Introduction to Serial Dilution

What is/are Serial Dilution?

Serial Dilution - Serial dilutions were performed, furthermore spread plate of these dilutions upto 10-5 was done on Rogosa agar plates and incubated for 72 h in a candle jar under microaerophilic condition. ^[1] The sensitivity of the primers was experimentally assayed by using serial dilutions of T. ^[2] According to parasitic load of the genesig® Leishmania Advanced Standard Kit, a serial dilution of purified plasmid (2–2×107 copies/reaction) was prepared under the same conditions for both genes. ^[3] 4) and high-normal TSH with serial dilution that ruled out assay interreference. ^[4] To determine the level of accuracy of MCC detection, an aneuploid male sample was subjected to serial dilution with an euploid female sample. ^[5] Ethyl acetate extracts and the isolated metabolites were tested for antimicrobial activity using the serial dilution technique and for antioxidant activity using 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical-scavenging capacity assays, respectively. ^[6] Results Measurements of IgE to HDM and EW in serial dilutions of human sera revealed weaker dilution linearity with IMMULITE than with ImmunoCAP. ^[7] 4-triazole was studied by the method of serial dilutions in accordance with the methodological recommendations. ^[8] In order to identify the reduction of the microbial growth, isolation technique will be carry out by excising the mushroom sample into a suspension and serial dilution follows by identification of its colony morphologies and characteristics. ^[9] — The quantification ability of the assay was evaluated through serial dilution experiments. ^[10] The antibacterial activity was examined by a serial dilution method and growth curves. ^[11] Next, the limit of detection (LOD) of the assay was established by using serial dilutions of the S. ^[12] Methods: Soil samples from four unique locations of North-East Libya were collected for the isolation of oleaginous Mortierella alpina strains by a serial dilution method. ^[13] The specificity of those antibody-antigen reactions was confirmed by serial dilution and inhibition studies. ^[14] In our second experiment, serial dilutions of CS were prepared with cultures of Methicillin resistant S. ^[15] Survival lactic acid bacteria was then calculated using single plate-serial dilution spotting. ^[16] Methods: In our study, we have used serial dilution and direct count method (CFU) for checking viability of live microorganism for 15, 30 and 90 days duration in respective biofertilizers in our laboratory. ^[17] , consequently requiring delineation of the serial dilution steps of the stock solution in a case by case manner. ^[18] cruzi and incubated for 48 h with serial dilutions of the compounds for determination of EC50 and CC50 values. ^[19] Out of four organisms isolated from serial dilution, Sample-2 confirmed thick bands of IAA production by TLC analysis. ^[20] The HEX phase is lost on serial dilution and the aligned cylinders eventually form disordered flexible worms. ^[21] Single cells were isolated by serial dilution in 96 well plates to test colony formation. ^[22] Mediator release assays analyze in vitro immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated degranulation and secretion of mediators by effector cells, such as mast cells and basophils, upon stimulation with serial dilutions of putative allergens. ^[23] Bacterial and fungal detection assays were performed for plasma-treated ginseng seeds after serial dilution of surface-washed suspensions. ^[24] Stock solutions of [177Lu]LuCl3 were made by serial dilution and were injected to test for linearity, accuracy and precision, carry over and signal-to-noise ratio. ^[25] A planktonic cell-suspension assay was used, followed by serial dilutions and bacterial counts. ^[26] To clarify the phenomena, pathogen titer inside the rice plant was measured by serial dilution plating of lysates from budding rice seedlings. ^[27] Serial dilution of the selected compounds was pre-incubated with 40 to 100 plaque-forming units (PFUs) of SARS-CoV-2. ^[28] Moreover, the antimicrobial assessment was performed using the methods of disc diffusion and serial dilutions and the findings revealed that the analogue ( VI – VIII ) have been found to express better antibacterial effects than the reference drug norfloxacin ( I ). ^[29] Materials evaluated were serial dilutions of chemically-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 and remnant clinical specimens (nasal or nasopharyngeal swabs) collected from patients. ^[30] mykiss, were evaluated by intracoelomic injection with serial dilutions of L. ^[31] Methods: Seven fish fingerlings were exposed to serial dilutions of A. ^[32] Method: The study was conducted by using serial dilution techniquesin the BHIB media with 100%; 50%; 25%; 12,5%; 6,25%; 3,125%; 1,56%; 0,78% concentrations andplanting on MHA medium. ^[33] Here we have accurately and reproducibly measured the ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity of over a dozen naturally occurring IBPs from fishes, insects, plants, and microorganisms using a modified 'splat' method on serial dilutions of IBPs whose concentrations were determined by amino acid analysis. ^[34] serial dilutions of SARS-CoV-2 standard control were included for sensitivity analysis. ^[35] In case 1, serial dilution was performed to assure that assay interference was not associated with the significant elevation (>100 mg/L). ^[36] albicans), by a serial dilution method with complexes 15 and 16 as most active compounds against microbes. ^[37] The serial dilution bioassay technique was used to assess the Pz series as potential biocides to counter the effect of SRBs in compliance with the TM0194-2014-SG standard test method, and the results showed the potency of Pz series in inhibiting such bacterial growth. ^[38] 0% disinfectant and their serial dilutions of 0. ^[39] The bacterial colonies were isolated from soil samples through the serial dilution method. ^[40] Validation was performed via serial dilutions of banked serum samples (n = 15) and both inter- and intra-assay testing. ^[41] aegypti from Puerto Rico using serial dilutions of infectious blood. ^[42] To assess sensitivity and quantitative performance of the assay, we analyzed a serial dilution of the reference RNA sample from Seraseq with concentration of RNA molecules representing candidate fusions verified by digital PCR. ^[43] Cyanobacteria were enriched through serial dilutions on a selective growth medium. ^[44] Primer efficiency was determined with serial dilutions of the cDNA templates to generate a standard curve and the measurements fitted the linear range of the reaction (6). ^[45] The in vitro antimicrobial activities of the investigated compounds were tested against the bacterial species, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae and fungal species, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani, Culvularia lunata, Rhizoctonia bataicola, and Candida albicans by serial dilution method. ^[46] The serial dilution method was employed. ^[47] During testing, the method of serial dilutions proved that the extract of Lavatera thuringiaca L. ^[48] Serial dilution agar plating and agar plate streaking were used to obtain single and pure bacterial colony. ^[49] Vancomycin-specific TCC were generated by serial dilution and repetitive mitogen stimulation. ^[50]

minimum inhibitory concentration

Materials and Methods Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using a broth microdilution assay which was conducted through a 2-fold serial dilution method, and a whitening experiment was done in vitro on extracted teeth, with a pH test being performed on 2-fold dilutions of the ethanol extract. ^[1] Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed using serial dilution method. ^[2] Methods: The antimicrobial activity of two Cinnamon leaves oils and extracts (T-2 and T-19) were examined by disc diffusion assay and the minimum inhibitory concentration by two-fold serial dilution method against foodborn pathogenic microorganisms i. ^[3] Materials and methods A two-fold serial dilution method was used to check the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of triclosan, amoxicillin and eugenol against thirty E. ^[4] Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were tested by the serial dilution method, and chemical compositions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). ^[5] The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was measured by serial dilution method at the highest concentration of 100 μg/ml (stock concentration) in. ^[6] Materials and methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using a broth microdilution assay that was conducted using a 2-fold serial dilution method, and a whitening experiment was done in vitro on extracted teeth, with a pH test being performed in 2-fold dilutions of the ethanol extract. ^[7] The serial dilution method was utilized to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each sample against Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. ^[8] The antimicrobial mode of action of AgNO3 treated chitosan was performed using serial dilution (1:2) technique for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and tested against four microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphlococcus aureus and Pseudopodium). ^[9] The antibacterial activity of extracts of all the samples was determined using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) serial dilution assay against selected Gram-positive (Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae) and Gram-negative (Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Moraxella catarrhalis) pathogens that affect the urinary, respiratory and gastro-intestinal tracts. ^[10]

colony forming unit

Colony Forming Unit (CFU/mL) was calculated to estimate the number of viable bacteria in a sample after performed serial dilution. ^[1] Semi-quantitative results, obtained by serial dilution of biopsy homogenates streaked onto culture plates divided into 4 quadrants representing occasional, light, moderate, and heavy growth, were compared to total bacterial load quantified as colony-forming units per gram (CFU/g). ^[2] Conventional microbiological, biochemical and statistical methods, including serial dilution technique with counting colony forming units (CFU) for growth assessment of mixed cultures, Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) for measuring ethanol concentration and Box-Behnken experimental design (Statistica 10) for bioethanol production optimization, were used in this work. ^[3] The estimation of colony forming unit per mL (cfu/mL) was assessed using 10-fold serial dilution method. ^[4] The specimens received treatment and were transferred to a tube with saline for serial dilution of the solution and seeding for isolation and colony forming unit (CFU) count. ^[5] These three protocols—comparison with colloidal silica (LUDOX), serial dilution of silica microspheres, and a reference colony-forming unit (CFU) assay—are all simple, low-cost, and highly accessible. ^[6]

liquid nutrient medium

To determine the bactericidal concentration, the method of serial dilutions of the antiseptic in a liquid nutrient medium was used. ^[1] 2007 by the standard macromethod of serial dilutions in liquid nutrient medium and by the method of diffusion into agar. ^[2] The minimum inhibitory, bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations were determined by the method of serial dilutions of the substance in a liquid nutrient medium. ^[3] The antimicrobial activity of the compounds was studied using the microtechnique of two-fold serial dilutions in a liquid nutrient medium. ^[4] We used the method of serial dilutions in Muller-Hinton liquid nutrient medium with a museum’s and clinical strains of Y. ^[5]

agar well diffusion

The antibacterial activity against two most opportunistic foodborne pathogens: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was measured by agar well diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by serial dilution method. ^[1] Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the polyherbal extracts was checked by agar well diffusion method at a concentration of 50 mg/ ml while minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by serial dilution method. ^[2] Antibacterial activities of prepared extracts were assayed using agar well diffusion and two-fold serial dilution method of MIC determination. ^[3]

skim milk agar

After isolated bacteria from effluent using serial dilution and followed by isolated protease-producing bacteria using skim milk agar media. ^[1] After isolated bacteria from effluent using serial dilution and followed by isolated protease-producing bacteria using skim milk agar media. ^[2] were isolated on potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) from mangrove soil through serial dilution, and then were streaked on the skim milk agar medium for qualitative screening of protease production. ^[3]

Fold Serial Dilution

MIC assay was carried out to survey the effectiveness of prepared EOs by two-fold serial dilution method and MTT evaluation. ^[1] Methods: Based on a prospective cohort of 1-9 years old children, mothers and infants established in Anhua County, Hunan Province, during 2013-2018, from which 92 participants with a total of 386 blood specimens were sampled and tested with a 2-fold serial dilution and a 4-fold serial dilution neutralization tests against EV-A71 at the same time. ^[2] Materials and Methods Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using a broth microdilution assay which was conducted through a 2-fold serial dilution method, and a whitening experiment was done in vitro on extracted teeth, with a pH test being performed on 2-fold dilutions of the ethanol extract. ^[3] Ten-fold serial dilutions of four culture-adapted P. ^[4] We used a 2-fold serial dilution to test the NOBF formulation dose, that is, 105 HAD50/mL, against purified lethal dose of African swine in primary PAMs cells of swine. ^[5] After incubation with photosensitizer and irradiation, ten-fold serial dilutions were plated and incubated at 37°C for 48h for CFU counting. ^[6] The solutions of HyFnC60 were prepared by 10and 100-fold serial dilutions of HyFnC60 stock solution in pure water. ^[7] The number of viable bacterial cells in the formed biofilms was determined by the method of ten-fold serial dilutions. ^[8] In the first experiment, endometrial explants from heifers at diestrous were stimulated by ten-fold serial dilutions of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), triacylated lipopeptide (PAM3) or peptidoglycan (PGN). ^[9] Methods: The antimicrobial activity of two Cinnamon leaves oils and extracts (T-2 and T-19) were examined by disc diffusion assay and the minimum inhibitory concentration by two-fold serial dilution method against foodborn pathogenic microorganisms i. ^[10] The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated in vitro by a two-fold serial dilution technique. ^[11] To identify the causal agent of this disease, the several surface-disinfested infected main veins and crown tissues were individually ground in sterile water and plated on sucrose peptone agar(SPA) medium (Hayward 1960) with 10-fold serial dilutions and incubated at 25℃. ^[12] Positive control plasmid 10-fold serial dilutions confirmed the analytical sensitivity of the assays. ^[13] Two-fold Serial Dilution: A Simple Method to Adjust Thickness of Injectable Poly-D,L-lactic Acid. ^[14] The antimicrobial activity of the compounds was studied using the microtechnique of two-fold serial dilutions in a liquid nutrient medium. ^[15] The RT-LAMP assay was performed by using the Loopamp® 2019-SARS-CoV-2 detection reagent kit and 10-fold serial dilutions of known viral load RT-LAMP were used to measure Tt, which is the time until the turbidity exceeds the threshold. ^[16] Standard curve was generated from turbidity graphs corresponding to ten-fold serial dilution of crgA gene containing recombinant plasmid. ^[17] METHODS The synthesized moxifloxacin derivatives 7a-i and 14a-f were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against a panel of MRSA strains by means of standard two-fold serial dilution method. ^[18] 375 nM with half-fold serial dilution. ^[19] ) and a 10-fold serial dilution of a SARS-CoV-2 cell culture (SARS-CoV-2 Frankfurt 1) supernatant were examined. ^[20] Ten-fold serial dilution was used to test the effects of the extracts. ^[21] Finally, the proposed microfluidic chip showed excellent performance in the absolute quantification of a target gene by performing quantitative detection of a 10-fold serial dilution DNA template. ^[22] Ten-fold serial dilutions of mixed synthetic DNA from SARS-CoV-2 ORF1ab and N gene were used as templates to test the sensitivity of DTO-N-PCR. ^[23] Materials and methods A two-fold serial dilution method was used to check the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of triclosan, amoxicillin and eugenol against thirty E. ^[24] As a first step, we set up a standard curve by infecting cell monolayers with 2-fold serial dilutions of C. ^[25] Materials and methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using a broth microdilution assay that was conducted using a 2-fold serial dilution method, and a whitening experiment was done in vitro on extracted teeth, with a pH test being performed in 2-fold dilutions of the ethanol extract. ^[26] Antimicrobial activity and MIC were completed using the respective cup-plate and two-fold serial dilution method. ^[27] MIC assay was carried out to survey the effectiveness of prepared EOs by two-fold serial dilution method and MTT evaluation. ^[28] PF samples from a PRRSV-naïve herd were used to perform 6 replications of 8 two-fold serial dilutions of the PRRSV-positive sample, thus modeling the pooling effect (dilution). ^[29] The estimation of colony forming unit per mL (cfu/mL) was assessed using 10-fold serial dilution method. ^[30] 00µgm/ml respectively in two fold serial dilutions. ^[31] Two-fold serial dilutions of GSE or miconazole were prepared. ^[32] Antibacterial activities of prepared extracts were assayed using agar well diffusion and two-fold serial dilution method of MIC determination. ^[33]

Standard Serial Dilution

During each qPCR cycle, the number of copies of a gene (or region) of interest in DNA samples is determined in real time using a fluorescence-based label and compared to a standard serial dilution. ^[1] The bacteria were isolated by standard serial dilution spread plate technique. ^[2] Methods: The designated strains were isolated from local soil samples in Saudi Arabia via the standard serial dilution method, identified morphologically, by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 16S rDNA sequencing and screened against many soils borne fungi. ^[3] Eleven isolates were obtained from local soil samples in Saudi Arabia via the standard serial dilution method and identified morphologically by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. ^[4]

Following Serial Dilution

Following serial dilution, the bacterial samples were cultured in an aerobic medium to cultivate Escherichia coli (E. ^[1] Fungi associated with soil samples were isolated individually following Serial dilution technique(19). ^[2] Fungi were isolated in Potato dextrose agar and Rose agar plates following serial dilution method. ^[3]

Performed Serial Dilution

Colony Forming Unit (CFU/mL) was calculated to estimate the number of viable bacteria in a sample after performed serial dilution. ^[1] To investigate, we performed serial dilutions, utilized heterophilicantibody blocking tubes, and repeated analysis using a different commercial assay (Abbott Architect i2000), all in support of a false-positive result attributed to a heterophilic antibody. ^[2] To rule out falsely elevated PTH levels, we initially performed serial dilutions using both assays, which revealed nonlinearity. ^[3]

Performing Serial Dilution

A newly developed cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) semiquantitative (SQ) lateral flow assay (LFA) provides a semiquantitative result in a rapid one-step test instead of performing serial dilutions to determine CrAg titer. ^[1] The total 36actinomycete isolates were obtained from soil by performing serial dilution technique and using starch-nitrate agar and primary screened for tyrosinase production by using tyrosine agar medium. ^[2]

Using Serial Dilution

Using serial dilutions of purified, full-length recombinant N protein, the ELISA had a detection range from 1 to 500 ng/ml. ^[1] Using serial dilutions of a representative Big Six STEC in apple juice, our immunocapture method resulted in a 50% probability of detection value of 3. ^[2]

Twofold Serial Dilution

Antibacterial activity of OVEO was investigated by the disc diffusion assay and twofold serial dilution method. ^[1] intracellulare were obtained by twofold serial dilutions in the Middlebrook 7H9 medium. ^[2]

2 Serial Dilution

Additionally, the LOD using dry swab was investigated after 7-days storage at -80C of the SARS-CoV-2 serial dilutions. ^[1] Additionally, the LOD using dry swab was investigated after 7 days’ storage at − 80 °C of the SARS-CoV-2 serial dilutions. ^[2]

Testing Serial Dilution

Limit of detection, limit of quantitation and linearity were determined by testing serial dilutions of normal plasma. ^[1] Based on testing serial dilutions of in vitro transcribed RNA, the 95% limit of detection of PRRSGard PCR was 16 genomic copies/reaction with CT cut-off value of 36 and 7 genomic copies/reaction with CT cut-off value of 37. ^[2]

Five Serial Dilution

Five Serial dilutions from 50 to 1 μg/mL concentrations were admitted for all bacteria which include: Escherichia Coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Probiotics complex. ^[1] Five Serial dilutions from 50 to 1 μg/mL concentrations were admitted for all bacteria which include: Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Probiotics complex. ^[2]

Tenfold Serial Dilution

Methodology: Tenfold serial dilution was used for processing of all the samples. ^[1] Specificity as well as sensitivity test using tenfold serial dilution series of the purified RNA was performed for both the assays. ^[2]

Automated Serial Dilution

We herein describe an ingenious centrifugal microfluidic system to accomplish a fully automated serial dilution. ^[1] We herein describe a centrifugal microfluidic system to accomplish a fully automated serial dilution. ^[2]

serial dilution method

MIC assay was carried out to survey the effectiveness of prepared EOs by two-fold serial dilution method and MTT evaluation. ^[1] The findings were compared with the corrosion rates and most probable number (MPN) values obtained from conventional serial dilution methods. ^[2] The antibacterial activity was examined by a serial dilution method and growth curves. ^[3] Methods: Soil samples from four unique locations of North-East Libya were collected for the isolation of oleaginous Mortierella alpina strains by a serial dilution method. ^[4] Materials and Methods Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using a broth microdilution assay which was conducted through a 2-fold serial dilution method, and a whitening experiment was done in vitro on extracted teeth, with a pH test being performed on 2-fold dilutions of the ethanol extract. ^[5] Antibacterial activity of OVEO was investigated by the disc diffusion assay and twofold serial dilution method. ^[6] albicans), by a serial dilution method with complexes 15 and 16 as most active compounds against microbes. ^[7] The bacterial colonies were isolated from soil samples through the serial dilution method. ^[8] Fungi were isolated in Potato dextrose agar and Rose agar plates following serial dilution method. ^[9] The in vitro antimicrobial activities of the investigated compounds were tested against the bacterial species, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae and fungal species, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani, Culvularia lunata, Rhizoctonia bataicola, and Candida albicans by serial dilution method. ^[10] The serial dilution method was employed. ^[11] Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed using serial dilution method. ^[12] Methods: The antimicrobial activity of two Cinnamon leaves oils and extracts (T-2 and T-19) were examined by disc diffusion assay and the minimum inhibitory concentration by two-fold serial dilution method against foodborn pathogenic microorganisms i. ^[13] To check the biological utility, the synthesized compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity against different bacterial and fungal strains using serial dilution method and inhibitory activity noted in terms of MIC values (μmol/mL) which displayed that the complexes were more efficient than corresponding Schiff bases and complex 20 (Ph2SnClL4) was most active antimicrobial agent. ^[14] The antibacterial activity against two most opportunistic foodborne pathogens: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was measured by agar well diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by serial dilution method. ^[15] The molecule presents significant results of antimicrobial activity for the bacteria tested in the serial dilution method. ^[16] pylori strains was studied by serial dilution method. ^[17] METHODS The synthesized moxifloxacin derivatives 7a-i and 14a-f were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against a panel of MRSA strains by means of standard two-fold serial dilution method. ^[18] Methods: The designated strains were isolated from local soil samples in Saudi Arabia via the standard serial dilution method, identified morphologically, by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 16S rDNA sequencing and screened against many soils borne fungi. ^[19] The dye-decolorization bacteria were isolated from active sludge collected from wastewater treating pond of a dyeing and printing plant using serial dilution method. ^[20] Using the serial dilution method, the minimum DNA concentration was evaluated, which is necessary for genotyping by the specific interaction between the fluorescently labeled PCR product and oligonucleotide probes on the microarray. ^[21] The antimicrobial potential of these compounds was evaluated by serial dilution method. ^[22] Followed by dilution using serial dilution method and inoculated onto nutrient agar using the spread plate technic. ^[23] The antifungal activities of Ag NPs–copolymer nanocomposites were evaluated against several fungal species using the serial dilution method in different concentrations. ^[24] In this study soil samples were collected from waste dumping site in Ujjain and 63 bacterial cultures were isolated and identified using serial dilution method. ^[25] Further, all the newly synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity by disk diffusion and serial dilution method and the compounds 11b, 11e, 11f and 11h were revealed as potent compounds among the tested strains in the series11a–k. ^[26] Materials and methods A two-fold serial dilution method was used to check the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of triclosan, amoxicillin and eugenol against thirty E. ^[27] The bacterium, Ralstonia solanacearum was isolated using the serial dilution method on Nutrient Agar (NA) and aseptically cultured for inoculation. ^[28] The interaction among vermicompost fungi was observed during direct isolations using the serial dilution method and then using pure culture dual plate's plans. ^[29] Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were tested by the serial dilution method, and chemical compositions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). ^[30] The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was measured by serial dilution method at the highest concentration of 100 μg/ml (stock concentration) in. ^[31] Rhizospheric actinomycetes were isolated by serial dilution method. ^[32] The isolated bacterial cultures were processed by serial dilution method and maintained on nutrient agar medium following standard microbiological laboratory practices for maintenance and preservation of bacteria. ^[33] Ceftriaxone resistance determinants for the 448 evaluated clinical isolates collected in Russia were identified using microarray analysis, and MICcro values were calculated using the regression equation and compared with those measured by the serial dilution method. ^[34] Materials and methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using a broth microdilution assay that was conducted using a 2-fold serial dilution method, and a whitening experiment was done in vitro on extracted teeth, with a pH test being performed in 2-fold dilutions of the ethanol extract. ^[35] The serial dilution method was utilized to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each sample against Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. ^[36] Here, we isolated the bacterial strain QSB-6 from the rhizosphere soil of healthy apple trees in a replanted orchard using the serial dilution method. ^[37] Antimicrobial activity and MIC were completed using the respective cup-plate and two-fold serial dilution method. ^[38] MIC assay was carried out to survey the effectiveness of prepared EOs by two-fold serial dilution method and MTT evaluation. ^[39] pylori eradication was checked with serial dilution method in vitro. ^[40] Serial dilution method employed in this study helped to assess the LC50 of chlorine and the value noted was 2 ppm. ^[41] Eleven isolates were obtained from local soil samples in Saudi Arabia via the standard serial dilution method and identified morphologically by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. ^[42] Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the polyherbal extracts was checked by agar well diffusion method at a concentration of 50 mg/ ml while minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by serial dilution method. ^[43] In this study, seven actinobacteria of the genus Streptomyces and three fungi of the genera Trichoderma and Purpureocillium were isolated from soils cultivated with rice using the serial dilution method. ^[44] The test bacterium was isolated from the soil sample through the serial dilution method on nutrient agar media (NAM). ^[45] Fungi were isolated using the serial dilution method on potato dextrose agar and identified using standard methods of identification. ^[46] Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of β-aescin were evaluated by serial dilution method. ^[47] The estimation of colony forming unit per mL (cfu/mL) was assessed using 10-fold serial dilution method. ^[48] serial dilution method and zone inhibition method, clearly indicated that compounds were also potentially active against several species of pathogenic fungal strains, viz. ^[49] Materials and Methods: This research used a serial dilution method in isolating S. ^[50]

serial dilution technique

Ethyl acetate extracts and the isolated metabolites were tested for antimicrobial activity using the serial dilution technique and for antioxidant activity using 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) radical-scavenging capacity assays, respectively. ^[1] Fungi associated with soil samples were isolated individually following Serial dilution technique(19). ^[2] The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated in vitro by a two-fold serial dilution technique. ^[3] Rhizospheric fungi were isolated from soil collected at the rhizosphere and rhizoplane using a serial dilution technique, while the endophytic fungi isolated from the leaves and stem tissues using surface sterilization method. ^[4] subtilis) bacterial strains using minimum inhibition concentration method (MIC) by serial dilution technique. ^[5] The Trichoderma was isolated from the soil samples collected from the different locations of western Maharashtra by serial dilution technique and plating method. ^[6] Soil samples from different irrigation systems from Akar-akar village were isolated through serial dilution techniques and grown on NA media shown that the higher the dilution, the fewer colonies that grew on the media. ^[7] Stool and blood samples were taken from each participant for parasitic examinations concurrently using direct and modified formol ether concentration wet smear techniques and Widal test by slide test and tube serial dilution technique, respectively. ^[8] Conventional microbiological, biochemical and statistical methods, including serial dilution technique with counting colony forming units (CFU) for growth assessment of mixed cultures, Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) for measuring ethanol concentration and Box-Behnken experimental design (Statistica 10) for bioethanol production optimization, were used in this work. ^[9] The total 36actinomycete isolates were obtained from soil by performing serial dilution technique and using starch-nitrate agar and primary screened for tyrosinase production by using tyrosine agar medium. ^[10]

serial dilution assay

The survival of bacteria was established using the serial dilution assay. ^[1] Conclusions In serial dilution assays, large savings in resources and/or increases in throughput can be achieved by reducing the number of dilutions measured and using Bayesian hierarchical modelling to infer inflection or endpoint titers. ^[2] A serial dilution assay was performed to determine minimal effective concentrations of each dye for detecting damaged pancreatic tissues. ^[3] The antibacterial activity of extracts of all the samples was determined using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) serial dilution assay against selected Gram-positive (Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae) and Gram-negative (Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Moraxella catarrhalis) pathogens that affect the urinary, respiratory and gastro-intestinal tracts. ^[4]

serial dilution series

A culture of the isolate was mixed with a serial dilution series of the respective antibiotic, incubated overnight and the biofilm formation was analyzed using a microtiter plate assay. ^[1] Specificity as well as sensitivity test using tenfold serial dilution series of the purified RNA was performed for both the assays. ^[2] The stain intensity of the grafts was compared initially and at different time points over a 15-minute period of balanced salt solution wash using a grading scale based on a serial dilution series of PB. ^[3]

serial dilution experiment

— The quantification ability of the assay was evaluated through serial dilution experiments. ^[1] This resulted in a reduced phage titer, but at the same time drastically improved cell-free replication of the phage genome, which we utilized to amplify the T7 genome by more than 15 000-fold in a droplet-based serial dilution experiment. ^[2] Serial dilution experiments demonstrated that omacetaxine is effective at low (nanomolar) concentrations. ^[3]

serial dilution plating

To clarify the phenomena, pathogen titer inside the rice plant was measured by serial dilution plating of lysates from budding rice seedlings. ^[1] Because existing methods to determine load, such as serial dilution plating, quantitative PCR, and whole metagenome sequencing add substantial cost and/or experimental burden, they are only rarely paired with amplicon sequencing. ^[2] A total of fifteen 12 water samples were collected and actinomycete cultures were isolated by serial dilution plating technique on various media. ^[3]