Introduction to Triboelectric Nanogenerator

The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a promising technology for mechanical energy harvesting.

In this work, an ultra-stretchable and healable hydrogel-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is prepared for mechanical energy harvesting and self-powered sensing.

Fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are promising candidates as wearable energy-harvesting devices and self-powered sensors.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted many research endeavors as self-powered sensors for force, velocity, and gas detection based on solid-solid or solid-air interactions.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have broad application prospects in flexible electronics and self-powered sensing devices.

Textile triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a kind of smart textile technology that integrates traditional flexible and wearable textile materials with emerging and advanced TENG science, which not only embraces the capabilities of autonomous energy harvesting and active self-powered sensing, but also maintains original wearability and desired comfortability.

Inspired by the contact-separation mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), we propose a technique for local surface charge density measurement based on atomic force microscopy.

A lightweight contact separation mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) plays a role for the conversion from the tiny mechanical input into usable electric power.

Based on the contact electrification and electrostatic induction, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can convert the ambient mechanical energy into an electrical one.

The development of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) technology which can directly convert ambient mechanical energy into electric energy may affect areas from green energy harvesting to emerging wearing electronics.

As a method of enhancing the electrical output of the triboelectric nanogenerator, specialized for harvesting mechanical energy, structural modification to amplify the input force is receiving attention due to the limited input energy level.

Alternatively, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can be seen as a promising technology by harvesting mechanical energy for powering small-scale electronics.

Importantly, the SPMSS demonstrates excellent properties as triboelectric nanogenerator (4 × 4 cm2 ), including ultrahigh triboelectric output (open-circuit voltage VOC  = 540 V, short-circuit current ISC  = 42 µA, short-circuit charge QSC  = 317 nC) and power density (7.

A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) made with two radial-cut wood samples (L × R × T: 35 × 20 × 1 mm3), respectively functionalized with ZIF-8 and PDMS, can generate an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 24.

By adopting the revolution and rotation movements of tapered rollers, which serve as both the rotor of the electromagnetic generator (EMG) part and freestanding layers of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) part, the WEH can work as a sustainable power source and a self-powered wind speed sensor.

Fiber and textile triboelectric nanogenerators (f/t-TENGs), capable of converting biomechanical energy into electricity, have promising features to act as a mobile sustainable power source for wearable electronics or directly serve as an intelligent self-powered sensing solution.

The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a new energy technology to convert mechanical energy into electricity based on contact electrification and electrostatic induction.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) that convert mechanical energy into electricity have been considered as an economical strategy for energy harvesting.

A self-charging power system composed of cellulose organohydrogel based supercapacitor and triboelectric nanogenerator is constructed in the present work.

Herein, we highlight the simplistic fabrication of a light-weight, flexible self-charging power pack by the prudent integration of two paper-based high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators (HPTENGs), one commercial semi-flexible photovoltaic/solar cell and a paper-based all-solid-state asymmetric-type supercapacitor (ASSASC) with optimized performance.

The surface charge density of the tribo-layer is the paramount parameter to determine the electrical output of triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG).

The continuous quest to enhance the output performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on the surface charge density of the tribolayer has motivated researchers to harvest mechanical energy efficiently.

Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), a promising energy harvesting technique, has attracted intense research interests in recent years for its applicability in portable and wearable electronics.

The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), a novel promising energy-harvesting technology, has attracted increasing attention across a broad range of applications from self-powered sensing to implantable medical devices to blue energy.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) can harvest mechanical energy by using the displacement current generated by a time-variant electric field.

Therefore, a novel triboelectric nanogenerator (SC-TENG) based on the sock cloth to harvest mechanical energy.

By implementing a soft magnetic-coupled triggering strategy, the hybrid electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator shows high output performance under a broad range of rotational motions (50–1000 rpm) with excellent robustness.

The as-prepared additive-free PVDF aerogel shows high output performance when used as a triboelectric layer in a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG).

Herein, we report a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-based E-skin capable of biomechanical energy harvesting and self-pressure sensing without an external power source.

Here, we firstly report a fully-transparent and stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator (EC-TENG) based on edible grade silica gel (EGSG) and crystal mud (CM) to enable both biomechanical energy harvesting and human posture sensing.

Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been demonstrated as a revolutionary energy-harvesting technology toward distributed energy sources and self-powered systems, however, its output performance is significantly affected by humidity, which seriously limits.

As a new energy harvesting technology, nanogenerator represented by triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) has attracted wide attention because it can effectively utilize renewable energy.

In this work, a fully self-powered, instantaneous-mechanical-stimuli-triggered, normally transparent smart window was developed based on an elaborately tailored cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) and a freestanding sliding triboelectric nanogenerator (FS-TENG).

Here, we propose a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based fully self-powered, instantaneous wireless sensor system which yet does not contain electronic devices and chips, but the passive components only.

With an extremely simple and universal configuration, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged and performed huge advantages in converting low-frequency mechanical energy into electricity.

As an emerging technology, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) can effectively harvest varied environmental low frequency mechanical energy and convert it into electricity with the merits of low cost, environmentally friendliness and strong adaptability, showing a great potential as a distributed power source.

Non-contact triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) enabled for both high conversion efficiency and durability is appropriate to harvest random micro energy owing to the advantage of low driving force.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have drawn much attention due to their high conversion efficiency.

Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), as a renewable energy harvesting technology, has been verified as an effective approach for converting mechanical energy into electric energy.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are new renewable energy harvesting devices that convert small-scale mechanical movements into electrical energy.

As an emerging ambient energy harvesting technology, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have been proven as robust power sources, and furthermore self-powered electronics which are promising to construct human-machine interfaces due to the unique feature of the integration of powering itself and functionalities.

In recent years, ambient energy harvesting technologies have become a sustainable, clean, and promising strategy for the distribution of energy demand, and various types of generators have been developed based on different working mechanisms, such as solar cells, electromagnetic generators, thermoelectric generators, piezoelectric generators, and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs).

The development of high-performance and low-cost durable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) is essential for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Above all, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based on the combination of contact electrification and electrostatic induction has been researched as a method of converting mechanical energy into electricity.

The invention of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which can transform mechanical energy into electricity, is a promising approach to build SPES by integrating with electrochemistry.

Triboelectric nanogenerators are devices that can transform mechanical energy into electrical energy, and regulating their performance is critical for energy harvesting applications and other applications where they act as sensors.

Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG) technology is more suitable for harvesting low-frequency than electromagnetic power generation technology.

A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has great advantages in harvesting low-frequency mechanical energy, which is very suitable for energy harvesters and active sensors for breeze wind.

Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) can convert mechanical stimuli to electricity, which not only shows great potential in sensing but also is widely used in various HMI applications.

[15–21] Self-powered technology by triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) shows great potential for distributed power sources with advantages of cost effective, light weight, and high conversion efficiency.

Although triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on liquid-solid interface have offered a new method for wave energy harvesting, some challenges still remain such as the relatively low energy power density and energy conversion efficiency.

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) that work in sliding mode are ideal for harnessing large-distance reciprocating motion, and their energy conversion efficiency could be greatly enhanced by adding springs to them.

When this dielectric was used in a non-contact mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), it achieved high output power and reliable operation.

Recently, the advent of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) has brought about a plethora of self-powered wound healing opportunities, owing to their pertinent features, including wide range choices of constitutive biocompatible materials, simple fabrication, portable size, high output power, and low cost.

Inspired by the contact-separation mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), we propose a technique for local surface charge density measurement based on atomic force microscopy.

Here, we developed a self-powered water sterilization device, which consists of a rotating-disk freestanding triboelectric-layer mode triboelectric nanogenerator (RF-TENG), a voltage-multiplying circuit, and a water droplet control system.

In this work, we reported a tribo-induced smart reflector to achieve the self-powered wireless sensing of the air flow by combining an aerodynamics-driven triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and a silver-coated polymer network liquid crystal.

Here, we report on a commercial coin battery-sized high-performance inertia-driven triboelectric nanogenerator (I-TENG) based on body motion and gravity.

Inspired from Japanese Muira-origami structures, we propose a "W-tube" shaped triboelectric nanogenerator (WTN) with the two pieces of electret films encapsulated inside to isolate the humid environment.

This study proposes a bolt-shaped triboelectric nanogenerator (BS-TENG) that can be used for trajectory detection during rock-climbing training.

Although liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator (LS-TENG) has been taken into consideration as a remarkable promising renewable clean energy source for electronic devices, their performances are still limited to be practically utilized owing to the weak polarity and inadequate functional groups of triboelectric materials.

Besides, it is also unclear whether such a curvature effect is valid for different materials in contact, such as for a liquid-solid triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG).

Wearable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are considered viable for mobile applications of self-powered electronics operating on human body but limited by relatively low output performance.

We report a water-resistive and wearable triboelectric nanogenerator on a polyurethane/polyester textile substrate with a planarization layer.

Herein, we highlight the simplistic fabrication of a light-weight, flexible self-charging power pack by the prudent integration of two paper-based high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators (HPTENGs), one commercial semi-flexible photovoltaic/solar cell and a paper-based all-solid-state asymmetric-type supercapacitor (ASSASC) with optimized performance.

This study developed a simple but efficient method to prepare pure and cross-linked HA hydrogel films by solvent evaporation, and fabricate biocompatible, biodegradable, and high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators based on the HA hydrogel film (HA-TENGs).

Herein we present a novel triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) employing solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) as a stretchable and transparent electrode for the first time.

Therefore, a novel triboelectric nanogenerator (SC-TENG) based on the sock cloth to harvest mechanical energy.

Hence, in this work, an artificial kinesthetic system is developed which consists of a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator (S-TENG) that can be attached to human skin and a field effect synaptic transistor (FEST).

In addition, the EHFs-based single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) give short-circuit transferred charge of 38.

Herein, an artificial multisensory integration nervous system with haptic and iconic perception behaviors is developed by integrating flexible triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with organic photosynaptic transistor, where lead-free perovskite (Cs2AgBiBr6) quantum dots (QDs) are firstly presented.

Recent advances in achieving flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) focus widely on utilizing and modifying abundant natural biopolymer.

Stretchable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) attract much attentions in the field of wearable electronics owing to their unique capabilities of ambient energy harvesting, especially from human activities, serving as sustainable power source as well as functional sensing device.

Flexible and stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator (FS-TENG) is an excellent candidate of energy harvesters and tactile sensors as which can collect and induce electrical signals during daily activities and thus for self-powering wearable electronics.

Textile triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) that integrate the newly developed TENG science and traditional textile technology have attracted intense attentions, due to their broad potential applications in wearable power supply and self-powered sensors.

Textile triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a kind of smart textile technology that integrates traditional flexible and wearable textile materials with emerging and advanced TENG science, which not only embraces the capabilities of autonomous energy harvesting and active self-powered sensing, but also maintains original wearability and desired comfortability.

Although triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on liquid-solid interface have offered a new method for wave energy harvesting, some challenges still remain such as the relatively low energy power density and energy conversion efficiency.

Although triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been developed as a new green energy source, the dominant charge transfer mechanism regarding surface chemistry has not been fully uncovered yet, especially in semiconductor materials.

Recently, grating-structured triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) operating in freestanding mode have been the subject of intensive research.

In this regard, a simple, scalable, and one-pot electrospinning fabrication technique was utilized to construct an all-fiber-structured triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG).

The development of high-performance and low-cost durable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) is essential for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Finding a new, sustainable and scalable approach to fabricate high-performance, durable triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) is an ongoing pursuit.

We report the development of low-cost triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) based on polypropylene (PP) fabrics formulated via an inexpensive melt-blowing process with an output voltage as high as 50 V.

In this paper, an innovative origami structure is deployed to create a novel, flexible, lightweight, and low-cost triboelectric nanogenerator (Miura-Ori-TENG).

Summary Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is considered as a potential solution to harvest distributed energy for the sustainable and reliable power supply of the internet of things.

Summary Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are able to convert low-frequency biomechanical motions into characteristically high-voltage and low-current electrical signals via a coupling of contact electrification and electrostatic induction.

Free-standing rotary triboelectric nanogenerators (rTENG) can accomplish special tasks which require both high voltage and high frequency.

With the excellent structural design, rotary triboelectric nanogenerator (R-TENG) is suitable for harvesting mechanical energy such as wind energy and water energy to build a self-powered electrochemical system for environmental science.

The artificial synapse is composed of an optoelectronic transistor based on graphene/MoS2 heterostructure and an integrated triboelectric nanogenerator.

In this work, an integrated triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with a polymer tube is constructed to harvest acoustic energy from the environment, which can work stably in the frequency ranging from 20 Hz to 1000 Hz.

Our results thus pave the way for the production of a viable polymeric and biocompatible tribopositive material with improved power generation, for possible use in implantable triboelectric nanogenerators.

For example, implantable triboelectric nanogenerators (iTENG) have been employed to make use of heart beats to power wireless communication for real-time cardiac monitoring.

Face masks have been an effective and indispensable personal protective measure against particulate matter pollutants and respiratory diseases, especially the novel Coronavirus disease recently However, disposable surgical face masks suffer from low filtration efficiency for particles ranging from nano- to micro-size, and the limited service life of ~ 4h Here, a nano/micro fibrous hybrid air filter mask composing of electrospun nanofibrous network and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene:poly(styrenesulfonate) coated polypropylene (PP) is proposed Furthermore, the resultant filter is supplied with tribo-charges by a freestanding sliding triboelectric nanogenerator Through the enhanced synergistic effect of mechanical interception and electrostatic forces, the hybrid air filter demonstrates high filtration efficiency for particle size of 11 5nm to 2 5µm, with a 9 3–34 68% enhancement for particles of 0 3–2 5µm compared to pristine PP, and 48-h stable filtration efficiency of 94% (0 3–0 4µm) and 99% (1–2 5µm) with a low pressure drop of ~110Pa In addition, sterilization ability of the tribo-charge enhanced air filter is demonstrated This work provides a facile and cost-effective approach for state-of-the-art face masks toward high filtration performance of nano- to micro- particles with greatly extended service life.

In this work, a fully self-powered, instantaneous-mechanical-stimuli-triggered, normally transparent smart window was developed based on an elaborately tailored cholesteric liquid crystal (LC) and a freestanding sliding triboelectric nanogenerator (FS-TENG).

In this work, a transparent, flexible, temperature-stable and ionogel electrode-based self-healing triboelectric nanogenerator (IS-TENG) was developed.

ABSTRACT Self-healing triboelectric nanogenerators (SH-TENGs) with fast self-healing, high output performance, and wearing comfort have wide and promising applications in wearable electronic devices.

Here, a hybrid nanogenerator containing soft-contact cylindrical triboelectric nanogenerator and electromagnetic generator with swing structure was designed for ultra-low frequency wave energy converting.

The hybrid generator consists of a multilayered soft-brush cylindrical triboelectric nanogenerator (MBC-TENG) and a rotary disc electromagnetic generator (RD-EMG).

There are many studies on the use of solid-liquid triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to harvest energy from water motion to obtain sustainable electrical energy, but there are very few studies on the collection of oil Kinetic energy.

A solid-liquid triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has attracted increasing research interest in relation to the development of regeneration energy based on water resources.