Introduction to Volcanic Lake

East Lake is an active volcanic lake with a “geogenic” ecosystem driven primarily by hydrothermal inputs.

3‰), diagnostic of a biogeochemical methane cycle or acetogenesis, in shale and sandstone deposited in ∼3 billion-years-old acidic volcanic lakes on the Kaapvaal Craton of southern Africa.

Surveys were performed on 45 water bodies corresponding to a representative data set and omitting only small ephemeral ponds to extensively research CO2 emissions from the volcanic lakes.

The volcanic lake can be considered as an ideal habitat for FeRB.

Volcanic lakes pose specific hazards inherent to the presence of water: phreatic and phreatomagmatic eruptions, lahars, limnic gas bursts and dispersion of brines in the hydrological network.

The approach has been applied for Lake Maninjau which is categorized as a deep, regulated, and tecto-volcanic lake located in West Sumatra Province, Indonesia.

For this, 124 samples were collected from 23 river systems, two volcanic lakes, and 45 locations inside and outside the barrier reef of Upolu Island, Samoa.

These finding were confirmed by more recent studies on other volcanic lakes in Italy.

This review chapter (1) presents new ideas on hazardous events related to volcanic lakes, (2) shows how volcanic lakes are perceived by the local populations and cultures (risk perception), (3) revises and proposes mitigation strategies, (4) provides tips on how to ideally interpret precursory signals of such events in a suited, multidisciplinary monitoring setup, and (5) can become a road map for future volcanic lake research, by posing unanswered questions and proposing working hypotheses.

In conclusion, we present an easy to implement method for very high CO2 concentrations in deep lakes, and we highly recommend the implementation of the sound speed-CTD probe combination at Lake Nyos and at other gas-laden volcanic lakes, as such an approach could safeguard the people living in the area with acceptable cost and effort for the operators.

that occurred in 1980s, other volcanic lakes such as those of the Adamaoua Plateau remain less documented.

The article presents and analyzes the original data on the morphological features and the current state of a previously unexplored volcanic lake Krasivoe located in the Urbich caldera (the Southern Kuriles).

Here, we assessed the potential of two neural networks-based models, namely the Case 2 Regional CoastColour (C2RCC) processor and the Mixture Density Network (MDN), applied to MSI Sentinel-2 data for monitoring Chlorophyll (Chl) content in three monomictic volcanic lakes while accounting for the effect of their specific water circulation pattern on the remotely-sensed and in situ data relation.

In summary, the composition of fluids and minerals is controlled by water–rock interaction through the volcanic and carbonatic rocks beneath this volcanic lake.

Hydrological loads can be either surface loads induced by precipitation, changes in water levels at crater volcanic lakes, or subsurface loads created by seasonal changes in groundwater levels.

To this end, in five sampling sites on the littoral zone of the volcanic Lake Averno (Italy), and in one occasion (autumn) before plant senescence, leaves of different ages and culms were collected and analyzed for metal concentrations.

<p>Acidic crater lakes are common features of subaerial volcanic systems; indeed, research suggests the existence of over 700 volcanic lakes around the world.

ABSTRACT Due to the concomitance of several factors related to progressive climate changes and to increased water management for anthropogenic usage, drastic fall in level of Bracciano Lake, a volcanic lake, 30 km northwest of Rome, was reported.

Ultimately, the palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the study area revealed the formation, evolution and demise of a tectonically controlled volcanic lake.

Here we investigate iGDGTs from surface sediments and suspended particulate matter (SPM) in a series of small volcanic lakes (areas: ∼0.

This research is of interest in order to determine (1) the overall CO2 emission from such lakes, as volcanic lakes are often underrepresented in the databases of these water bodies, and (2) the diffuse CO2 degassing estimates in active volcanic areas such as the Azores.

Volcanic lakes are of particular interest to geomorphologists and other professionals due to the diversity of the basins forms and the very dynamic development of lake systems.

Of several places that could get the status of geoparks in Georgia, Javaketi protected area is the most attractive; due to the presence of volcanic mountains (craters), volcanic canyons, volcanic lakes, the relict mountain forests(subalpine), routes of migratory birds, forms of ethno culture and ecological agriculture.

The volcanic lakes in Dieng Plateau offer some unique phenomena, which interest not only tourists but also scientists.

The 1986 lake roll-over event triggered scientific research on volcanic lakes, creating “Nyos biased” interpretations: the search for dissolved CO 2 in other lakes might have led to over-interpretations regarding hazard assessment.

The sedimentology, geochemistry, and plant microfossils of volcanic lake sediments from Cambodia were analysed to reconstruct a 4700 year record of change in moisture availability.

P immobilization would be partially restrained in the volcanic lakes of the region, making them more prone to eutrophication.

Understand the origin of the exotic strontium-rich calcite/magnesium-rich clay/silica deposits formed during the Early Cretaceous in the South Atlantic Pre-salt lakes is challenging our ability to comprehend the chemical evolution of alkaline volcanic lakes.

This study presents an outline of the extant aquatic micro and macrofiora of the volcanic lakes region of Western Victoria.

The approach is fully transferable to other volcanic lakes, and results will help to identify high-risk areas and develop suitable monitoring and risk mitigation measures.

While the products of this activity cover the eastern part of the caldera, the western half of the caldera is filled with a fresh volcanic lake.

The Miocene volcanic lake of Randecker Maar in the Swabian Alb has produced fossils of Lycosidae, Thomisidae and Salticidae (Schawaller & Ono, 1979; Wunderlich, 1986).

We conclude that real-time Multi-GAS monitoring can provide key insights into the mechanisms driving phreatic eruptions at Rincon de la Vieja, and perhaps at other similar volcanic lakes.

Segara Anak is a volcanic lake located in the Mount Rinjani National Park, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.

We investigate fluid pathways beneath volcanic lakes using bathymetry and geochemical measurements to locate best-possible drilling sites.

Indeed, it is estimated that almost 800 acidic volcanic lakes exist worldwide.

An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, yellowish, rod-shaped bacterium, designated DJ1R-1T, was isolated from water sample from a volcanic lake, located on Da Hinggan Ling Mountain, PR China.

Coatepeque (on the E slope of Santa Ana Volcano), Ilopango (inside Ilopango Caldera) and Chanmico (associated with San Salvador Volcano) are volcanic lakes in El Salvador, showing a thermocline at a relatively shallow depth (from 30 to 40 m, from 20 to 40 m and from 5 to 15 m depth, respectively) and anoxic conditions below 33, 24 and 4 m depth, respectively.

Lake Linow is an active volcanic lake located in Tomohon City, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Here, we systematically study LCA distributions, haptophyte-specific 18S rDNA sequences, and concentrations of major ions and trace elements in 18 freshwater volcanic lakes in northeastern China with an extended pH range from 7.

These unique events generated renewed interest in volcanic lake studies across the world, resulting in the creation of new associations such as the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI) Commission on Volcanic Lakes (IAVCEI-CVL) and institutional reforms regarding civil protection and disaster management as a whole in Cameroon and beyond.