Introduction to Regulating Glucose

Moreover, regular training positively affects metabolic health by increasing mitochondrial oxidative capacity and regulating glucose metabolism.

We present the current literature on the importance of the insulin receptor with respect to regulating glucose and energy homeostasis and mood‐related behaviours.

In addition to regulating glucose metabolism, DPP-4 exerts anti-apoptotic, regenerative, and proliferative effects to promote β-cell mass expansion.

In addition, salidroside effectively prevented high-fat/high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet induced NASH progression by regulating glucose metabolism dysregulation, insulin resistance, lipid accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis.

Collectively, it was uncovered that hirsutine might exert beneficial effects on regulating glucose homeostasis, thus improving hepatic and cardiac IR, and could be a promising compound for treating diet-induced T2DM.

An insulin‐resistant HepG2 cell model induced by glucose, fructose, oleic acid, and palmitic acid was adopted to investigate the effects of maca extracts on regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in this study.

Conclusions: NHE1 plays a role in developing glioma immunosuppressive TME in part by dysregulating glucose metabolism of GAMs and emerges as a therapeutic target for improving glioma immunity.

In summary, LB may ameliorate type 2 diabetes by preventing the inactivation of IRS1/AKT pathway in IR-HepG2 cells, increasing insulin sensitivity, and regulating glucose uptake and production.

The pancreatic β-cells are essential for regulating glucose homeostasis through the coordinated release of the insulin hormone.

Regulating glucose transporter and pro-apoptotic protein expression, p53 is necessary and sufficient for the sorafenib-sensitizing effect of fasting.

Glucose starvation has emerged as a therapeutic strategy to inhibit tumor growth by regulating glucose metabolism.

To explore the functions of ovaries on regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in females, 8 weeks old C57BL/6 mice were preformed ovariectomy and administrated with normal food diet (NFD) or high fat diet (HFD).

Moreover, several cellular proteins that associate with PHD3 were identified by comprehensive protein analysis using LC-MS/MS followed by bioinformatic analysis including GSK3β, IRS2 and OGT, which may act as PHD3 substrates and play roles in mediating PHD3’s effects on regulating glucose metabolism.

Previous studies have confirmed that okra pods are rich in mucus (biological polysaccharides, sugar polymers), flavonoids, and dietary fiber, which have the effect of regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, promoting bowel movement, and preventing constipation (Georgiadis et al.

This study investigated Grifola frondosa active substances extracted from low-concentration (55%) ethanol (GF55) and their role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism disorders (GLMDs).

In conclusion, prenatal Arg supplementation improved embryonic intestine development by regulating glucose and lipid homeostasis to supply more energy for chick embryos.

Notably, TRIM66 increased glucose metabolism by upregulating glucose uptake, glucose consumption, and ATP production.

Thus, in beta cells, mitochondria play a pivotal role in regulating glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS).

Pancreatic beta cells play a central role in regulating glucose homeostasis by secreting the hormone insulin.

Polysaccharides can not only make up for the side effects such as hypoglycemia, weight gain, gastrointestinal injury caused by long-term treatment of acarbose, biguanidine and sulfonylurea, but also play an effective role in reducing glucose by regulating glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, intestinal flora, etc.

Among possible drug targets, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) gained considerable interest considering its pivotal role in regulating glucose availability in activated leukocytes and the availability of small molecules that selectively inhibit it.

plantarum HAC01 could alleviate hyperglycemia and T2DM by regulating glucose metabolism in the liver, protecting the islet β-cell mass, and restoring the gut microbiota and SCFAs.

Additional phosphoproteomic analysis reveals altered phosphorylation in several signaling pathways in IFG, IGT, and T2D muscles, including those regulating glucose metabolic processes, and the structure of muscle cells.

Uridine (UR) is a pyrimidine nucleoside that plays an important role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism.

Together, these results suggest that LINC00901 is an oncogenic lncRNA capable of regulating glucose metabolism, leading to PDAC development.

This chapter discusses current evidence that tanycytes play a key role in regulating glucose balance, food intake, endocrine axes, seasonal changes, reproductive function, and aging.

Recent studies suggest that Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) plays an important role in regulating glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes.

Alogliptin was chosen to be a candidate for regulating glucose control with long term collateral benefit of weight loss and improved lipid profiles.

Functional investigations revealed that CRKL overexpression promoted glucose uptake, lactate production and glycogen synthesis of hepatocarcinoma cells by up‐regulating glucose transporters 1 (GLUT1), hexokinase II (HKII) expression and down‐regulating glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) expression.

Conclusions Altogether, our results revealed a significant role of intestinal AMPK in maintaining IEB integrity in the distal colon but not in regulating glucose homeostasis.

Bioinformatics analysis showed that DEGs in MI were significantly related to modulating calcium signaling and chemokine signaling, and m6A regulators were related to regulating glucose measurement and elevated blood glucose levels.

Liver is an important organ for regulating glucose and lipid metabolism.

This degradation pathway mediated by CMA plays an important role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, transcription, DNA reparation, cell cycle, cellular response to stress and consequently, regulating many aging-associated human diseases, such as neurodegeneration, cancer and metabolic disorders.

Given the liver’s prominent role in regulating glucose and lipid homeostasis, we hypothesized that subjects with NAFLD have a distinct profile of blood analytes.

The incretin hormone of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is known to play a critical role in regulating glucose homeostasis and dietary nutrients are the primary stimuli to the release of intestinal GLP-1.

Our study identifies a role for galectin-1 in regulating glucose metabolism through modulation of pancreatic insulin secretion, highlighting novel opportunities to control T2DM.

In this work, we develop a novel event-triggered insulin dosing algorithm for regulating glucose concentrations in people with Type 1 diabetes that is only executed when specified criteria are met.

METHODS AND RESULTS Procyanidin B1 (PB) and p-coumaric acid (CA) were the active compounds in highland barley grain and showed synergistic effect on improving glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis by up-regulating glucose transporter (GLUT4) and down-regulating glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) protein expression, respectively.

Future studies are necessary to identify the molecular and cellular signaling pathways which culminate in frank diabetes, which may lead to therapeutic targets for regulating glucose homeostasis in the context of insulin resistance.

Background: Many preclinical studies have shown that adropin has physiological effects such as regulating glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism, protecting endothelial cells and antiatherosclerosis.

Conclusions Evr treatment may be a promising strategy to target the growth and activity of GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer cells by regulating glucose metabolism via inactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling.

The therapeutic effect of ZSYTP could be mediated by regulating glucose metabolism and HIF-1 signal pathway.

Emerging evidence indicated that glycosylation of glucose transporter( GLUT) has played a key role in sensing cell microenvironmental changes and regulating glucose homeostasis in eucaryotic cells.

The results indicated that PCA could ameliorate NAFLD by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation, gut microbiota and metabolites.

The present study aimed to determine the role of MC in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD).

The protein, adiponectin, is actively involved in regulating glucose levels as well as fatty acid breakdown playing crucial role in dyslipidemia and vascular complications.

Emodin is a natural anthraquinone derivative that exhibits variety of pharmacologic effects including lowering lipids and regulating glucose utilization.

Despite current understandings of its well-established roles in regulating glucose metabolism in various tissues, the functions of AMPK in the intestine, an organ for nutrient processing, remain largely unexplored.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), an incretin hormone, plays an important role in regulating glucose homeostasis.

We recently demonstrated that renal GLUT2 is a primary effector of the central melanocortin system in regulating glucose homeostasis.

During the past two decades, many laboratories worldwide focused on understanding the role of GPCR signaling in regulating glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis.

The drug acts by regulating glucose levels and improving insulin sensitivity.

Then, we discussed the recent research progress in regulating glucose metabolism for various tumor resistance strategies including heat resistance, multiple drug resistance, and hypoxia.

Hepatic gluconeogenesis is critical for regulating glucose homeostasis.

Conclusion Accumulating evidence has revealed that IGF2BP2 mediates the pathogenesis of T2DM and cancer by regulating glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and tumorigenesis.

The SND1 in various organs is likely to cooperate in regulating glucose homeostasis by affecting the expression of lipid metabolism-related RNA transcripts during stress.

In fact, as a major site for regulating glucose homeostasis and energy production in response to insulin, the skeletal muscle has become an interesting target tissue to understand the impact of lipid overload on the development of insulin resistance and impaired mitochondrial respiratory function.

In shrimp, the role of BMAL1 in the regulating glucose metabolism remains unclear.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are hormones that aid the body under stress by regulating glucose and free fatty acids.

Among several factors contributing to NAFLD pathogenesis, adipokines secreted by visceral adipose tissue (VAT) can play a role by regulating glucose/lipid metabolism and inflammation.

Several recent studies have addressed a paracrine role for α-cell derived glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in regulating glucose homeostasis and responses to metabolic stress.

Major conclusions The gut-brain axis is intimately involved in regulating glucose homeostasis and appetite, and this system plays a key role in mediating the efficacy of therapeutics that have had a major impact on treating T2DM and obesity.

In addition, GSK-3β is involved in the regulating glucose metabolism.

As the prevalence of obesity and diabetes has continued to increase rapidly in recent years, dietary approaches to regulating glucose homeostasis have gained more attention.

Comparative analyses demonstrated that HGF reduces the proportions of inflammatory cells in the blood and tissues, and protects liver and kidney tissues by regulating glucose homeostasis of type 2 diabetic mice.

• The neurotransmitter dopamine has a key role in regulating glucose homeostasis.

Here, we determined whether LRIC could ameliorate cognitive impairment in rats with CCH by regulating glucose transport.

In this review, we elucidate on the role of circRNAs in regulating glucose metabolism in cancer cells, which partly explains the pathogenesis of malignant tumors, and provides new therapeutic targets or new diagnostic and prognostic markers for human cancers.

Furthermore, BAT and BAT-derived cell transplantation reportedly help treat obesity by regulating glucose and fatty acid metabolism.

The central nervous system (CNS) plays a crucial role in regulating glucose homeostasis.

The effects of polysaccharides in improving insulin sensitivity and regulating glucose and lipid metabolism have drawn much attention from researchers.

To better understand the involvement of GPR109a signaling in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, we treated GPR109a wild-type (+/+) and knockout (−/−) mice with repeated overnight injections of saline or niacin in physiological states characterized by low (ad libitum fed) or high (16 h fasted) concentrations of the endogenous ligand, β-OH butyrate.

Herein, we explored the role of peripheral dopamine and its receptors in regulating glucose uptake and metabolism on insulin-sensitive tissues.

IGF-1 has a pivotal role in regulating glucose homeostasis and sensitivity to insulin.

Expert opinion: Our findings suggest a novel mechanism exerted by fluoxetine targeting glucose metabolism by regulating glucose transporter palmitoylation.

In addition, some anthocyanins can alleviate complications in type 2 diabetes by inhibiting intestinal glucose absorption, inducing pancreatic insulin secretion, upregulating glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4), and suppressing hepatic gluconeogenesis.

Insulin exerts a wide variety of effects as a growth factor as well as by regulating glucose, fatty acid, and protein metabolism.

Recent studies have revealed an important role for the endosomal system in regulating glucose and lipid homeostasis, with implications for metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease.

It can also reduce the risks of metabolic conditions by regulating glucose levels in diabetic patients, reducing lipid levels in hyperlipidemics, and aiding weight control.

Also, kidneys play a role in regulating glucose production; denervated kidneys abrogate the effect of fat feeding to cause insulin resistance.