Introduction to Treg Response

Together, our results identify LKB1 as a critical regulator of DC-driven effector T cell and Treg responses both in the periphery and the thymus.

Our data demonstrate for the first time the key-role of a balanced TEFF/TReg response following injury needed to reach successful regeneration using bone as a model system.

Particularly, the BCG-vaccinated IL-10KO mice showed less inflammation after TB challenge compared to WT mice, which was supported by the promoted Th1 and Tc, as well as the downregulated Treg responses in IL-10 deficiency.

Like in IL-22 deficiency, IL-18 deficiency was associated with an increased susceptibility to VVC and unbalanced Th17/Treg response, suggesting that IL-18 can regulate both the innate and the adaptive responses to the fungus.

The authors thus focused on the microbiota and investigated whether the association between microbiota and lung allograft rejection may be related to microbiota-induced alterations in Treg responses.

However, IL‐37 had no significant effect on Th1 and Treg response including in IFN‐&ggr;, IL‐10, T‐bet, and Foxp3 expression.

CONCLUSIONS OX40L is protective during the effector phase of murine crescentic GN by reducing the expansion of CD4 T cells and enhancing Treg responses in the LNs, and by locally inhibiting T-cell IFNγ production and pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype in the kidney.

Our data suggest that mangiferin exerted anti-asthmatic effect through decreasing Th9 and Th17 responses and increasing Treg response in OVA-induced asthmatic mouse model.

Here, we used different AhR-dependent activation strategies aiming to improve the Treg response, and B6 congenic mice carrying a mutant AhR variant with low affinity for its ligands (AhRd) to evaluate the role of AhR activation by natural ligands during experimental T.

Ineffective circulating Treg response is involved in the pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome.

Transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b) stimulated naive T cells induce a Treg response.

These results showed that the long-term protective mechanism of IL-33 in ischemic stroke may be partly associated to its modulation role for splenic T-cell immune responses through inhibiting Th1 response and promoting Treg response, suggesting that IL-33 may be a candidate treatment for human stroke via modulating the peripheral immune system following stroke.

NP enhanced allergic inflammation in the AR mouse model through upregulation of Th2, Th9, and Th17 responses and negative regulation of Treg responses.

obv egg significantly ameliorated the severity of the DSS colitis, indicated by the reduced disease manifestations, improved histopathological scores correlated with the up regulation of Treg responses and down regulation of proinflammatory cytokines.

MDSCs promoted endogenous Treg response that also included a de novo conversion.

pneumoniae via the nasal route (i) reduced the pulmonary inflammation response, with decreased numbers of lung innate immune cells (macrophages and neutrophils) and cytokines (mouse keratinocyte-derived chemokine [KC], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α]) in the bronchoalveolar fluid, and (ii) induced an immunosuppressive Treg response in lungs.

The frequency of suppressive TREG, CM TREG proliferation, and IL-10 production were all lower in PSP who go on to progress at a later time-point, supporting the importance of an active TREG response in preventing disease progression.

The stimulation of the Treg response may contribute to the alleviated allergic inflammation.

Our data suggest that ERβ+CD4+ T cells represent a potential biomarker for evaluating IBD disease severity, and ERβ activation may be valuable for the treatment of IBD by enhancing the Treg response.

Breg cell might be a key upstream regulatory cell that induces IL‐10+ Treg response and supports FoxP3+ Treg cell population which, in turn, mediate the parasite‐imposed immunosuppression of allergic airway inflammation.

This consists of a balance between the Th1 and Th2 response, and a dynamic Treg response that is hypothesized to regulate overall events within the immune system.

We have previously shown that antigen-loaded anionic liposomes composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and cholesterol can induce strong antigen-specific Treg responses.

These results demonstrate that oral administration of 14BME20 suppresses airway inflammation by enhancing Treg responses and suggest that the 14BME20 isolated from doenjang may be a therapeutic agent for allergic asthma.

Using this model, we investigated the Treg responses during exacerbated periodontal disease in pregnant mice.

EcN MVs derived intricate Th1/Th2/Th17/Th22/Treg responses consistent with the beneficial effects of this probiotic.

Notably, strategies that support an antigen-specific Treg response may limit the immune-inflammatory response and promote cardiac repair after acute MI.

identify the thymic CD11b cDC2 subset, which is associated with regulation of tTreg responses, but not thymic cDC1s or pDCs, to be a key player in inducing tTregs upon LKB1 loss.

butyricum and norfloxacin treatment both reduced Th17 response and increased Treg response in the gastrointestinal tract and extra-gastrointestinal organ systems in EAE mice.

We previously showed that the commensal microbe segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) induces antigen-specific Th17 cells, while Helicobacter hepaticus (Hh) induces an antigen-specific Treg response.

Maturation of splenic DC and Th1/Th17/Treg response in the CNS and peripheral were also detected.

Therefore, newer small molecules, biologics as well as adoptive cell therapy (ACT) approaches are being tested to augment or undermine Treg responses in the context of autoimmunity and cancer.

Graphical Mice treated with CpG-AKp NPs were protected from anaphylactic reaction and induced a Th1/Treg response.

The positive correlations between glutamine metabolism, IL-23 levels, and Treg responses are confirmed in both TCGA cohort and tumors from Shanghai ccRCC patients.

Functionality was not affected by Tconv differentiation, but higher APC activation in aggregate was associated with higher CD8+IL10+ Treg responses to SEB.

The results of immunologic assays showed that the highest cell-mediated immunity cytokines were produced in IL-17 receiving group in which the Treg responses were suppressed previously by the administration of the Foxp3 as an immunogen.

Interestingly, the total CD4+CD25+ T cells from AKI patients presented significantly lower inhibitory capacity than those from healthy controls, indicating that the low frequency of CD4+CD25+TIM-3+ T cells was restricting the efficacy of the Treg responses in AKI patients.

Our objective was to study the peripheral Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg response in GDM compared to normal pregnancy.

Results showed that, in vivo, dioscin treatment significantly reduced the severity of CIA, which was accompanied by decreased Th17 response, but not Th1 and Treg response; dioscin-treated mice also showed lower percentage of CD11b + Gr-1 + neutrophils; In vitro, dioscin treatment suppressed the differentiation of naive CD4 + T cells into Th17 cell and decreased IL-17A production.

Cysteine peptidase inhibitors (CPI), which are found in the secretions of numerous parasites, often induce immunosuppression by subverting Th1 mechanisms and drawing the immune system towards a Th2/Treg response.

To clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms of this disease, we performed a temporal analysis of immune response-mediated inflammatory progression in a cigarette smoke (CS)-induced mouse model with a focus on the balance between Th17 and Treg responses.

Using TCR transgenic mice and in-vivo live imaging, we are currently exploring antigen-specific Treg responses in microbiome-replete and germ-free settings.