Introduction to Western Dietary

001) were directly associated with the Western dietary pattern.

In particular, Western dietary habits have been the object of several research studies focusing on the relationship between nutrition and mental health.

On the other hand, Western dietary patterns (sweetened beverages, processed/ junk food, and foods rich in saturated fatty acids), along with low consumption of fruits and vegetables have been linked to an increased risk of depression among adolescents.

50), a Western dietary pattern (RR = 2.

Scientific evidence shows that dietary patterns are associated with the risk of IBD, particularly among unhealthy and Western dietary patterns.

Both traditional and western dietary patterns were related to fasting blood glucose level and lipid profile.

Conversely, Western dietary patterns were less favorable.

In recent years, the dietary structure of residents especially Chinese has gradually shifted to western dietary patterns.

Moreover, the effect of cannabis in tandem with current Western dietary habits is an area in male sexual health that has yet to be explored.

The western dietary pattern was positively related to a previous history of cancer (b = 0.

Those with a higher adherence to the western dietary pattern had an increased risk of dementia among ε4 carriers (HR: 1.

Western dietary patterns serve as a model for studying the impact of nutrition transition on civilization diseases, such as obesity, which is commonly associated with oxidative stress and inflammation.

Asthma prevalence has continued to rise in recent decades as Western dietary patterns have become more pervasive.

Results: Results show that adequate adherence to healthful dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet, or food groups such as vegetables and fruit, or macro/micro nutrients such as fibre or vitamin C and E, are associated with decreased levels of pro-inflammatory biomarkers, mainly c-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), whereas adherence to a Western dietary pattern, as well as intake of food groups such as added sugars, macro-nutrients such as saturated fatty acids or ultra-processed foods, is associated with higher levels of the same pro-inflammatory biomarkers.

An increasing number of epidemiological studies suggest that adherence to Western dietary patterns (WDPs) is associated with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but results remain inconsistent.

Saudi Arabia in the last decades faced many tremendous economic changes leading to adoption of western dietary habits associated with sedentary lifestyle.

Two major dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis: Western dietary pattern and Mediterranean dietary pattern.

Findings: Among 7 studies included for final analysis, four indicate that greater adherence to a western dietary pattern were significantly positively associated with obesity in children/adolescents aged 3-17 years in China after adjustment of confounding factors.

Compared to the lowest quartile, there was a statistically significant negative association between the highest scores of the Western dietary pattern and low HDL-C (OR = 0.

The western dietary pattern is known for its frequent meals rich in saturated fat and protein, resulting in a postprandial state for a large part of the day.

Scientific evidence shows that dietary patterns are associated with the risk of IBD, particularly among unhealthy and Western dietary patterns.

We observed that China has experienced a shift from traditional dietary patterns to western dietary patterns.

Western dietary pattern was related to higher urinary Na-to-K ratio ( β  = 0.

Results The Western dietary pattern was associated with higher risk for MetS across increasing GRS tertiles among Whites ( p  < 0.

Following a Western dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of knee OA (HR quartile 4 vs 1 = 1.

In separate proportional hazards regression analyses, we examined associations of quintiles of the prudent and the Western dietary pattern scores with risk of developing non-cancer related and total venous thromboembolism, adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, body mass index, and diabetes.

3 years, and it is reported that western dietary pattern was associated with higher risk of cognitive decline [2].

The first DP resembled a Western dietary pattern (WDP)—high in sugar, fat, processed foods, and red meat—and the second DP resembled a Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP)—high in vegetables, fruits, nuts, fish, and olive oil.

Results: HRs (95% CIs) of all cancers by quartiles of Western dietary pattern, DII, and MDs showed that the forth quartile of the Western dietary pattern is attributed to 23% higher cancer risk (HRs: 1.

Key Points Question What is the association between the Western dietary pattern in adults in midlife and cognitive decline in later life? Findings In this cohort study of 13 588 adults without dementia at baseline, midlife dietary pattern was not associated with cognitive decline 20 years later.

RESULTS We identified two major dietary patterns: (i) a Balanced dietary pattern (a high intake of green leafy vegetables, other vegetables, fruits, dairy products, red meats, poultry, seafoods, legumes and nuts, as well as a low intake of sugar) and (ii) a Western dietary pattern (a high intake of sugar, tea, egg, snacks, fast foods, potato, carbonated beverages, pickled foods, organs meat and butter) by factor analysis.

In this study, 32 pigs were fed chicken versus red and processed meat in the context of a prudent or Western dietary pattern for 4 weeks, to investigate their oxidative status.

Most existing nutritional assessment tools neglect intake of important foods consumed or omitted specifically by IBD patients or incorporate non-Western dietary habits, making the development of appropriate dietary guidelines for (Western) IBD patients difficult.

These studies suggest that the prudent or Mediterranean dietary pattern significantly decreases the risk of CRC compared to the Western dietary pattern; a lower dietary inflammatory index or a higher dietary quality index associates with a lower risk of CRC; closely following all aspects of the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research cancer prevention guidelines and recommendations correlates with a reduced risk of CRC.

However, western dietary habits, including foods high in sugar, salt and fat, and lack of exercise are still persistent, leading to obesity, diabetes and hypertension.

The incidence is related to increases with age and western dietary habits.

The least overall sustainable pattern was the Western dietary pattern.

For the Western dietary pattern score, the corresponding estimates were 1.

Aims The aim of this study was to investigate whether the Western dietary guidelines on fruit and vegetable intake are associated with blood pressure parameters and hypertension among Vietnamese adults.

Using principal component analysis, 3 dietary patterns were identified: rice based Korean food pattern, flour based western dietary pattern, and convenience food dietary pattern.

As the Sustainable Development Goal of Zero Poverty brings the poor in these regions into the middle-classes, there will be an assimilation of Western dietary patterns such as formula feeding and increased intake of livestock and their by-products.

Results: Two dietary patterns were identified: healthy and Western dietary patterns.

Further gene‐diet interactions were reported for, eg, a western dietary pattern with a T2D‐GRS, fat and carbohydrate with IRS1 rs2943641, and heme iron with variants of HFE.

In contrast, we demonstrated a weak but significant negative correlation between adherence to the western dietary pattern and the performance in several subjects.

Students with one to two and three or more children were more likely to follow a Western dietary pattern.

Herein, we review evidence that (1) excess sucrose consumption induces AD-associated liver pathologies and brain insulin resistance, (2) chronic stress overdrives activity of locus coeruleus neurons, leading to loss of function (a common event in neurodegeneration), (3) high-sugar diets and stress promote the loss of neuroprotective sex hormones in men and women, and (4) Western dietary trends set the stage for a lithium-deficient state.

The pooled analyses found that a Western dietary pattern was associated with a 14% increased risk (RR 1.

Fasting blood sugar was significantly lower in the first tertiles of the Western dietary pattern (p value of the fully adjusted model (model 2), 0.

62), while no significant association with western dietary pattern was observed (OR/RR = 0.

10), whereas the Western dietary pattern was related to the higher risk of EC (OR = 1.

Pueraria lobata root (PLR), well known as Kudzu root, has recently become commercially available in Western dietary supplements for menopausal symptoms.

Results: We identified two dietary patterns: the Prudent and the Western dietary patterns.

Four dietary patterns were identified as western dietary mode, savvy dietary mode, traditional dietary mode, and staple food mode.

The authors mention that there are oversights in the inclusion of risk values associated with the prudent and the western dietary patterns in some papers due to being calculated considering a different pattern as reference (OR = 1).

After controlling for potential confounders, children in the top quintile of the Western dietary pattern score had greater odds having ADHD, compared with those in the lowest quintile (odds ratio [OR] = 3.

Three dietary patterns were identified: western dietary pattern, meat pattern, and vegetables and fruits pattern.

There was no significant association between a Western dietary pattern and PAAD.

Results After adjustment for other risk factors, adherence to a Western dietary pattern was associated with the higher odds of fibrosis (OR: 4.

The Western dietary pattern can alter the gut microbiome and cause obesity and metabolic disorders.

Results: Two dietary patterns were identified: Healthy and Western dietary patterns.

Western dietary lifestyle has gained lots of attention globally with high level of patronage hence generating human health concern.

By contrast, no differences in LINE-1 methylation across tertiles of adherence to the Western dietary pattern were evident.

Kidney disease affects almost 15% of the US population, and prevalence is anticipated to grow as the population ages and the obesity epidemic continues due to Western dietary practices.

Western dietary patterns, containing large amounts of processed foods might create an imbalance in the gut system by affecting gut bacteria and their metabolism.

Results: After adjustment, subjects in the upper quartiles of western dietary pattern were more likely to have high total cholesterol concentrations than those in the first quartile (odds ratio [OR]: 2.

A Western dietary pattern has been associated with weight gain and obesity, and more recently with NAFLD.

A Western dietary pattern, characterized by a high intake of red and processed meats, refined grains, processed and fried foods in unhealthy oils, sweets and desserts, etc.

However, there were no significant associations between the Traditional and Western dietary patterns and depression symptoms.

The western dietary pattern was positively associated with overweight (p-for-trend=0.

By contrast, several echocardiographic parameters increased with increasing adherence to the western dietary pattern, which resulted in higher odds of cLVH among participants with high adherence (OR = 5.

A Western dietary pattern typically includes red and processed meat, sugar-sweetened foods and beverages, French fries, and high-fat dairy products, as well as refined grains, and has been linked to increased risk of many chronic diseases.

CONCLUSION The western dietary patterns were positively associated with PMS, whilst the healthy and traditional dietary patterns were inversely associated with it.

CONTEXT The intake of macronutrients as components of Western dietary pattern leads to oxidative stress and inflammation.

The top tertile of the Western dietary pattern significantly increased the odds of PCOS (odds ratio (OR), 2.