Introduction to Vaccine Access

The article discusses the need for innovative national measures to ensure the vaccine access of refugees and migrants during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2021 Topics covered include immunization provision and monitoring, completion of vaccination doses via sharing of data, and the training of culturally competent medical staff to avoid discriminatory behaviour Also noted is the need to raise awareness for the health rights of refugees and migrants.

Purpose Solid organ transplant recipients are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but limited vaccine access and vaccine hesitancy can complicate efforts for expanded vaccination.

We commented on the need to level any uneven power dynamics in COVID-19 vaccine access and distribution.

† Monitoring demographic and social factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine access for older adults and prioritizing efforts to ensure equitable access to COVID-19 vaccine are needed to ensure high coverage among this group.

Findings suggest programs seeking to increase vaccine access should focus on reaching members of these demographic groups.

This article explores the impact of these COVID-19 inequities (and the underlying cause, structural racism) on vaccine acceptance in BIPOC populations, ways to establish trustworthiness of healthcare institutions, increase vaccine access for BIPOC communities, and inspire confidence in COVID-19 vaccines.

However, with limited vaccine access, vaccine hesitancy and variant breakthroughs, there is still a need for effective and safe early treatments.

3 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidance suggests that limited vaccine access, not vaccine hesitancy, has driven the lower uptake rates in at-risk populations.

Furthermore, we proposed recommendations for scaling up digital health technologies and AI-based platforms to tackle the pandemic and enable equitable vaccine access.

Potential practices include using renewable energy in production, storage, transportation and waste treatment, using better product design for packaging, using the Internet of Things (IoT) and big data analytics for better logistics, using real-time database management for better tracking of deliveries and public vaccination programmes, and using coordination platforms for more equitable vaccine access.

The primary data sources used were World Health Organization databases and the International Vaccine Access Centre Vaccine Information and Epidemiology Window-hub database.

a PATH, 2201 Westlake Ave, Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98121, USA b PATH, Rue de Varembé 7, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland c International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N.

Best practices to improve vaccine access and uptake should be targeted and should explicitly consider local socioeconomic vulnerability.

The real-world evidence of vaccine effectiveness makes it more imperative to improve vaccine access and uptake to reduce inequities in COVID-19 outcomes.

As the world races to vaccinate as many people as possible against COVID-19, mixing vaccines could be magic bullets against the ‘just really embarrassing’ inequality in global vaccine access.

My response to their comment claims that though well intended and to the point, the commentary misses a crucial bottleneck in research and development, namely, intellectual property rights (IPRs) that hinder the actualisation of global vaccine access.

CONCLUSIONS Optimizing uptake of influenza vaccination in the US may be improved by educational programs regarding vaccine safety and effectiveness and enhancing vaccine access, particularly among non-White and Hispanic Americans and those without medical insurance.

Strategies to improve uptake were focused on healthcare providers, pregnant women, or enhancing vaccine access.

Vaccine equity is not working because besides the role played by the fascists and the authoritarian regimes in denying vaccine access to their population, also, it is behind the cloak of human rights that the western countries are not sharing the knowledge of production and manufacturing of the basic life-saving technologies in the times of pandemic.

While permissive recommendations for use in pregnancy are ethically preferable to unjustly denying vaccine access, objectives to protect the frontline workforce will fall short until there is evidence to support explicit recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy.

When stability evaluation is exclusively based on real-time data, it may represent a bottleneck for rapid and effective vaccine access.

By ensuring the ethical inclusion of vulnerable groups in the vaccine development process and making a safe, effective vaccine accessible to all, pharmaceutical companies, governments, and international organisations can usher in a new era of global health that relies solely on ethical decision making.

a PATH, 2201 Westlake Ave, Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98121, USA b PATH, Rue de Varembé 7, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland c International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N.

Scott 1International Vaccine Access Center, and 2Center for Immunization Research, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; 3Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; 4Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; 5Department of Pathology, University of Otago Christchurch, and 6Canterbury Health Laboratories, Christchurch, New Zealand; and 7KEMRI-Welcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.

Future guidance must be relevant to local needs and values, to minimise any unwarranted heterogeneity in vaccine access across populations.

Future guidance must be relevant to local needs, values, and constraints, to minimize any unwarranted heterogeneity in vaccine access across populations.

Future research is needed to consider vaccine access challenges in tandem with mistrust as contributing to low vaccination rates across health conditions.

An intellectual property waiver alone will not solve the covid-19 vaccine access challenge, other steps will be needed.