Extracranial Vertebral(顱外椎體)到底是什麼？
Extracranial Vertebral 顱外椎體 - The duplex ultrasonographic examination of the extracranial vertebral (VA) and carotid arteries was performed. [1]對顱外椎體 (VA) 和頸動脈進行了雙功能超聲檢查。 [1]
Right Extracranial Vertebral 右側顱外椎體
Right vertebral angiography showed a fistula between the right extracranial vertebral artery (VA) and the right vertebral venous plexus at the C7 level. [1] We report a case of a 64-year-old man with a fusiform right extracranial vertebral artery aneurysm, spanning over half the extra-cranial V2 (foraminal) segment, presenting with recurrent multi-focal posterior circulation embolic ischaemic stroke. [2]右側椎動脈造影顯示右側顱外椎動脈 (VA) 和右側 C7 水平椎靜脈叢之間存在瘻管。 [1] 我們報告了一例 64 歲男性，患有梭形右側顱外椎動脈瘤，跨越顱外 V2（椎間孔）段的一半以上，表現為複發性多灶性後循環栓塞性缺血性卒中。 [2]
extracranial vertebral artery 顱外椎動脈
Vertebro–venous fistula (VVF) refers to an abnormal arteriovenous shunt connecting the extracranial vertebral artery and the paraspinal venous structures. [1] RESULTS The intracranial vertebral artery (ICVA) was more frequently involved than was the extracranial vertebral artery (ECVA). [2] Background There remains major uncertainty regarding the optimal therapy for symptomatic nonacute extracranial vertebral artery occlusion (EVAO). [3] Background and Aims Extracranial vertebral artery aneurysms are a rare cause of embolic stroke; various surgical and endovascular treatment options are available. [4] Patients with concomitant ipsilateral or bilateral extracranial vertebral artery >50% stenosis, cardio-embolism, or non-atherosclerotic stenosis were excluded. [5] Right vertebral angiography showed a fistula between the right extracranial vertebral artery (VA) and the right vertebral venous plexus at the C7 level. [6] Specifically, signs of extracranial vertebral artery wall inflammation (“halo” sign) and focal luminar stenoses may be accurately depicted by ultrasounds in high‐risk patients or individuals with ischemic stroke attributed to GCA. [7] The distribution of plaque type in the SA and extracranial vertebral artery (EVA) were significantly different between ACS and PCS. [8] In this video, we highlight the key steps and nuances for harvest of the occipital artery, achieving control of the extracranial vertebral artery, performing the transcondylar and transtubercular far lateral approach, and bypass with trapping technique for these challenging posterior circulation aneurysms. [9] First, the authors investigated the prevalence of BCVI, which was defined as blunt injury to any intracranial vessel, the extracranial vertebral artery, the extracranial carotid (common, internal) artery, or the internal jugular vein. [10] Objectives: Extracranial vertebral artery atherosclerosis is an insidious and hazardous disease. [11] We report a case of a 64-year-old man with a fusiform right extracranial vertebral artery aneurysm, spanning over half the extra-cranial V2 (foraminal) segment, presenting with recurrent multi-focal posterior circulation embolic ischaemic stroke. [12] With the widespread appliance of endovascular techniques, a plethora of options is available in the treatment of extracranial vertebral artery aneurysms (EVAA). [13] 8%), and extracranial vertebral artery (4. [14] Objective Extracranial vertebral artery (VA) aneurysms are rare and are often post-traumatic secondary to penetrating or blunt injuries. [15] 2%) with extracranial vertebral artery, 172 (14. [16] We review the normal anatomy, scanning technique, normal gray scale, and color Doppler ultrasound appearance and differential diagnosis of spectral Doppler waveform changes in the extracranial vertebral artery. [17] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of color Doppler sonography (CDS) in the diagnosis of extracranial vertebral artery dissections (EVADs). [18] Magnetic resonance imaging and digital subtraction angiography revealed an extracranial vertebral artery dissection with no evidence of cerebral infarction. [19] Little is known about the clinical features and risks associated with extracranial vertebral artery dissection that extends intracranially. [20] However, extracranial vertebral artery aneurysm in neurofibromatosis type 1 is very rare. [21] Objective To evaluate the feasibility, success rate, and safety of endovascular revascularization of nonacute symptomatic proximal extracranial vertebral artery occlusion (PEVAO). [22] Background Pseudoaneurysms (PAs) of the extracranial vertebral artery (VA) are rare lesions, representing less than 1% of all aneurysms. [23]椎靜脈瘺（VVF）是指連接顱外椎動脈和椎旁靜脈結構的異常動靜脈分流。 [1] 結果 顱內椎動脈 (ICVA) 比顱外椎動脈 (ECVA) 更常受累。 [2] 背景對於有症狀的非急性顱外椎動脈閉塞（EVAO）的最佳治療仍然存在很大的不確定性。 [3] 背景和目標 顱外椎動脈瘤是栓塞性卒中的罕見原因；有多種手術和血管內治療可供選擇。 [4] 排除伴有同側或雙側顱外椎動脈狹窄>50%、心臟栓塞或非動脈粥樣硬化性狹窄的患者。 [5] 右側椎動脈造影顯示右側顱外椎動脈 (VA) 和右側 C7 水平椎靜脈叢之間存在瘻管。 [6] 具體而言，顱外椎動脈壁炎症（“暈”徵）和局灶性管腔狹窄的跡象可以通過超聲在高危患者或歸因於 GCA 的缺血性卒中個體中準確描述。 [7] ACS和PCS之間SA和顱外椎動脈（EVA）斑塊類型的分佈有顯著差異。 [8] 在這段視頻中，我們重點介紹了採集枕動脈、實現顱外椎動脈控制、執行經髁和經結核遠側入路以及採用誘捕技術繞過這些具有挑戰性的後循環動脈瘤的關鍵步驟和細微差別。 [9] 首先，作者調查了 BCVI 的患病率，BCVI 被定義為對任何顱內血管、顱外椎動脈、顱外頸動脈（普通、內部）動脈或頸內靜脈的鈍性損傷。 [10] 目的：顱外椎動脈粥樣硬化是一種隱匿且危險的疾病。 [11] 我們報告了一例 64 歲男性，患有梭形右側顱外椎動脈瘤，跨越顱外 V2（椎間孔）段的一半以上，表現為複發性多灶性後循環栓塞性缺血性卒中。 [12] 隨著血管內技術的廣泛應用，顱外椎動脈瘤 (EVAA) 的治療有多種選擇。 [13] 8%）和顱外椎動脈（4. [14] 目的顱外椎動脈 (VA) 動脈瘤很少見，通常是創傷後繼發於穿透性或鈍性損傷。 [15] 2%) 有顱外椎動脈，172 (14. [16] 我們回顧了顱外椎動脈頻譜多普勒波形變化的正常解剖結構、掃描技術、正常灰度、彩色多普勒超聲表現和鑑別診斷。 [17] 本研究的目的是評估彩色多普勒超聲 (CDS) 在診斷顱外椎動脈夾層 (EVAD) 中的作用。 [18] 磁共振成像和數字減影血管造影顯示顱外椎動脈夾層，沒有腦梗塞的證據。 [19] 關於向顱內延伸的顱外椎動脈夾層相關的臨床特徵和風險知之甚少。 [20] 然而，1型神經纖維瘤病的顱外椎動脈瘤非常罕見。 [21] 目的評價非急性症狀性近端顱外椎動脈閉塞（PEVAO）血管內血運重建的可行性、成功率和安全性。 [22] 背景 顱外椎動脈 (VA) 的假性動脈瘤 (PA) 是罕見的病變，佔所有動脈瘤的不到 1%。 [23]