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Direct Water sentence examples within increasing climate aridity
We pose the following questions: (a) Does increasing climate aridity alter direct water and salinity gradients along topography gradients in saline depressions in arid climates? (b) Do these effects of increasing climate aridity in turn alter vegetation lifeform zonation? (c) Does increasing climate aridity alter community composition along the zonation? Study site: Continental saline depressions of the Mediterranean arid climate of central and southern Tunisia.
We pose the following questions: (a) Does increasing climate aridity alter direct water and salinity gradients along topography gradients in saline depressions in arid climates? (b) Do these effects of increasing climate aridity in turn alter vegetation lifeform zonation? (c) Does increasing climate aridity alter community composition along the zonation? Study site: Continental saline depressions of the Mediterranean arid climate of central and southern Tunisia.
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Direct Water sentence examples within discharge cavity temperature
ABSTRACT: Aiming at the characteristics of multiple time delays and multiple disturbances in the long-distance indirect water-cooling temperature control loop of the ArF excimer laser discharge cavity with a dual-cavity structure, the foundation of a double closed-loop control structure composed of the discharge cavity temperature and the remote cooling water temperature is established In the above, the parallel cascade control structure of the cooling water flow of the proximal discharge cavity and the discharge cavity temperature is introduced, forming a multi-closed-loop control model of the discharge cavity temperature of the ArF excimer laser; a dual-input dual-output nonlinear PI algorithm is established to further increase the temperature convergence speed and steady-state accuracy of flow control; transfer function analysis and comparative experiments show that the system has better decoupling effect on multiple time delays, better suppression and adaptability to multiple disturbances, and has been successful Applied to the temperature control of the discharge cavity of the 193nm dual-cavity ArF excimer laser, it realizes the rapid convergence of the discharge cavity temperature and the stability of ±0.
ABSTRACT: Aiming at the characteristics of multiple time delays and multiple disturbances in the long-distance indirect water-cooling temperature control loop of the ArF excimer laser discharge cavity with a dual-cavity structure, the foundation of a double closed-loop control structure composed of the discharge cavity temperature and the remote cooling water temperature is established In the above, the parallel cascade control structure of the cooling water flow of the proximal discharge cavity and the discharge cavity temperature is introduced, forming a multi-closed-loop control model of the discharge cavity temperature of the ArF excimer laser; a dual-input dual-output nonlinear PI algorithm is established to further increase the temperature convergence speed and steady-state accuracy of flow control; transfer function analysis and comparative experiments show that the system has better decoupling effect on multiple time delays, better suppression and adaptability to multiple disturbances, and has been successful Applied to the temperature control of the discharge cavity of the 193nm dual-cavity ArF excimer laser, it realizes the rapid convergence of the discharge cavity temperature and the stability of ±0.
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Direct Water sentence examples within Low Direct Water
Soya bean‐based biodiesel from Argentina has low water‐related risks to all nodes of the supply chain due to low local water stress combined with a low direct water consumption intensity (20 L/GJfuel).
Soya bean‐based biodiesel from Argentina has low water‐related risks to all nodes of the supply chain due to low local water stress combined with a low direct water consumption intensity (20 L/GJfuel).
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Tibet's low direct water use intensity and water intensive dominated export structure contribute 1048.
Tibet's low direct water use intensity and water intensive dominated export structure contribute 1048.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water use
The analysis of water use indicated intensive recirculating systems efficiently reduce water use as compared to extensive systems; however, at present, studies have only considered direct water use and future work is required that incorporates indirect and consumptive water use.
The analysis of water use indicated intensive recirculating systems efficiently reduce water use as compared to extensive systems; however, at present, studies have only considered direct water use and future work is required that incorporates indirect and consumptive water use.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water injection
Direct Water sentence examples within direct water consumption
However, indirect water consumption appears to comprise a vital share of total water resources.
However, indirect water consumption appears to comprise a vital share of total water resources.
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Furthermore, a joint analysis of the applied methodologies shows that: (a) the trade sector is more relevant for the linkage of water flows, (b) the agriculture sector has the highest direct water consumption, and (c) the public administration sector has the highest intermediate water consumption.
Furthermore, a joint analysis of the applied methodologies shows that: (a) the trade sector is more relevant for the linkage of water flows, (b) the agriculture sector has the highest direct water consumption, and (c) the public administration sector has the highest intermediate water consumption.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water footprint
Our bottom-up approach reveals one-fifth of data center servers direct water footprint comes from moderately to highly water stressed watersheds, while nearly half of servers are fully or partially powered by power plants located within water stressed regions.
Our bottom-up approach reveals one-fifth of data center servers direct water footprint comes from moderately to highly water stressed watersheds, while nearly half of servers are fully or partially powered by power plants located within water stressed regions.
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The direct water footprint accounted for 67% and the indirect water footprint accounted for 33%.
The direct water footprint accounted for 67% and the indirect water footprint accounted for 33%.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water splitting
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is a promising “green chemistry” route driven by sunlight for the direct water splitting into value-added hydrogen energy.
Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is a promising “green chemistry” route driven by sunlight for the direct water splitting into value-added hydrogen energy.
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This design on covalent organic framework of highly efficient CoP-based heterojunctions holds great promise for direct water splitting applications in utilizing solar energy.
This design on covalent organic framework of highly efficient CoP-based heterojunctions holds great promise for direct water splitting applications in utilizing solar energy.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water source
Although the source of water comes from direct water sources the construction of clean water facilities in rural areas often experiences post-construction constraints and sustainability, thus the need to hold clean water network planning.
Although the source of water comes from direct water sources the construction of clean water facilities in rural areas often experiences post-construction constraints and sustainability, thus the need to hold clean water network planning.
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Under the central water supply mode by local tap water company, tap water isotopes in Gannan where groundwater is the direct water source show weak connection with those in surface water and precipitation, and those in tap water in Longnan with surface water as main source water reveal good connection with isotopes in surface water.
Under the central water supply mode by local tap water company, tap water isotopes in Gannan where groundwater is the direct water source show weak connection with those in surface water and precipitation, and those in tap water in Longnan with surface water as main source water reveal good connection with isotopes in surface water.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water reuse
In this work, a recently developed P-graph methodology for direct water reuse/recycle is extended for batch water network.
In this work, a recently developed P-graph methodology for direct water reuse/recycle is extended for batch water network.
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The current economy of tanneries in developing countries is mainly linear, with certain elements of circularity as it promotes the recycling of skin/hides and direct/indirect water reuse.
The current economy of tanneries in developing countries is mainly linear, with certain elements of circularity as it promotes the recycling of skin/hides and direct/indirect water reuse.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water bath
Direct Water sentence examples within direct water quenching
Compared with cooling by direct water quenching, the process of initial cooling to 1000 °C with furnace cooling and followed by water quenching could increase the number density of nitrides and sulfides, as well as change the unstable oxide to an effective oxide by precipitation of TiN on the surface.
Compared with cooling by direct water quenching, the process of initial cooling to 1000 °C with furnace cooling and followed by water quenching could increase the number density of nitrides and sulfides, as well as change the unstable oxide to an effective oxide by precipitation of TiN on the surface.
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To investigate the effect of the RA on the mechanical performance of the new PHS, microstructure without RA was prepared for comparison by direct water quenching after the austenitization to suppress the carbon migration.
To investigate the effect of the RA on the mechanical performance of the new PHS, microstructure without RA was prepared for comparison by direct water quenching after the austenitization to suppress the carbon migration.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water usage
The assessment of the whole life cycle of a product allows the quantification of its actual consumption of water – including direct and indirect water usage as well as water devalued through contamination.
The assessment of the whole life cycle of a product allows the quantification of its actual consumption of water – including direct and indirect water usage as well as water devalued through contamination.
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Water footprint in the rice field is a sign of water use that exhibits direct and indirect water usage in the rice field.
Water footprint in the rice field is a sign of water use that exhibits direct and indirect water usage in the rice field.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water cooling
Direct Water sentence examples within direct water uptake
torreyana, including under the base sheath, is hydrophilic and capable of direct water uptake.
torreyana, including under the base sheath, is hydrophilic and capable of direct water uptake.
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A significant decrease in both the water vapour transmission rate and the direct water uptake of water ( Cobb 120 {\text{Cobb}_{120}} wettability test) is observed for coatings containing as little as 1 % silica additive.
A significant decrease in both the water vapour transmission rate and the direct water uptake of water ( Cobb 120 {\text{Cobb}_{120}} wettability test) is observed for coatings containing as little as 1 % silica additive.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water supply
the system of mixed water supply of descaling pump and accumulator, and the descaling system of direct water supply of descaling pump, should choose high-pressure filling, which consumes little energy of good reliability and safety; while the energy-saving descaling system, i.
the system of mixed water supply of descaling pump and accumulator, and the descaling system of direct water supply of descaling pump, should choose high-pressure filling, which consumes little energy of good reliability and safety; while the energy-saving descaling system, i.
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This paper discusses possibility of heat removal from the RBMK-1500 core using weak heat conduction mechanisms: heat removal from outer surface of drum separators and steam – water piping using air ventilation means; heat removal from graphite stack using direct water supply into reactor cavity; heat removal from fuel channels through the core graphite structures by control rods cooling system; heat removal in loss of long term cooling case using de-pressurisation of the reactor coolant system and water supply using complex of non-regular means.
This paper discusses possibility of heat removal from the RBMK-1500 core using weak heat conduction mechanisms: heat removal from outer surface of drum separators and steam – water piping using air ventilation means; heat removal from graphite stack using direct water supply into reactor cavity; heat removal from fuel channels through the core graphite structures by control rods cooling system; heat removal in loss of long term cooling case using de-pressurisation of the reactor coolant system and water supply using complex of non-regular means.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water stres
These providers exerted indirect water stress on Beijing due to their own direct water stress and industrial structure.
These providers exerted indirect water stress on Beijing due to their own direct water stress and industrial structure.
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When warming effects were decomposed into direct heat stress and indirect water stress (WS), observational data suggest that yield is more reduced by direct heat stress (-4.
When warming effects were decomposed into direct heat stress and indirect water stress (WS), observational data suggest that yield is more reduced by direct heat stress (-4.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water vapmy
Additional destructive sampling of soil and plant material complemented the in situ measurements and allowed for a comparison between destructive (cryogenic vacuum extraction and direct water vapour equilibration) and in situ isotope measurements.
Additional destructive sampling of soil and plant material complemented the in situ measurements and allowed for a comparison between destructive (cryogenic vacuum extraction and direct water vapour equilibration) and in situ isotope measurements.
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The main focus of this study is to evaluate the processes that influence the lower stratosphere water vapour budget, particularly the direct water vapour transport and the moistening due to the ice sublimation.
The main focus of this study is to evaluate the processes that influence the lower stratosphere water vapour budget, particularly the direct water vapour transport and the moistening due to the ice sublimation.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water saturation
In particular, low‐power SL Z‐spectrum acquisition allows insight into T1ρ and exchange effects with decreased direct water saturation.
In particular, low‐power SL Z‐spectrum acquisition allows insight into T1ρ and exchange effects with decreased direct water saturation.
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Fitting a model based on the Bloch-McConnell (BM) equations to Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) spectra allows for the quantification of metabolite concentration and exchange rate as well as simultaneous correction of field inhomogeneity, direct water saturation and magnetization transfer.
Fitting a model based on the Bloch-McConnell (BM) equations to Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) spectra allows for the quantification of metabolite concentration and exchange rate as well as simultaneous correction of field inhomogeneity, direct water saturation and magnetization transfer.
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Direct Water sentence examples within direct water quality
However, since nitrate and phosphate also played roles as determinants of phytoplankton abundance, they can be considered indirect water quality factors of Nile tilapia growth.
However, since nitrate and phosphate also played roles as determinants of phytoplankton abundance, they can be considered indirect water quality factors of Nile tilapia growth.
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Results show that the direct water quality benefits obtained from AWT are outweighed by greater increases in indirect impacts from energy and resource demands.
Results show that the direct water quality benefits obtained from AWT are outweighed by greater increases in indirect impacts from energy and resource demands.
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10.7589/JWD-D-20-00082
Environmental samples, particularly when used in combination with new technology such as environmental DNA and next generation sequencing, provided information on trends in AIV detection rates and circulating subtypes that complemented traditional, direct waterbird sampling.
Environmental samples, particularly when used in combination with new technology such as environmental DNA and next generation sequencing, provided information on trends in AIV detection rates and circulating subtypes that complemented traditional, direct waterbird sampling.
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10.1007/s10098-021-02092-1
59 ton of indirect water and 6010 kWh of electricity were consumed to produce 1 ton of boric acid.
59 ton of indirect water and 6010 kWh of electricity were consumed to produce 1 ton of boric acid.
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10.1007/978-3-030-76441-8_7
Because the total water consumption of a building includes not only the water that has been required off-site to manufacture the materials used, as well as the water embodied in the production of energy, also the direct water used in the building needs to be studied.
Because the total water consumption of a building includes not only the water that has been required off-site to manufacture the materials used, as well as the water embodied in the production of energy, also the direct water used in the building needs to be studied.
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10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2020.124449
As a result, 58,801 m3 H2Oeq of direct and indirect water was used for 1 km expressway with Boulay method, also 42,030 m3 H2Oeq, and 27,485 m3 H2Oeq, of direct and indirect water was consumed using Ministry of Environment’s methodology using Ecoinvent and Ministry of Environment’s methodology using Korean life cycle inventory.
As a result, 58,801 m3 H2Oeq of direct and indirect water was used for 1 km expressway with Boulay method, also 42,030 m3 H2Oeq, and 27,485 m3 H2Oeq, of direct and indirect water was consumed using Ministry of Environment’s methodology using Ecoinvent and Ministry of Environment’s methodology using Korean life cycle inventory.
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10.1007/s40618-021-01530-7
Actually, copeptin measurement after pure-osmotic stimulation with 3% saline infusion has replaced the classical indirect water-deprivation test and represents the gold standard for diagnosis [1, 2].
Actually, copeptin measurement after pure-osmotic stimulation with 3% saline infusion has replaced the classical indirect water-deprivation test and represents the gold standard for diagnosis [1, 2].
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10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106585
Results suggested that direct water-to-fish absorption rate was 20% d-1 per fish.
Results suggested that direct water-to-fish absorption rate was 20% d-1 per fish.
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10.1039/d1cp02876f
As a mechanism for maintaining the binding form of T1r3LBD, alternative hydrogen bonds were formed as direct interactions instead of the indirect water-mediated interactions found in the wild-type system, which stabilized the binding form of T1r3LBD.
As a mechanism for maintaining the binding form of T1r3LBD, alternative hydrogen bonds were formed as direct interactions instead of the indirect water-mediated interactions found in the wild-type system, which stabilized the binding form of T1r3LBD.
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10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125763
In addition to the direct-use nexus (direct water and energy consumption), we also considered the embodied-use nexus (energy-related water consumption and water-related energy consumption) and the hybrid-use nexus (hybrid water and energy consumption).
In addition to the direct-use nexus (direct water and energy consumption), we also considered the embodied-use nexus (energy-related water consumption and water-related energy consumption) and the hybrid-use nexus (hybrid water and energy consumption).
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10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02592
This monolayer is stabilized by concerted potassium–water and direct water–birnessite interactions, and involves negligible water–water interactions.
This monolayer is stabilized by concerted potassium–water and direct water–birnessite interactions, and involves negligible water–water interactions.
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10.1063/1.5126161
The key advantages of the source are compactness, higher microwave coupling due to indirect water-cooling, and thereby high operating flow and decomposition rates.
The key advantages of the source are compactness, higher microwave coupling due to indirect water-cooling, and thereby high operating flow and decomposition rates.
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10.1002/anie.201909697
While the hydrogen bonding between Hupd and interfacial water is identified as the primary mode of interaction, the direct water-electrode interaction, which depends on the absolute electrode potential, likely hold the key to understanding the pH induced Hupd peak shift on the Pt surface.
While the hydrogen bonding between Hupd and interfacial water is identified as the primary mode of interaction, the direct water-electrode interaction, which depends on the absolute electrode potential, likely hold the key to understanding the pH induced Hupd peak shift on the Pt surface.
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10.1016/J.SCS.2019.101686
Due to population growth, cities depend more on imports of food, energy, water, and services from all over the globe, and consume more virtual water than direct water, because of their food habits and lifestyle.
Due to population growth, cities depend more on imports of food, energy, water, and services from all over the globe, and consume more virtual water than direct water, because of their food habits and lifestyle.
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10.3906/ELK-1811-177
This study utilizes thermodynamic models of major free cooling systems such as the direct air-side economizer (ASE), indirect air-side economizer (IASE), indirect evaporative cooler (IEC), and indirect water-side economizer (WSE) integrated with the existing cooling infrastructure of a typical 1 MW IT load DC.
This study utilizes thermodynamic models of major free cooling systems such as the direct air-side economizer (ASE), indirect air-side economizer (IASE), indirect evaporative cooler (IEC), and indirect water-side economizer (WSE) integrated with the existing cooling infrastructure of a typical 1 MW IT load DC.
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10.1016/J.COLSURFA.2018.12.008
The results show that two types of emulsion, direct oil-in-water (O/W) and indirect water-in-oil (W/O) may be produced due to the different hydrophilic properties of the 2D materials.
The results show that two types of emulsion, direct oil-in-water (O/W) and indirect water-in-oil (W/O) may be produced due to the different hydrophilic properties of the 2D materials.
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10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.101
Meanwhile, this study classified the selected 16 energy-saving technologies into three groups: direct water-saving technology, indirect water-saving technology, and water consumption technology.
Meanwhile, this study classified the selected 16 energy-saving technologies into three groups: direct water-saving technology, indirect water-saving technology, and water consumption technology.
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10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.132
The network control analysis is employed to describe the pathway of indirect water.
The network control analysis is employed to describe the pathway of indirect water.
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10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118410
By analyzing the direct and indirect water and material-energy-water flow, the indirect water usage in energy and material flows was found to be more important to the water flow in the life cycle water use and discharge for steel production, especially for electricity.
By analyzing the direct and indirect water and material-energy-water flow, the indirect water usage in energy and material flows was found to be more important to the water flow in the life cycle water use and discharge for steel production, especially for electricity.
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10.1117/12.2550767
As feedstocks, organic compounds (alcohols, esters) as well as direct water-hydrogen emulsions obtained by ultrasonic treatment were used.
As feedstocks, organic compounds (alcohols, esters) as well as direct water-hydrogen emulsions obtained by ultrasonic treatment were used.
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10.1016/J.ENERGY.2019.01.013
Our results demonstrate that Electricity sector is the direct water-carbon nexus node and Construction sector is the high-intensive embodied water-carbon nexus node in Beijing.
Our results demonstrate that Electricity sector is the direct water-carbon nexus node and Construction sector is the high-intensive embodied water-carbon nexus node in Beijing.
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10.1016/J.APENERGY.2018.10.056
Sectoral direct energy, direct water, water-related energy, and energy-related water consumption were inventoried.
Sectoral direct energy, direct water, water-related energy, and energy-related water consumption were inventoried.
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10.1007/s10040-019-02063-3
Bank filtration (BF) is an established indirect water-treatment technology.
Bank filtration (BF) is an established indirect water-treatment technology.
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10.3390/SU11071847
The local energy system is modelled in detail and indirect water and land requirements are quantified for three stylised decarbonisation scenarios of pathways to meeting climate and energy requirements (related to SDG13 and SDG7, respectively).
The local energy system is modelled in detail and indirect water and land requirements are quantified for three stylised decarbonisation scenarios of pathways to meeting climate and energy requirements (related to SDG13 and SDG7, respectively).
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Keywords related to Direct
Direct Co2
Direct Cutting
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Direct Structuring
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Direct Mannich
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Direct Detection
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Direct Carboxylation
Direct Fuel
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Direct Indirect
Direct Link
Direct Substrate
Direct Heat
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Direct Vapor
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Keywords related to Water
Face Water
Photoelectrochemical Water
Finished Water
Mixing Water
Water Water
Discharge Water
Long Distance Water
Rich Water
Coal Water
Gravity Water
Sewage Water
Algae Laden Water
Meet Water
Evaporative Water
Growing Water
Boiled Water
Strong Water
Infused Water
Increase Water
Hyporheic Water
Outlet Water
Simulating Water
Aquaculture Water
Optimize Water
Ultrasonic Water
Depth Water
Forest Water
Frozen Water
Driven Water
Hydrogel Water
Unsaturated Water
Unit Water
Alleviates Water
Tap Water
Boiling Water
Late Season Water
Intermediate Water
Consuming Water
Mediterranean Water
Increases Water
Hybrid Water
Impaired Water
Mineralizing Water
Modulates Water
Black Water
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Accelerating Water
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