Introduction to Copernicus Climate

</p><p>The purpose of the Living Lab was to demonstrate to the participants the MED-GOLD concepts and methodologies to develop climate services as well as become familiar with climate data and tools made available through the Copernicus Climate Data Store (CDS).

The second one is a climate-oriented altimeter sea level product that started in the framework of the European Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), and is now released as daily-means over a grid of 0.

These sources of predictability are sought in five state-of-the-art seasonal forecasting systems included in the Copernicus Climate Change Services (C3S) suite finding a weaker signal but an overall good agreement with reanalysis data.

A joint effort between the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) and the Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) has been dedicated to an intercomparison study of eight global gap-free Sea Surface Temperature (SST) products to assess their accurate representation of the SST relevant to climate analysis.

Framed within the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) of the European Commission, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is producing an enhanced global dataset for the land component of the fifth generation of European ReAnalysis (ERA5), hereafter referred to as ERA5-Land.

</p><p>This study analyses the ability of seasonal meteorological forecasts from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) to anticipate the type of year in the agricultural areas of the Requena Utiel aquifer considering different periods ahead.

&#160;The Climate Data Store of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) provides seasonal forecasts and a common period of retrospective simulations (hindcasts) with equal spatial temporal resolution for simulations from 5 European forecast centres (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD), Meteo France (MF), UK Met Office (UKMO) and Euro-Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change (CMCC)), one US forecasting centre (NCEP) plus the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) model.

<p>The Thermal Assessment Tool has been developed within the framework of a&#160;Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S)&#160;contract, titled Climate Change Dashboards for Decision Makers, to provide an interactive and informative dashboard to allow users to visualize the frequency and severity of risk events related to cold snaps and heatwaves.

A high-resolution climate projections dataset is obtained by statistically downscaling climate projections from the CMIP6 experiment using the ERA5-Land reanalysis from the Copernicus Climate Change Service.

&#8221; Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), 2018.

&#160;European Commission and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) through the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) have provided the financial support.

In this study, we evaluated the performance of eight drought indices, including Drought Severity Index (DSI), Evaporation Stress Index (ESI), Normalized Vegetation Supply Water Index (NVSWI), Temperature-Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI), Temperature Vegetation Precipitation Dryness Index (TVPDI), Vegetation Health Index (VHI), Self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index (SC-PDSI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), for capturing SM dynamic (derived from Copernicus Climate Change Service) across the six main vegetation coverage types of China.

The predictability of the Northern Hemisphere stratosphere and its underlying dynamics are investigated in five state-of-the-art seasonal prediction systems from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) multi-model database.

Recently, the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) database has been releasing monthly forecasts for lead times of up to three months for public use.

Two of them are suitable for climate-related studies: one produced in the framework of the European Space Agency (ESA)-funded Sea Level Climate Change Initiative (SL_CCI); the other offered by the European Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

<p>Here we present an overview of results emerging from a project to develop prototype decadal climate prediction services, funded by the EU Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

Framed within the Copernicus Climate Change Service of the European Commission, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is producing an enhanced global dataset for the land component of the 5th generation of European ReAnalysis (ERA5), hereafter named as ERA5-Land.

The aim of this study is to assess the potential of Earth Observation and climate data for the forestry sector focusing on the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

&#160;</p><p>We use ERA5 reanalysis precipitation products from the Copernicus Climate Change Service [4].

<p>The Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) regional reanalysis for the Arctic consists of two datasets of Essential Climate Variables (ECVs) for the 24 year period from 1997 to 2021.

In support of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), EUMETSAT produced several AMV Climate Data Records (CDR) from geostationary and low-earth orbit satellites for assimilation into ECMWF&#8217;s next global reanalysis ERA6.

These sources of predictability are sought in five state-of-the-art seasonal forecasting systems included in the Copernicus Climate Change Services (C3S) suite finding a weaker signal but an overall good agreement with reanalysis data.

This manuscript aims to create large-scale calculations of agro-climatic factors from global climatic data with high granularity-climatic ERA5-Land dataset from the Copernicus Climate Change Service in particular.

ERA5 is publicly available through the Copernicus Climate Data Store (CDS, https://cds.

The past&#160; 2020 year is considered as the warmest in the entire history of observations according to the MSU Meteorological Observatory for Moscow, according to the Hydrometeorological Center of Russia for the whole of Russia and according to the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) for the entire Globe.

The digitized numerical data will be made available through Copernicus Climate Change Services; here we publish the full information that includes images, literature, and other metadata that may be relevant and can be used to inform homogenization approaches or reanalysis production.

The following forecasting systems have been considered: (1) the current system operating rules forced by historical observations, (2) SMHI&#8217;s pan-European E-HYPE hydrological forecasting system forced with bias-adjusted ECMWF System 4 seasonal meteorological forecasts and post-processed using fuzzy logic to adjust forecasts to the local hydrological conditions, (3) five seasonal meteorological forecasting systems from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (ECMWF SEAS5, UKMO GloSEA5, M&#233;t&#233;oFrance System 6, DWD GCFS and CMCC SPS3), bias-adjusted using linear scaling and further combined with locally-adjusted hydrological models, and (4) an ensemble system based on local observations of past river discharge.

A high-resolution climate projections dataset is obtained by statistically downscaling climate projections from the CMIP5 experiment using the ERA5 reanalysis from the Copernicus Climate Change Service.

Currently, systematic inconsistencies in the extremes exist, as illustrated within the European Union (EU) Copernicus Climate Change Windstorm Information Service (C3S WISC*) and European organisation for the exploitatrion of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) C-band High and Extreme-Force Speeds (CHEFS^) projects.

Then we investigate whether these relationships are also present in operational seasonal forecast models provided by Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

This product was generated within the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

The wave direction data were taken from ECMWF ERA5 6-hour hind cast data catalogue which covers 40 years&#8217; time period from 1797-2019 (Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), 2017).

The analysis is based on current reanalysis (ERA5, ERA5-Land, MERRA-2) and merged remote-sensing products (ESA-CCI soil moisture, gridded satellite soil moisture from the Copernicus Climate Data Store), focusing on soil moisture (or agricultural) drought.

This work describes the different algorithmic steps used to retrieve the first Surface Albedo (SA) product based on Sentinel-3 (S-3) data in the framework of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

com/) is a web service developed with the support of the Copernicus Climate Change Service&#160; implementing user-friendly bias adjustment for climate projections from the C3S catalogue using customized methods and reference datasets.

Two different surface roughness parameterizations are tested and compared with ERA5 reanalysis data from the ECMWF - Copernicus Climate Change Service.

The recent products issued by the European Space Agency and the Copernicus Climate Change Service framework provide the possibility to investigate the historical land cover changes from 1992 to 2018 at 300 m resolution.

The paper considers a methodology to assess rainfall erosivity in Italy for the recent decades (1981–2010), building on datasets and materials freely available, such as those included within the Climate Data Store (CDS) of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

The model was effectively extended to cover the whole Italian Country for the period 1981-2010 by means of gridded rainfall datasets retrievable in the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS), with limited performance loss, exploring the feasibility of Copernicus products for erosion-related assessments.

<p>The Copernicus Climate Change Service aims at facilitating the emergence of a downstream market of climate services with the ultimate goal of supporting the development of a climate-smart society.

The recently released products from the European Space Agency and Copernicus Climate Change Service contain high-resolution (300 m) time series of global land cover maps from 1992 to 2018.

&#160; As part of the Copernicus Climate Change Service, a publicly available probabilistic forecast of 5 year mean north Atlantic hurricane activity and US insured losses has been produced and will be presented here.

Such capabilities were implemented during the development of the high-resolution Copernicus European Regional Reanalysis (CERRA), funded by the Copernicus Climate Change Services (C3S).

Overall, results indicate that hybrid predictions outperform the dynamical predictions of near-surface wind speeds, obtained from five prediction systems available through the Climate Data Store of the Copernicus Climate Change Service.

This manuscript presents the methods and results for creating an operational Sentinel-3(OLCI) and MODIS-derived burned area product created under the Climate Change Initiative and Copernicus Climate Change Service.

At the time being, the method has been applied to 11 sensors in the framework of two European initiatives (Satellite Application Facility on Land Surface Analysis—LSA SAF, and Copernicus Climate Change Service—C3S): NOAA-7-9-11-14-16-17/AVHRR2-3, SPOT/VGT1-2, Metop/AVHRR-3, PROBA-V, and MSG/SEVIRI.

This paper describes the Passive microwave Neural network Precipitation Retrieval algorithm for climate applications (PNPR-CLIM), developed with funding from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), implemented by ECMWF on behalf of the European Union.

These are daily estimates, based on the Copernicus Climate Data Store’s ERA-5 data, regularly updated to the near-present and provided as direct downloads from our website (https://pearselab.

We used 23 years of hindcast data from three seasonal forecasting systems in the Copernicus Climate Change Service to estimate the prediction skill based on temporal correlation.

Within the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) [1], EUMETSAT has generated Climate Data Records (CDRs) for Atmospheric Motion Vectors (AMVs).

To provide users with basic information on data product accuracy and uncertainty, the climate normal values of Arctic sea ice extents (SIE) are compared with that of other products, including a product from NSIDC and two products from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

, describes re-analysis driven global river discharge simulations that are updated in near real time and distributed through the Copernicus Climate Change Service Climate Data Store.

We demonstrate the current levels of skill for seasonal forecasts of wind and irradiance in Europe, using forecast systems available from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

In support of the European Union?s Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) mission to provide authoritative information about the past, present and future climate in Europe and the rest of the world, each dataset to be provided through this service must undergo an evaluation of its climate relevance and scientific quality to help with data comparisons.

Data provided by the Copernicus Climate Change Service, a weather forecast provided on behalf of the EU, showed that the global average temperature for June 2019 was the highest on record for the month.

eu/, last access: 10 January 2020) of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S, https://climate.

This paper describes how these challenges were tackled during the European Climatic Energy Mixes (ECEM) project, part of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), in order to deliver a pre-operational, proof-of-concept climate service for the European renewable energy sector.

We focus on one-month lead forecasts of precipitation and temperature from four state-of-the-art seasonal forecasting systems, three of them included in the Copernicus Climate Change Service dataset (ECMWF-SEAS5, UK Met Office-GloSea5 and Météo France-System5) for boreal winter and summer over two illustrative regions with different skill characteristics (Europe and Southeast Asia).

National Aeronautics and Space Administration Jet Propulsion Laboratory [NASA JPL] and Copernicus Climate Change Service [C3S]) for use in regional and local scale sea-level studies to estimate VLM.

The service is a planning tool building upon the Copernicus Climate Change Services, together with solar models and spatial and operational data of photovoltaic facilities.

June this year is the hottest June on record, while the passing July was Earth’s hottest month ever recorded according to provisional data from the Copernicus Climate Change Service.

This development has been underpinned and supported by significant research, funding and agenda‐setting efforts such as the Global Framework for Climate Services internationally and the Roadmap for Climate Services and the Copernicus Climate Change Service in Europe.

These stations cannot be included in the processing to be served via the Copernicus Climate Change Service until the issues are satisfactorily resolved.

For this, 25 years of altimeter data have been reprocessed and are available through the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) and the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S).

Copernicus Climate Change Service E-OBS gridded meteorological data for 45 hydrological years were used as forcing for the model.

We use the ozone dataset from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) during 1979–2017 to investigate the long-term variations of the total column ozone (TCO) and the relative total ozone low (TOL) over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) during different seasons.