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Radical Pairs sentence examples within magnetically sensitive chemical

magnetically sensitive chemical

The mechanism of the magnetic compass sense of migratory songbirds is thought to involve magnetically sensitive chemical reactions of light-induced radical pairs in cryptochrome proteins located in the birds' eyes.

Nuclear polarization effects in cryptochrome-based magnetoreception.

magnetically sensitive chemical

1) proposes that, when cryptochrome proteins absorb photons of light and become ‘photoexcited’, they form magnetically sensitive chemical intermediates known as radical pairs.

Unravelling the enigma of bird magnetoreception.

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Radical Pairs sentence examples within Correlated Radical Pairs

Correlated Radical Pairs

In this paper, using a custom-built microscope, we demonstrate that flavin-based autofluorescence in native, untreated HeLa cells is magnetic field sensitive, due to the formation and electron spin–selective recombination of spin-correlated radical pairs.

Cellular autofluorescence is magnetic field sensitive

Correlated Radical Pairs

Photo-CIDNP (photo-chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization) refers to nuclear polarization created by the spin-chemical evolution of spin-correlated radical pairs (SCRPs).

Photo-CIDNP in Solid State

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Radical Pairs sentence examples within Photogenerated Radical Pairs

Photogenerated Radical Pairs

Photogenerated radical pairs are good spin qubit pair (SQP) candidates because they can be initialized in a pure quantum state that exhibits relatively long coherence times.

Interaction of Photogenerated Spin Qubit Pairs with a Third Electron Spin in DNA Hairpins.

Photogenerated Radical Pairs

At the same time, photogenerated radical pairs were discovered to exhibit unusual electron paramagnetic resonance spectra that also had such resonances.

Photogenerated Spin-Correlated Radical Pairs: From Photosynthetic Energy Transduction to Quantum Information Science.

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Radical Pairs sentence examples within Hydroxyl Radical Pairs

Hydroxyl Radical Pairs

It has been found in recent molecular beam experiments that pyridine molecules photoexcited at 255 nm can abstract hydrogen atoms from hydrogen-bonded water molecules in pyridine-water clusters, resulting in pyridinyl-hydroxyl radical pairs.

Photoinduced electron-driven proton transfer from water to an N-heterocyclic chromophore: nonadiabatic dynamics studies for pyridine-water clusters.

Hydroxyl Radical Pairs

The same type of reaction is also possible in the self-reaction between two benzyl hydroperoxide molecules forming benzyloxyl and hydroxyl radical pairs along with benzaldehyde and water as co-products.

Radical-Pair Formation in Hydrocarbon (Aut)Oxidation.

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Radical Pairs sentence examples within Transient Radical Pairs

Transient Radical Pairs

Since the energy that could possibly be deposited by the radiation is orders of magnitude smaller than the energy of molecular thermal motion, it was suggested that the effect was caused by the interaction of RF magnetic fields with transient radical pairs within the cells, affecting the ROS formation rates through the radical pair mechanism.

Towards predicting intracellular radiofrequency radiation effects

Transient Radical Pairs

The ability of night-migratory songbirds to sense the direction of the Earth's magnetic field is increasingly attributed to a photochemical mechanism in which the magnetic field acts on transient radical pairs in cryptochrome flavoproteins located in the birds' eyes.

Viability of superoxide-containing radical pairs as magnetoreceptors.

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Radical Pairs sentence examples within Primary Radical Pairs

Primary Radical Pairs

However, because the singlet–triplet mixing that occurs in the two possible primary radical pairs is similar, determining the order of the electron transfer and hole transfer steps unambiguously is challenging.

Sequential Electron Transfer in a BODIPY–Aluminum(III) Porphyrin–C60 Triad Studied by Transient EPR Spectroscopy

Primary Radical Pairs

The build-up of PSIIL requires a series of light-induced events generating rapidly recombining primary radical pairs, spaced by sufficient waiting times between these events - pointing to the roles of local electric-field transients and dielectric relaxation processes.

Light-Adapted Charge-Separated State of Photosystem II: Structural and Functional Dynamics of the Closed Reaction Center.

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Radical Pairs sentence examples within Sensitive Radical Pairs

Sensitive Radical Pairs

This mechanism implies electron transfer between the reaction partners; it is switched on by catalyzing ions and generates magneto-sensitive radical pairs.

Genes and Cancer under Magnetic Control

Sensitive Radical Pairs

A biophysical model proposed that magnetoreception can be achieved through quantum effects of magnetically-sensitive radical pairs formed by the photoexcitation of cryptochrome (CRY) proteins.

Cryptochrome 1 mediates light-dependent inclination magnetosensing in monarch butterflies.

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Radical Pairs sentence examples within radical pairs generated

radical pairs generated

Radical pairs generated in crystalline solids by bond cleavage reactions of triplet ketones offer the unique opportunity to explore a frontier of spin dynamics where rigid radicals are highly entangled as the result of short inter-radical distances, large singlet-triplet energy gaps (ΔEST), and limited spin-lattice relaxation mechanisms.

Strongly Entangled Triplet Acyl-Alkyl Radical Pairs in Crystals of Photostable Diphenylmethyl Adamantyl Ketones.

radical pairs generated

The observed kinetics suggest that back electron transfer occurs between radical pairs generated by diffusive reencounter, either in the vesicle surface water or via electron hopping through degenerate electron exchange.

Photoinduced flavin-tryptophan electron transfer across vesicle membranes generates magnetic field sensitive radical pairs

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Radical Pairs sentence examples within radical pairs formed

radical pairs formed

A biophysical model proposed that magnetoreception can be achieved through quantum effects of magnetically-sensitive radical pairs formed by the photoexcitation of cryptochrome (CRY) proteins.

Cryptochrome 1 mediates light-dependent inclination magnetosensing in monarch butterflies.

radical pairs formed

EPR spectra of radical pairs formed via each symmetric branch of cofactors, A or B, exhibit distinctive line shapes.

Spin-Correlated Radical Pairs as Quantum Sensors of Bidirectional ET Mechanisms in Photosystem I.

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Radical Pairs sentence examples within radical pairs whose

radical pairs whose

According to the "Radical Pair Mechanism" (RPM), blue/UV light excites CRY's flavin cofactor (FAD) to generate radical pairs whose singlet-to-triplet interconversion rate is modulated by an external MF.

Cryptochromes in Mammals and Birds: Clock or Magnetic Compass?

radical pairs whose

Spin-conserving electron transfer reactions are thought to result in radical pairs whose near-degenerate electronic singlet and triplet states interconvert coherently as a result of hyperfine, exchange, and dipolar couplings and, crucially for a compass sensor, Zeeman interactions with the geomagnetic field.

How quantum is radical pair magnetoreception?

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10.1063/5.0052573

We also analyze reaction-induced singlet-triplet interconversion in radical pairs due to radical scavenging by initially uncorrelated radicals ("chemical Zeno effect").

F-cluster: Reaction-induced spin correlation in multi-radical systems.

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10.1016/j.jmr.2021.106956

The modifications required for the analysis of the zfs of radical pairs with S = 1 were accounted for.

Determination of the g-, hyperfine coupling- and zero-field splitting tensors in EPR and ENDOR using extended Matlab codes.

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10.1101/2021.07.16.452701

Further, the radical pairs in cryptochrome also can explain magnetoreception in animals.

Radical pairs can explain magnetic field and lithium effects on the circadian clock

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10.1016/J.CHEMPR.2021.03.023

1,4-dihydropyridines and dihydronicotinamides form complexes with suitable acceptors, and these donor-acceptor complexes engage in intramolecular electron transfer leading to radical pairs that contain a pro-aromatic moiety.

Recent advances in radical chemistry proceeding through pro-aromatic radicals

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10.1021/jacs.1c03026

Radical pairs generated in crystalline solids by bond cleavage reactions of triplet ketones offer the unique opportunity to explore a frontier of spin dynamics where rigid radicals are highly entangled as the result of short inter-radical distances, large singlet-triplet energy gaps (ΔEST), and limited spin-lattice relaxation mechanisms.

Strongly Entangled Triplet Acyl-Alkyl Radical Pairs in Crystals of Photostable Diphenylmethyl Adamantyl Ketones.

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10.1038/s41598-021-85673-w

Our results are consistent with the idea that radical pairs of electrons with entangled spins could be important for consciousness.

Radical pairs may play a role in xenon-induced general anesthesia

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10.3389/fphys.2021.667000

The chromophore of cryptochrome, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), undergoes a photocycle, where radical pairs are formed during photo-reduction as well as during re-oxidation; behavioral data indicate that the latter is crucial for detecting magnetic directions.

The Magnetic Compass of Birds: The Role of Cryptochrome

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10.1088/1367-2630/abed0b

Starting from the assumption that CISS can arise in electron transfer reactions of radical pairs, we propose a simple way to include CISS in conventional models of radical pair spin dynamics.

Chiral-induced spin selectivity in the formation and recombination of radical pairs: cryptochrome magnetoreception and EPR detection

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10.1063/5.0040519

We show that the stochastic Schrödinger equation (SSE) provides an ideal way to simulate the quantum mechanical spin dynamics of radical pairs.

Spin relaxation in radical pairs from the stochastic Schrödinger equation.

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10.1063/5.0047663

The optimized parameters used for the fit, including the mutual diffusion coefficient of the radical pairs, cage radius of the potential well, and well depth, were discussed in terms of the diffusion coefficient conventional theory and the potential mean force estimated from the molecular dynamics simulation for the photodissociation reaction in ILs.

Experimental and theoretical study on p-aminophenylthyil radical geminate recombination in ionic liquids; analysis using the Smoluchowski-Collins-Kimball equation.

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What is/are Radical Pairs?

Radical Pairs - We also analyze reaction-induced singlet-triplet interconversion in radical pairs due to radical scavenging by initially uncorrelated radicals ("chemical Zeno effect"). [1] The modifications required for the analysis of the zfs of radical pairs with S = 1 were accounted for. [2] Further, the radical pairs in cryptochrome also can explain magnetoreception in animals. [3] 1,4-dihydropyridines and dihydronicotinamides form complexes with suitable acceptors, and these donor-acceptor complexes engage in intramolecular electron transfer leading to radical pairs that contain a pro-aromatic moiety. [4] Radical pairs generated in crystalline solids by bond cleavage reactions of triplet ketones offer the unique opportunity to explore a frontier of spin dynamics where rigid radicals are highly entangled as the result of short inter-radical distances, large singlet-triplet energy gaps (ΔEST), and limited spin-lattice relaxation mechanisms. [5] Our results are consistent with the idea that radical pairs of electrons with entangled spins could be important for consciousness. [6] The chromophore of cryptochrome, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), undergoes a photocycle, where radical pairs are formed during photo-reduction as well as during re-oxidation; behavioral data indicate that the latter is crucial for detecting magnetic directions. [7] Starting from the assumption that CISS can arise in electron transfer reactions of radical pairs, we propose a simple way to include CISS in conventional models of radical pair spin dynamics. [8] We show that the stochastic Schrödinger equation (SSE) provides an ideal way to simulate the quantum mechanical spin dynamics of radical pairs. [9] The optimized parameters used for the fit, including the mutual diffusion coefficient of the radical pairs, cage radius of the potential well, and well depth, were discussed in terms of the diffusion coefficient conventional theory and the potential mean force estimated from the molecular dynamics simulation for the photodissociation reaction in ILs. [10]

magnetically sensitive chemical

The mechanism of the magnetic compass sense of migratory songbirds is thought to involve magnetically sensitive chemical reactions of light-induced radical pairs in cryptochrome proteins located in the birds' eyes. [1] 1) proposes that, when cryptochrome proteins absorb photons of light and become ‘photoexcited’, they form magnetically sensitive chemical intermediates known as radical pairs. [2] The light-dependent magnetic compass sense of night-migratory songbirds is thought to rely on magnetically sensitive chemical reactions of radical pairs in cryptochrome proteins located in the birds' eyes. [3]

Correlated Radical Pairs

In this paper, using a custom-built microscope, we demonstrate that flavin-based autofluorescence in native, untreated HeLa cells is magnetic field sensitive, due to the formation and electron spin–selective recombination of spin-correlated radical pairs. [1] Photo-CIDNP (photo-chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization) refers to nuclear polarization created by the spin-chemical evolution of spin-correlated radical pairs (SCRPs). [2] ABSTRACT A method is proposed to manipulate electron spin order of spin-correlated radical pairs. [3] In this study, we employed a time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance method to characterize two kinds of electron spin polarizations (ESPs) of the photoinduced CS states as different geometries, exchange couplings, and spin-relaxation times of spin-correlated radical pairs in OSC blend films composed of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester by applying polarized light excitations (magnetophotoselection) with respect to an external magnetic field direction at a cryogenic temperature. [4]

Photogenerated Radical Pairs

Photogenerated radical pairs are good spin qubit pair (SQP) candidates because they can be initialized in a pure quantum state that exhibits relatively long coherence times. [1] At the same time, photogenerated radical pairs were discovered to exhibit unusual electron paramagnetic resonance spectra that also had such resonances. [2] One biophysical model of this sense relies on spin dynamics in photogenerated radical pairs in the protein cryptochrome. [3]

Hydroxyl Radical Pairs

It has been found in recent molecular beam experiments that pyridine molecules photoexcited at 255 nm can abstract hydrogen atoms from hydrogen-bonded water molecules in pyridine-water clusters, resulting in pyridinyl-hydroxyl radical pairs. [1] The same type of reaction is also possible in the self-reaction between two benzyl hydroperoxide molecules forming benzyloxyl and hydroxyl radical pairs along with benzaldehyde and water as co-products. [2]

Transient Radical Pairs

Since the energy that could possibly be deposited by the radiation is orders of magnitude smaller than the energy of molecular thermal motion, it was suggested that the effect was caused by the interaction of RF magnetic fields with transient radical pairs within the cells, affecting the ROS formation rates through the radical pair mechanism. [1] The ability of night-migratory songbirds to sense the direction of the Earth's magnetic field is increasingly attributed to a photochemical mechanism in which the magnetic field acts on transient radical pairs in cryptochrome flavoproteins located in the birds' eyes. [2]

Primary Radical Pairs

However, because the singlet–triplet mixing that occurs in the two possible primary radical pairs is similar, determining the order of the electron transfer and hole transfer steps unambiguously is challenging. [1] The build-up of PSIIL requires a series of light-induced events generating rapidly recombining primary radical pairs, spaced by sufficient waiting times between these events - pointing to the roles of local electric-field transients and dielectric relaxation processes. [2]

Sensitive Radical Pairs

This mechanism implies electron transfer between the reaction partners; it is switched on by catalyzing ions and generates magneto-sensitive radical pairs. [1] A biophysical model proposed that magnetoreception can be achieved through quantum effects of magnetically-sensitive radical pairs formed by the photoexcitation of cryptochrome (CRY) proteins. [2]

radical pairs generated

Radical pairs generated in crystalline solids by bond cleavage reactions of triplet ketones offer the unique opportunity to explore a frontier of spin dynamics where rigid radicals are highly entangled as the result of short inter-radical distances, large singlet-triplet energy gaps (ΔEST), and limited spin-lattice relaxation mechanisms. [1] The observed kinetics suggest that back electron transfer occurs between radical pairs generated by diffusive reencounter, either in the vesicle surface water or via electron hopping through degenerate electron exchange. [2] ABSTRACT The dynamics of the radical pairs generated from the electron transfer reaction from indole derivatives to flavin derivatives are studied by three techniques, time resolved magnetic field effect (TR-MARY) and pulse absorption detected magnetic resonance (ADMR), and absorption detected switching of external magnetic field techniques (AD-SEMF). [3]

radical pairs formed

A biophysical model proposed that magnetoreception can be achieved through quantum effects of magnetically-sensitive radical pairs formed by the photoexcitation of cryptochrome (CRY) proteins. [1] EPR spectra of radical pairs formed via each symmetric branch of cofactors, A or B, exhibit distinctive line shapes. [2] The direction of the magnetic field appears to be sensed via radical pair processes in the eyes, with the crucial radical pairs formed by cryptochrome. [3]

radical pairs whose

According to the "Radical Pair Mechanism" (RPM), blue/UV light excites CRY's flavin cofactor (FAD) to generate radical pairs whose singlet-to-triplet interconversion rate is modulated by an external MF. [1] Spin-conserving electron transfer reactions are thought to result in radical pairs whose near-degenerate electronic singlet and triplet states interconvert coherently as a result of hyperfine, exchange, and dipolar couplings and, crucially for a compass sensor, Zeeman interactions with the geomagnetic field. [2]