Introduction to Rapid Warming

This cold interval was followed by a rapid warming of about 3°C.

The reconstruction indicates rapid warming since the 1980s, which is consistent with other instrumental and reconstructed records.

However, in the context of ongoing climate change, the rapid warming of the Arabian Sea may potentially influence the hydrography and biogeochemistry of this region and thus may impact phytoplankton community structure, trophic transfer, and organic carbon export flux.

The temperature rise process on anthracite coal surface is composed of three stages, namely, slowly warming, rapid warming and slow cooling to stabilize.

1-3 Rapid warming is causing precipitous sea-ice loss, with consequences on the distribution, composition, and dietary ecology of species4-7 and, thus, exposure to food-borne mercury.

We illustrate this process in two ‘storyline’ scenarios: (a) near-term increases in mitigation and CDR are deficient, such that climate goals are expected to slip out of reach; (b) SRM is abruptly terminated after 40 years of successful deployment, causing an extremely rapid warming which is amplified by an excess of GHGs due to deterred mitigation.

An alternate temperature perspective, known as the “hockey stick” exhibits a slow long-term cooling trend downward from about 1000 AD to about 1900 AD, followed by relatively rapid warming in the 20th century and is a prominent feature in describing the apparent climate crisis.

As a consequence, Arctic ground temperatures respond with rapid warming, but this response varies with snow cover and permafrost processes.

Results reveal that MG experienced more frequent hazardous droughts with rapid warming and slight drying during R20 aggravated by ever-increasing grazing intensity (34% compared to P20), which resulted in a reduction in soil water availability and grassland productivity, particularly in northeastern areas (20%–65%).

These seas are undergoing rapid warming, associated with a retreat in ice cover.

The Arctic is experiencing rapid warming, resulting in fundamental shifts in hydrologic connectivity and carbon cycling.

The rapid warming of our planet has resulted in accelerated melting of ice in polar regions.

Using a conventional cryotube, we achieved developmental capabilities in one-cell rat embryos by rapid warming that were comparable to those of intact embryos, even using low concentrations (10%) of cell-permeating cryoprotectant and at low cooling rates.

Rapid warming and sea-level rise are predicted to be major driving forces in shaping coastal ecosystems and their services in the next century.

The Arctic is currently experiencing the most rapid warming on Earth.

mongolica and Larix gmelinii in the Mohe area of Greater Khingan Mountains by using growth-climate response function analysis and moving correlation analysis, as well as the interspecific difference of the responses of radial growth to rapid warming.

This study concluded that there was a declining rainfall in the three seasons; spring, summer and winter but in autumn it shows increasing trends and rapid warming, especially in the last 32 years.

The rapid warming in Beijing in recent decades, especially in the urban center, has exerted a great influence on the change in extreme temperature indices, which may have been caused by both urbanization and global/regional warming.

In this study, we provide further evidence that the Arctic’s rapid warming is influencing extreme precipitation in the Northern Hermisphere based on observation and model outputs, and elucidate the underlying dynamic mechanisms.

6 M) prior to, loading, dehydration with vitrification solution (PVS2), rapid immersion into liquid nitrogen (-196°C), rapid warming, unloading and recovery.

Globally, we are near the peak of a rapid warming period.

Resulting interactions between historical increases in forested area and density and recent rapid warming, increasing insect mortality, and wildfire burned areas, are now leading to substantial abrupt landscape alterations.

One of the most common responses of marine ectotherms to rapid warming is a reduction in body size, but the underlying reasons are unclear.

Thus, the mechanics and impacts of glaciers on sediment production warrant more research, especially in regions experiencing rapid warming.

OBJECTIVE As cryopreservation success requires optimization of the cooling and warming rates, the objective was to test how ultra-rapid warming could improve yeast cell cryopreservation.

Rapid warming is predicted to increase insect herbivory across the tundra biome, yet how this will impact the community and ecosystem dynamics remains poorly understood.

20 °C per decade since 1987, the calculated year that rapid warming began on Caribbean reefs.

Rapid warming at high altitudes may lead to a higher sensitivity in tree growth to temperature.

Since the 1990’s, this rapid warming of the Arctic was accompanied by no-warming or cooling over midlatitudes in the Northern Hemisphere in winter (the hiatus).

The rapid warming of the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is causing an important expansion of marine coastal areas due to glacier retreat.

41, 6396–6402 (2014)], and consequently are undergoing the most rapid warming [J.

The coupling of rapid warming and wetland degradation on the Tibetan Plateau has motivated studies of climate influence on wetland change in the region.

MODIS fractional (FSC) and binary (BSC) snow-cover data are important for obtaining accurate spatiotemporal snow-cover information for the Tibetan Plateau (TP) where rapid warming is closely related to snow-cover changes.

Evidence to date suggests that rapid warming will exacerbate the negative effects of eutrophication on aquatic ectotherms, but gradual warming will induce physiological remodelling that provides protection against nutrients and hypoxia.

During more rapid warming events in the typical summer spawning period, CoTS may exhibit greater synchronicity in their reproductive capacity, which may help seed outbreaks.

The LST change rate can be considered as an important indicator of climate change (rapid warming at high altitudes) and human activities (increased water consumption of crop).

This rapid warming is expected to drive a substantial net loss of carbon to the atmosphere, particularly from the thawing of ‘permafrost’, or perennially frozen ground.

While predicting the exact timing of the release of deep persistent slab avalanches is difficult, onset of avalanche activity is commonly preceded by rapid warming, heavy precipitation, or high winds.

However, little is known about the responses of xylem to recent rapid warming in many areas.

Rapid warming over recent decades has significantly decreased the area underlain by permafrost in peatland complexes.

Rapid warming will cause permafrost to thaw and plant respiration to accelerate, with a resultant loss of CO2, but could also increase the fixation of CO2 by plants.

These embryos were cryopreserved using the slow freezing technique and were thawed using an unpaired technique (ultra-rapid warming) after 10 years of storage.

Then, the trained model was applied to climate scenarios toward the end of the 21st century, predicting a significant shift in global biome distribution with rapid warming trends.

Warming-induced carbon loss through terrestrial ecosystem respiration (Re) is likely getting stronger in high latitudes and cold regions because of the more rapid warming and higher temperature sensitivity of Re (Q10).

With the rapid warming of tourism fever, night tourism is not only an important part of urban tourism development, but also injects vitality into the economic development of a city.

30 °C), in order to assess tissue-specific seasonal responses to the rapid warming that occurs seasonally in tide pools.

Negative growth trends were observed in continental regions undergoing the most rapid warming and thermal amplitude contraction over the study period.

The authors conclude that the 2018 hypoxia was caused by a combination of several factors: 1) High freshwater and nutrient inputs in autumn 2017 and January 2018 promoting high productivity in the system, 2) inflow of saline waters from the EGB early in the year, due to unusual wind patterns, forming a deep located halocline (deeper than normal resulting in a smaller water volume in the NBL) that was maintained by north-easterly winds during summer, 3) rapid warming of the surface layer strengthening thermal stratification, and 4) reduced ventilation of the NBL during summer.

We show that the observed rapid warming on the TP (1.

The Last Termination </span><span>(20,000-10,000 years ago or 20-10 ka BP) </span>in the North Atlantic region was characterised by a series of abrupt climatic changes including rapid warming at 14.

However, satellite observations show that more than 50% of arctic vegetation has not changed significantly despite rapid warming.

However, this aquatic-terrestrial linkage may be disrupted by rapid warming that is causing a decrease in freshwater habitats across large areas of the Arctic.

The northern midlatitude summer has experienced rapid warming since the 1990s, especially in Europe, Central Siberia-Mongolia, the West Coast of North America as well as several continental Arctic regions.

The rapid warming trend during the last deglaciation triggered significant global climate instabilities due to a complex non-linear response of the climate system to the gradual increase in insolation over the northern hemisphere.

The early Holocene shows an initial phase of rapid warming with a brief cold interval at 11.

The transition zone between the northern boreal forest and the arctic tundra, known as the tundra-taiga ecotone (TTE) has undergone rapid warming in recent decades.

After rapid warming, the negative correlation between temperature and P.

Human activities are changing the Arctic environment at an unprecedented rate resulting in rapid warming, freshening, sea ice retreat and ocean acidification of the Arctic Ocean.

In recent years, rapid warming has lowered the water table in alpine wetlands on the Tibetan Plateau, concurrent with intensified nitrogen (N) deposition via anthropogenic activities.

Understanding how thermokarst lakes on arctic river deltas will respond to rapid warming is critical for projecting how carbon storage and fluxes will change in those vulnerable environments.

It was shown that a relatively rapid warming process at 65°C in a water bath with stirring generated a significant improvement of cell viability, recovery, and functionality of the cryopreserved PBMCs.

Rapid warming of the Arctic provokes large-scale degradation of permafrost on land terrestrial and in submarines.

Rapid warming on an Arctic archipelago provides a glimpse into the future for other parts of the globe that are changing more slowly, reports Adam Vaughan.

We use periods of past rapid warming in the high latitudes as analogues to study the ecological changes and effects on permafrost stability under climate change.

The rapid warming of the Arctic is changing the conditions for agricultural activity in southwest Greenland markedly, which necessitates studies of the physical properties of the soil resource.

5 Ma), and a rather unusual rapid warming right after the E/O transition (earliest Oligocene; 33.

<p>Recent decades have shown phases of very rapid warming in the Canadian Arctic.

Description Cold weather disruptions Despite the rapid warming that is the cardinal signature of global climate change, especially in the Arctic, where temperatures are rising much more than elsewhere in the world, the United States and other regions of the Northern Hemisphere have experienced a conspicuous and increasingly frequent number of episodes of extremely cold winter weather over the past four decades.

Rapid warming and sea-ice loss in the Arctic Ocean are among the most profound climatic changes to have occurred in recent decades on Earth.

The Tibetan Plateau (TP) has experienced rapid warming since the 1980s.

Most cities experienced higher warming than that attributable to global climate change, and some shared a period of rapid warming during urban sprawl in the mid-20th century in the United States.

Findings are in line with the common understanding that events including large precipitation and/or strong winds or rapid warming lead to increased avalanche activity.

The rapid warming of the Arctic, known as Arctic amplification, is one factor affecting the poleward temperature gradient.

<p>The Arctic is currently experiencing a more rapid warming compared to the rest of the<br>world.

To better understand the exact mechanisms that promote the development of anoxia requires observations not available at human time scale, and therefore demand the study of intervals of rapid warming in the geologic past.

The rapid warming of global climate during the last deglaciation period is an ideal analogue for current anthropogenic global warming.

Reliable prediction of future drought changes is especially important within the context of rapid warming.

Greenland and Canada are experiencing more rapid warming than the global average.

The rapid warming and increasing summer heat waves have serious impacts on human health, world's economies, and the environment, especially over densely populated Eurasia (IPCC, 2014).

<p>Rapid warming in northern high latitudes during the past two decades may have profound impacts on the structures and functioning of ecosystems.

, land surface temperature (LST), precipitation, and solar radiation) across Siberia, which is experiencing rapid warming and greening, during 2000–2016 by using a random forest regression model.

In the last decade we have seen rapid warming of the Indian Ocean overlaid with extremes in the form of marine heatwaves.

This study focuses on the time during and following the global Last Glacial Maximum, a time of rapid warming and changing regional hydroclimate with relatively stable atmospheric CO2 and not yet intensive anthropogenic modification of ecosystems.

Rapid warming is a major threat for the alpine biodiversity but, at the same time, accelerated glacial retreat constitutes an opportunity for taxa and communities to escape range contraction or extinction.