Introduction to Sodium Adsorption
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within residual sodium carbonate
Water quality was
assessed using the following parameters: pH value, electrical conductivity
(EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), ionic balance, sodium adsorption ratio
(SAR) and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) value.
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Based on their concentrations, the Nemerow index and the four evaluation systems of the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), sodium concentration (SC), permeability index (PI), and residual sodium carbonate (RSC) were applied to evaluate the pollution characteristics and irrigation application.
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within exchangeable sodium percentage
The mixtures were analyzed for water retention, available water capacity, water storage capacity, S-index, soil aggregate stability (SAS), and chemical quality based on pH, effective electrical conductivity (ECe), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP).
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an increase in soil salinity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), Soil erodibility factor (K-factor), and heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Ni)) and positively (e.
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within irrigation water quality
Current irrigation water quality guidelines for sodicity hazard, in use since the 1980s, are based on assessments of salinity (Electrical conductivity, EC) and sodicity (Sodium Adsorption Ratio, SAR), where SAR considers the positive effects of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) against the adverse effects of sodium (Na) on soil permeability.
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Moreover, the combination of the irrigation water quality parameters such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Sodium Ratio (%Na), Chloride concentration, and Permeability Index (PI) provided a guidance for evaluating the problems that might be developed in soil due to current irrigation practices in the study area.
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within water quality index
Water quality indices namely Sodium Adsorption Ratio, Exchangeable Sodium Percent (SSP or %Na), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC or RA, Kelly's Ratio, Permeability Index, Chloroalkaline indices, Potential Salinity, Magnesium Hazard, Total Dissolved Salts and Total Hardness (TH) have been calculated for separate bore wells.
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We employed multiple methods (diagrams, bivariate analyses, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), water quality index (WQI), correlation analysis, and forward model) for the above purposes.
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within soluble sodium percentage
The sodium adsorption ratio, soluble sodium percentage, magnesium hazard, residual sodium concentration used to evaluating the irrigation water quality index indicated all water samples were good and can be used for irrigation.
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The suitability of gathered samples of water for irrigation was evaluated throughout: salinity index, sodium hazard (Na %), ratio of sodium adsorption (SAR), chloride hazards, soluble sodium percentage (SSP), magnesium ratio (MH), and other indicators.
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within magnesium adsorption ratio
The water quality assessment was carried out by applying sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratio, permeability index, Kelly’s ratio, magnesium adsorption ratio, action ratio of soil structural stability, and water quality index.
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Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), Sodium Percentage (Na %), Kelly Ratio (KR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Residual Sodium Bicarbonate (RSBC), Permeability Index (PI) and Potential Salinity (PS) with their mean values 0.
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within ratio residual sodium
These chemical constituents are used to calculate parameters, namely total hardness, sodium adsorption ratio, residual sodium carbonate, sodium percentage, Kelley’s ratio and magnesium hazard.
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In contrast, most groundwater samples are found suitable for irrigation purposes by computing sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratio, salinity hazard, Kelly ratio, residual sodium carbonate and permeability index.
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within % residual sodium
The electrical conductivity (EC) of the river water was within the range of 750–5000 μmoh/cm, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) Classification indicated that all samples were excellent and good range, sodium percentage (Na %) 20–80%, residual sodium carbonate (RSC) < 1.
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The groundwater quality for irrigation has been evaluated based on the indices: permeability index (PI), Kelly Ratio (KR), magnesium hazard (MH), sodium percent (Na%), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR).
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within percent sodium %
According to Percent Sodium (%Na), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), all groundwater samples are suitable for agricultural irrigation activities.
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The irrigation suitability was assessed using indices such as sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), percent sodium (%Na), and permeability index (PI).
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within sodium percentage %
Also, Sodium Adsorption Rate (SAR), Permanent Sodium Carbonate (RSC) and Sodium Percentage (% Na) values were calculated with the data obtained.
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The pollution index of groundwater (PIG) was estimated based on the physicochemical parameters, and seven indices, including the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), sodium percentage (%Na), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), permeability index (PI), magnesium ratio (MR), Kelley’s ratio (KR), and corrosivity ratio (CR), were calculated to qualify the groundwater within the research area for irrigation activities.
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within ratio sodium percentage
Further, according to the observed Kelly’s ratio, sodium adsorption ratio, sodium percentage, corrosivity ratio and permeability index, the groundwater samples were found to be fit for irrigation purpose.
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Attention was given on the examination of EC, TDS, pH, Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+, K+, SO 4 −2 , Cl−, NO3− and other water quality parameters, such as sodium adsorption ratio, sodium percentage and magnesium adsorption ratio, as well as heterotrophic bacteria and coliform bacteria.
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within hazard permeability index
In this study, five-georeferenced stations (named from S1 to S5) were monitored along the El-Salam Canal before El-Sahara of the Suez Canal, via the estimation of the WQ index based on major cations and anions analysis including salinity hazard, permeability index, residual sodium carbonate, magnesium hazard, sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratio, Kelley index, potential salinity, total hardness, and irrigation water quality index (IWQI).
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within Soil Sodium Adsorption
Irrigation with various blends of CBMW and fresh water increased soil pH and soil sodium adsorption ratio.
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ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to develop a Linear Regression Model for the prediction of soil bulk density based on organic matter content (OM) and textural fractions (% sand, silt and clay) as well as the soil exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) based on soil sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) in some salt affected soils of Sahl El-Hossinia, El-Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within sodium adsorption ratio
Furthermore, carbonates, chloride, and SAR (sodium adsorption ratio) precipitation have a key role in groundwater contamination and influencing the natural water quality.
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Groundwater was classified as inconsumable in terms of permeability index, sodium adsorption ratio, Na%, and Kelly Ratio (KR) values.
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Sodium Adsorption sentence examples within sodium adsorption rate
Furthermore, carbonates, chloride, and SAR (sodium adsorption ratio) precipitation have a key role in groundwater contamination and influencing the natural water quality.
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Groundwater was classified as inconsumable in terms of permeability index, sodium adsorption ratio, Na%, and Kelly Ratio (KR) values.
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The residual concentrations of soil available P, K, Cu, Zn, B and total N but not NO3-N remained significantly higher with LCM, while there were no differences in soil pH, electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio, compared to the other treatments.
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Suitability of shallow groundwater quality for irrigation use was evaluated according to the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and the electrical conductivity (EC) with a United States Salinity Laboratory (USSL) diagram.
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Our simulation results indicate that, besides the renowned potential-determining ions, sodium adsorption on calcite can play an important role in electrostatic interactions, switching surface charge polarity.
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The electrical conductivity is a good index of salinity while sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) that of sodicity hazard of irrigation water.
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, CK111) had significantly higher electrical conductivity (EC), soluble cations, including Caaq, Mgaq, Naaq, and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) due to the high salinity of the irrigation water.
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76% and sodium adsorption ratios by 22.
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It plays a vital role in declining soil pH, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and improving the availability of immobilized nutrients.
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The samples were subjected to empirical testing of the Groundwater Quality Index to determine the feasibility of drinking water and irrigation using Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) analysis and Wilcox diagram.
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Sodium adsorption rate (SAR) is a parameter, which has a significant role in irrigation.
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Soil indices such as soil structural stability index, base saturation percentage, and sodium adsorption ratio were higher in natural forest ecosystem than the soil indices of cacao plantation.
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The raw wastewater fell mostly into a “very high” hazard, which is class four (C4) based on electrical conductivity and class four (S4) based sodium adsorption ratio; making it unsuitable for irrigation purposes.
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The density functional theory (DFT) calculations and kinetics analysis reveal that the heterostructures in the composite are not only beneficial for electronic conductivity, but are also favorable for the sodium adsorption ability.
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Winery wastewater contains high levels of elements such as sodium, phosphorus, potassium, as well aschemical oxygen demand, sodium adsorption ratio and pH.
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However, the addition of three types of humic acid showed a certain reduction effect on soil EC, water-soluble Na and K content, and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), affecting the soil depth of 0-40 cm.
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It is suitable for irrigation, as indicated by sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and total dissolved solids (TDS), which are 4.
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Additionally, the soil electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) analyses demonstrating soil salinity and sodicity were monthly conducted from March 2018 to February 2019 and their annual average values were calculated.
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The results showed that gypsum and zeolite reduced pH, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), electric conductivity paste (ECp) and Na of the soils studied.
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Even though Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) permit to irrigate fruit trees and fodder crops, there is a risk of soil degradation due to high value of Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR).
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1%, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) was decreased by 4.
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To examine the water quality, the electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were evaluated to assess the salinity and sodicity, respectively.
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For example, when treating water for direct use in irrigation, often monovalent Na + must be removed preferentially over divalent minerals, such as Ca 2+ , to reduce both ionic conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR).
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In this study, soil phosphorus (P), electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were determined (at depths of 0–50, 50–100, 100–150, and 150–200 cm) in longitudinal and transverse directions from an interceptor drain in cultivated and uncultivated field plots.
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The sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and Sodium Soluble Percentage (SSP) values range between 0.
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Next, the LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory network)-RNN (Recurrent Neural Networks) model were used to predict the total dissolved solids (TDS), Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) rate for the period 2020-2030.
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The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) values of these soils during the periods of soil sampling were rather higher than 13 in either some or all layers of the soil profiles, ranging between 6.
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Hence electrical conductivity (EC), soluble sodium (Na), soluble chloride (Cl), and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were determined.
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The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) ranged from 1–11, which indicates that it falls into the marginal soil category.
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Worldwide expansion of irrigated farming in canal commands, sea level rise, shortage of freshwater, coastal land subsidence, erratic behaviour of rainfall, rising in temperature, occurrence of drought demand more evapotranspiration requirement of the plants and consequently import salt-load in the root zone under saline water irrigation or canal commands with improper drainage promote risk of salinization, sodication, high SAR (sodium adsorption ratio), deterioration of soil physical condition, presence of large quality of Mg than Ca, and development of alkalinity in soil.
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Furthermore, the groundwater quality for irrigation was evaluated based on the parameters Na% and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR).
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The chosen layers are TDS, aquitard thickness, water depth, hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, slope, total hardness (TH), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), discharge rate (Q), and screen length.
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85, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) varied from 1.
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Its aim was to examine the effect of electrolyte concentration at different SAR (sodium adsorption ratio) values of Na–Ca and Na–Mg leaching solutions on changes in rKs of saline soil.
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After a 4-month incubation, amended soils were measured for pH, electrical conductivity of saturated extract (ECe), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and exchangeable potassium (K) and available phosphorus (P) concentrations.
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We sampled soils in areas that were reclaimed in 1999, 1998, 1991, 1989, 1986, 1981, and 1979 and determined some soil physicochemical properties such as electrical conductivity with a 1:5 soil:water ratio (EC1:5), exchange sodium percentage (ESP), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), pH, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN), cation exchange capacity (CEC), total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (TP) and soil particle size ratio.
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Spatial distribution maps of total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity of water (ECw) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) interpolated by inverse distance weighting (IDW) showed too high risk levels of ECw (>5000 μS/cm) and TDS (>3000 mg/l) occupying a large wellfield (70%); with regard to SAR (>18), 36% of the groundwater had a high risk of sodium.
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Sodium adsorption ratio recorded a marked difference as gypsum level was varied with significant difference at p = 0.
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