Introduction to Skin Decontamination

Due to threats posed by Chemical Warfare Agents (CWAs) and accidents with Toxic Industrial Chemicals (TICs), the need for highly effective skin decontamination remains relevant.

ABSTRACT Water-only or soap and water solutions are considered a gold standard for skin decontamination.

Embase, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were comprehensively searched using search terms ("cutaneous" or "skin" or "dermal" or "percutaneous") and ("decontamination" or "decontaminant" or "skin decontamination") to include 10 studies, representing 18 chemical contaminants, 199 participants, and 351 decontamination outcomes.

The human penetration rates were compared against literature toxicology values and indicated that, dependent on the contamination density, contamination area and residence time, skin decontamination and medical countermeasures may be required to ameliorate toxicity.

In conjunction with its cheap production and purification processes, as well as a robust structural backbone, further engineering of TtEst2 could lead to a stopgap bioscavenger useful for in corpo scavenging or skin decontamination.

Both Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion (RSDL) and the RSDL training kit (TRSDL) significantly reduced the amount of VX within the skin and decreased the penetration through the skin.

Almost all data from our 95 selected studies conducted in vitro and in vivo revealed that a rapid skin decontamination process is the most efficient way to reduce the risk of intoxication.

Skin decontamination interrupts this process by removing contaminants from the skin surface.

The RSDL® (Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion) Kit contains a lotion-impregnated sponge extensively studied for the removal or neutralization of chemical warfare agents from skin.

Though skin decontamination was highly effective, a substantial proportion (20%–40%) of the lipophilic compounds (MS and PHR) remained within the hair.

Examples include skin decontamination, perioperative warming, and antimicrobial prophylaxis.

The authors therefore rightly emphasize that management should be on the lines of hydrocarbon ingestion – to avoid induced vomiting or gastric lavage, timely skin decontamination, provide supportive care and respiratory support if needed [5].

These screening experiments led to the identification of multiple lead compounds with the ability to inactivate POX two- to four-times more rapidly than Dekon 139-the active ingredient currently used for skin decontamination of OPs.

Thus, prepared deconwipes exhibit promising skin decontamination property against Chemical and biological contaminants.

Conclusions: Understanding the mechanism of massage and its role in percutaneous penetration may help elucidate skin barrier function, dermal absorption, skin decontamination, and dermatotoxicology.