Introduction to Ultrasonic Techniques

Here, the processing of Epoxy/Nanoclay-MWCNT hybrid composites has been done by using homogenizer and ultrasonic techniques for complete dispersion of nanoparticles into epoxy resin.

Ultrasonic techniques are well-suited to look inside the volume of the material but achieving sufficient sensitivity to the tip of the cracks in particular is practically difficult.

Considering the high sensitivity of nonlinear ultrasonic techniques in the nondestructive evaluation of microscopic defects in materials, such as identifying micro-defects at an early stage, it is particularly relevant to investigate the nonlinear acoustic response of FGWs in topographical waveguides.

With the new ultrasonic techniques and methods applied in NIT positioning, requirements for the sonographer (e.

This paper proposes a combination of high frequency ultrasonic techniques to characterize non-invasively the thickness of unwanted powder build-ups that occur in pipes and charge hoppers during industrial processes.

In the present work, damage progression in RC structure at different levels of damage is investigated using linear and nonlinear ultrasonic techniques.

In a second step of our integrated approach, and in order to diagnose the state of health of the inner part of the studied tree in a non-invasive way, laboratory and in situ non-invasive ultrasonic techniques were applied.

X-ray diffraction and ultrasonic techniques were used to characterize the glasses.

The strong material anisotropy and coarse grain make these welds very difficult to inspect using conventional ultrasonic techniques (UT) employed with piezoelectric transducers.

This study uses active and passive ultrasonic techniques and a three-dimensional flat-joint model (FJM3D) to quantitatively investigate the effects of these factors on the location and source mechanism with a Brazilian test, both in the laboratory and with numerical tests.

Unfortunately, inspection using conventional ultrasonic techniques is not reliable as the microstructure strongly attenuates ultrasonic waves.

Low and high frequency ultrasonic techniques offer a green strategy to synthesize multifunctional nanoparticles from small aromatic biological molecules and proteins with tunable size, morphology, and optical and bio-functional properties.

The prospects of using ultrasonic techniques in laboratory diagnostics are presented using HIV-infection as an example.

Then, the effect of sintering temperatures, up to 1300 °C, on their structure, molecular structure, microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ultrasonic techniques, respectively.

This work presents a non-destructive method for quantitative essessment of fatigue damage of materials with linear elastic properties using nonlinear ultrasonic techniques.

In this work, the stress-induced damage in concrete is monitored using ultrasonic techniques, exploiting the coupling between the stress level experienced by concrete and its wave propagation parameters.

The aim was to sonographically evaluate the reproductive tract of bitches during the follicular phase of the estrous cycle using High Density (HD) ultrasonic techniques.

Ultrasonic techniques are widely used for the detection of defects in solid structures.

This paper presents the results of a project aimed at evaluating the performance of ultrasonic techniques for detecting flaws in Francis turbine runners.

A sensor network made of Piezoelectric elements (PZT) allows the application of Ultrasonic techniques, to monitor the damaged structure and calculate signal related features called Damage Indexes (DIs).

Ultrasonic techniques are applied to treat polluted soils because they are efficient, expeditious, inexpensive, and environmentally safe.

This paper focuses on the application of acoustic and ultrasonic techniques for the detection and assessment of leaks, blockages and defect in buried pipes.

The methods employed for this step can be very varied, ranging from removal with the aid of rasps, drills, ultrasonic techniques, to bone windows for direct access to the plug.

We have built a Fizeau fiber interferometer to investigate the internal cylindrical defects in an aluminum plate based on laser ultrasonic techniques.

Non-contact ultrasonic techniques are fundamental to devise online monitoring systems for moving or difficult to access structures.

This work focused on the modification of a WO3 surface by incorporating a TiO2 surface via ultrasonic techniques to produce a nano-composite in the ratio 1:2 WO3:TiO2.

This paper will review and summarize the recent advancements in non-destructive testing techniques, namely, sweep frequency approach, ground penetrating radar, infrared technique, fiber optics sensors, camera-based methods, laser scanner techniques, acoustic emission and ultrasonic techniques.

Ultrasonic techniques are suitable for this purpose as they are nondestructive, quick, and provide localized mechanical information about the tissue, which is related with its degree of demineralization.

Different techniques available for damage inspection are ultrasonic techniques, acoustic emission technique, vibration techniques and guided wave methods have been reviewed for their principle of working and applications areas.

The methods employed for this step can be very varied, ranging from removal with the aid of rasps, drills, ultrasonic techniques, to bone windows for direct access to the plug.

The motivation of this research was the possible application of ultrasonic techniques to the study of interstellar and cometary ice analogs.

This study employs nonlinear ultrasonic techniques to track microstructural changes in additively manufactured metals.

These range from magnetic methods to ultrasonic techniques.

By employing acoustic and ultrasonic techniques, the loss of food samples during application of the analysis can be prevented, especially the quality determination of large-volume foods, and thus possible economic gain will be achieved due to the food loss.

Air-coupled ultrasonic techniques based on rapid and contactless inspection are useful for various applications, such as ranging finding, surface profile measurement, and non-destructive evaluation.

The combination of ultrasonic techniques and dental operating microscopes appear to be effective in removal of separated instruments when compared to more randomized techniques.

In this paper, a comprehensive set of linear and nonlinear ultrasonic techniques was performed to investigate the properties of the interface between the roller-compacted concrete (RCC) layers.

The research considers the NDT results with through-transmission ultrasonic techniques of samples of adhesive joints and three-layer polymer composite structures with artificial defects simulating the common failures of parts for aerospace equipment.

To date, ultrasonic techniques and video cameras are in use for inspection of components’ integrity and with measurements of volumetric and surface crack opening displacements, respectively.

As of today, there is a range of ultrasonic techniques that cater to finding and sizing of the extent of corrosion.

The integrated application of <em>in situ</em> CRP and ultrasonic techniques provides a full 3D high resolution model of the investigated artifact.

Numerical simulation of nonlinear elastic wave propagation in solids with cracks is indispensable for decoding the complicated mechanisms associated with the nonlinear ultrasonic techniques in Non-Destructive Testing (NDT).

This study determines the thermophysical properties of nanofluids using ultrasonic techniques.

Therefore, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were developed as an oral delivery system for TMS by the high shear method combined with ultrasonic techniques in this study.

This paper describes a novel approach to improve image quality in these situations, by combining three ultrasonic techniques: Phased Array with dynamic depth focusing in reception, Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique (SAFT) and Phase Coherence Imaging (PCI).

Ultrasonic techniques have been proved to be useful for detection and characterization of flaws in solid structures.

Nonlinear ultrasonic techniques are very sensitive to the early presence of damage, more so than linear techniques.

The technique is based on changes in ultrasonic waves when propagated through the material under study, with the difference that this technique does not use traditional parameters of ultrasonic techniques but digital signal processing (RMS and Counts).

Recent developments in laser ultrasonic techniques have opened up the opportunity for remote inspection of large structures on account of its non-contact nature and its ability deliver a higher magnitude of energy (~1 Joule) in comparison to the existing methods (order of μJoule).

Rail inspection is commonly carried out by ultrasonic techniques that involve a pitch-catch or pulse-echo scheme to detect internal flaws.

This paper presents the application of ultrasonic techniques for measuring the thickness of wavy thin liquid films ( 0.

Another mechanism pointed out was the growth of crystals, which can be inhibited by means of ultrasonic techniques.

Application of ultrasonic techniques for enhancing the separation process of membrane is also reviewed.

Nonlinear ultrasonic techniques have shown the prominent potential for assessing progressive damage occurred in the composite materials in their fatigue life cycles.

The objective of this study is to investigate ultrasonic techniques to distinguish between different food-grade oils based on their fatty acid (FA) composition.

We have measured the elastic moduli of liquid and glassy n-propanol and propylene glycol (PG) under pressure by ultrasonic techniques and have recalculated similar characteristics for glycerol from the previous experiment.

It is envisaged that the present results may well find important practical applications in various guided wave based ultrasonic techniques utilising gels and rubber-like materials.

Ultrasonic techniques are commonly applied to determine elastic parameters in laboratory experiments and for condition assessment of existing wooden structures.

This article investigates the impact that the rake and rear faces of the drill made from high-speed steels of grade P6M5 and grinded by ultrasonic techniques imposes on the roughness of the holes being machined.

The method is supported by both numerical and experimental results using immersion ultrasonic techniques.

β-chitin nanofibers (β-ChNFs) were efficiently prepared from squid pens by a combination of ball milling and ultrasonic techniques.

The characterisation of the thermomechanical behaviour (elastic properties and damage monitoring) was carried out thanks to ultrasonic techniques (US echography and Acoustic Emission).

The proper placement of the cement is typically evaluated using sonic and ultrasonic techniques.

Local defect resonance (LDR) is one of the nonlinear ultrasonic techniques introduced recently for detection of damages in composites structures.

Existing high-frequency ultrasonic techniques offer high detection sensitivity to cracks but have poor inspection volume coverage, limiting their practical use for monitoring large areas of structures.

In this study, it is proposed to utilize the capacitance and ultrasonic techniques in an integrated industrial device that can be used in gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow measurements for practical purposes.

The inductive and ultrasonic techniques are analyzed from their sizes, operating distance, power transfer efficiency, output power, and overall system efficiency standpoints.

We investigated non-invasive flow rate measurements in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems utilizing thermal transduction instead of commonly used ultrasonic techniques.

In addition to traditional colonoscopy, ultrasonic techniques can detect colitis, but have limited spatial resolution, which frequently results in underdiagnoses.

Ultrasonic techniques could be good candidates to aid the assessment of osteoporosis detection, due to their non-intrusiveness and low cost.

This review summarizes the common domestic and foreign ultrasonic techniques based on recent advances and classical literatures.

To identify PCa during TRUS imaging, we combine information from four ultrasonic techniques: acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging, shear wave elasticity imaging (SWEI), quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and B-mode ultrasound.

Nowadays, railway track crack detection system has many techniques, such as Ultrasonic Techniques [1], Electromagnetic Techniques [2] and GSM Techniques [3].

Ultrasonic techniques are developed at CEA (French Alternative Energies and Nuclear Energy Commission) for in-service inspection of sodium-cooled reactors (SFRs).

In nonlinear ultrasonic techniques, the material nonlinearity is observable in the ultrasonic signal through the generation of higher harmonics (HH).

Ultrasonic techniques are suitable for monitoring complex processes in several industrial applications.

Finally, a structural analysis using Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) ultrasonic techniques has been carried out based on deconvolution and resonant spectroscopy.

Unlike conventional cross-modulation based nonlinear ultrasonic techniques, this new method does not require two separate excitation sources.

In this chapter defying the conventional nonlinear ultrasonic techniques, a newly formulated nonlocal approach is presented to quantify the damage precursor in materials at its early stage of the service life.

Introduction: Different models of spirometers use varying methods including turbine, pneumotach or ultrasonic techniques to obtain measurements.

Firstly, bovine whey proteins was pretreated by ultrasonic techniques, and its secondary structure was detected by circular dichroism.

General nonlinear ultrasonic techniques (NUTs) use tone-burst ultrasonic waves with a narrow bandwidth so that the fundamental frequency component and the second-order harmonic component can be clearly separated in the frequency domain.

Among the various non-destructive test techniques, one of the ultrasonic techniques, ultrasonic testing using leaky Rayleigh wave, are very useful for measuring micro-defects that occur on surfaces.

The main disadvantage of conventional ultrasonic techniques is that the overall inspection of wheels requires the train to be put out-of-service and disassembly each part, which is time-consuming and expensive.

The corrosion effect on the acoustics and elastics parameters of steel plates corroded are studied by ultrasonic techniques.

Nonlinear acoustic techniques are established tools for the characterization of micro-inhomogeneous materials with higher sensitivity, compared to linear ultrasonic techniques.