: January 04, 2019 Intraoperative near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging is a novel technique that combines the use of a fluorescent agent with a dedicated near-infrared camera system, to allow real-time visualization of lymph nodes, tumor tissue and/or vital anatomic structures for surgical guidance [1].

We also performed flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopic analysis (FMA) using Tmab and Pmab conjugated with a fluorescent agent for the HER2-negative MCF7 and HER2-positive HCC1954 cell lines, which were pre-treated with Tmab to model NAD conditions.

Moreover, the carbon dots can be applied as a fluorescent agent for fungal bioimaging since the fungal cells stained by the carbon dots were brightly illuminated on a confocal microscopy excited at 405 nm.

The mesophase matrices can be loaded with fluorescent agents as a drug and release it with different rates depending on the pH of the volume.

Here, we address this demand by exploring novel multilayered nanocomposites (MNCs) with plasmonic nanoparticles and absorbing dyes in thin nonabsorbing shells as supercontrast multimodal photoacoustic (PA) and fluorescent agents in the near-infrared range.

The results show that the velocity profile of oligomer PB450 doped with a fluorescent agent is a typical linear distribution under higher film thickness, which is in accordance with the classical lubrication theory.

Application of a fluorescent agent is required to enable imaging by endomicroscopy.