Introduction to Quantitative Genetics

Motivation Pangenomes provide novel insights for population and quantitative genetics, genomics, and breeding not available from studying a single reference genome.

We calculated the theoretical AUCs using quantitative genetics model-based formulae and obtained the empirical estimates via 10-fold cross-validation using statistical and machine learning techniques.

While several studies have demonstrated the relevance of the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases for heritable variation and response to selection of the host population, our current theoretical framework of quantitative genetics excludes these dynamics.

The field of quantitative genetics provides predictions for the response to directional selection through the breeder’s equation.

keywords : genomic selection, quantitative genetics, mating selection, simulation.

Although genotyping arrays are still considered the gold standard in high-throughput quantitative genetics, recent advances in sequencing provide new opportunities for this.

Applying these heuristics, we obtain stochastic ordinary differential equations that generalize classical expressions of ecological quantitative genetics.

We tested this hypothesis by mating two species of closely related, but ecologically distinct, Sicilian daisies (Senecio, Asteraceae) using a quantitative genetics breeding design.

This is a typical example of the Winners’ curse applied to molecular quantitative genetics.

Characterization of genomic regions underlying adaptation of landraces can reveal a quantitative genetics framework for local wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

The extension of quantitative genetics to include models that incorporate properties of gene networks expands the long tradition of studying epistasis resulting from gene-gene interactions.

We propose that integrating the fields of quantitative genetics and food web ecology will reveal new insights on how climate change may reorganize biodiversity across levels of organization.

Sexual dimorphism, the phenomenon whereby males and females of the same species are distinctive in some aspect of appearance or size, has previously been documented in cattle for traits such as growth rate and carcass merit using a quantitative genetics approach.

Here we investigate the quantitative genetics of survival over 120 hours of exposure (“susceptibility”) of C.

We produced seeds by breeding field-collected individuals of two closely related, but ecologically distinct, species of Sicilian daisy (Senecio, Asteraceae) in a quantitative genetics design.

The genetic regulation of annual cycles can be studied either via candidate genes or through the decomposition of phenotypic variance by quantitative genetics.

We present a general extension to sexual reproduction and an analytical solution for a particular but important case, the infinitesimal model of quantitative genetics which assumes traits to be normally distributed.

Subject area Quantitative genetics and Mendelian inheritance.

We formalized the multivariate quantitative genetics model describing the coevolution of the size of nuptial gift produced by the male (x) and the female's propensity to engage in remating (y).

The introduction of quantitative genetics and the use of statistical models have played a fundamental role in achieving these advances.

While several studies have demonstrated the relevance of transmission of infections for heritable variation and response to selection, current quantitative genetics ignores transmission.

Here we investigate the simplest generalization of these single locus models to quantitative genetics with many loci, assuming simple additive effects on a set of phenotypes and a linear approximation to the fitness function.

In honeybee, the haplodiploid sex determination does not allow the straightforward use of classical quantitative genetics methods to estimate heritability and genetic correlation.

Using individual-based models and analytic approximations that fuse quantitative genetics and demography, we explore how heritability and phenotypic variance affect population size and extinction risk in finite populations under an extreme event of fixed duration.

The ambition of the obtained tool is not to substitute but complement ampelography and quantitative genetics, and in this way, assist cultivar identification services.

Those that have belong to one of two distinct empirical traditions: (i) quantitative genetics, which focusses on multi-locus genetic variances in each sex, but is largely agnostic about their genetic basis; and (ii) molecular population genetics, which focusses on comparing autosomal and X-linked polymorphism, but is poorly suited for inferring contemporary sex differences.

Their efficiency in terms of genetic gains per unit of cost and time and their ability to release new varieties rely on the development of many breeding applications based on quantitative genetics theory and on statistical analyses of numerous experimental data from selection schemes including DNA marker data developed for some genomic breeding applications.

To evaluate the potential for ecological morphology to drive evolution of immunity, and vice versa, we use a quantitative genetics framework coupled with an ecological model of a predator and two prey species (the diet options).

This view has been breaking down from the moment it was proposed, and is now seriously challenged by results from evo-devo, comparative genomics, molecular evolution, and quantitative genetics.

We also derive new analytical predictions from a quantitative genetics model for the expected genetic variance at equilibrium, and its components, the lag of the population to the optimum, and the population mean fitness.

In evolutionary quantitative genetics, the genetic variance-covariance matrix, G, and the vector of directional selection gradients, β, are key parameters for predicting multivariate selection responses and genetic constraints.

A central challenge of quantitative genetics is partitioning phenotypic variation into genetic and non-genetic components.

Two popular approaches for modeling social evolution, evolutionary game theory and quantitative genetics, ask complementary questions but are rarely integrated.

To illustrate, we connect the framework to quantitative genetics models and to common classes of statistical models used to infer individual heterogeneity.

Conclusions: The findings of the current study may have important implications in the quantitative genetics of salinity tolerance and the development of cultivars tolerant to salinity in wheat.

A decade of high-throughput sequencing-based investigations into the genomic basis of migration points to an integrative framework that incorporates quantitative genetics, evolutionary developmental biology, phenotypic plasticity, and epigenetics to explain migration evolution.

ResultsWe used microarrays, RNA-Seq and quantitative genetics with the spontaneously hypertensive, SHR (SHR/OlaIpcv) rat strain, the normotensive Brown Norway (BN-Lx/Cub) rat strain, and a recombinant inbred (RI) panel of rats (HXB/BXH) derived from these strains to examine the areas of the genome associated with cardiac hypertrophy.

We also explore the coevolution of life-history traits of the parasite and hyperparasite, using adaptive dynamics and quantitative genetics frameworks to identify evolutionarily singular strategies.

Significance We investigated the genetic architecture of maize domestication using a quantitative genetics approach.

We show that research using Tribolium beetles has contributed a substantial amount to evolutionary and ecological understanding, especially in the fields of population dynamics, reproduction and sexual selection, population and quantitative genetics, and behaviour, physiology and life history.

Here, we test this hypothesis by applying a quantitative genetics approach based on the Lande model to assess whether variation in the nasal region can be explained by random neutral processes (e.

Quantitative genetics states that phenotypic variation is a consequence of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors.

Our approach extends to class-structured populations a recently introduced “oligomorphic approximation” which bridges the gap between adaptive dynamics and quantitative genetics approaches and allows for the joint description of the dynamics of ecological variables and of the moments of multimodal trait distributions.

Here, we illustrate how integrating the microbiome into quantitative genetics can help untangle complexities of host-microbiome evolution.

In poultry, selection programs through quantitative genetics are time consuming in case of lowly heritable traits.

Here, we first summarize the results obtained from different quantitative genetics and population genetics models, about the genetic architecture of polygenic traits and their response to directional selection.

Despite the great success of CGIAR breeding in the last decades, we posit that quantitative genetics principles must be more strongly emphasized in breeding strategies to keep pace with the accelerated demand and with changes in production conditions resulting in a growing demand for food, climate change and newly introduced breeding objectives -such as nutritional quality.

In this study, heritability of growth sensitivity of south-eastern Baltic provenances of Scots pine differing by field performance to meteorological conditions was assessed combining methods of quantitative genetics and dendrochronology.

In evolutionary quantitative genetics, the genetic variance–covariance matrix, G, and the vector of directional selection gradients, β, are key parameters for predicting multivariate selection responses and genetic constraints.

We suggest that research on correlational selection has great potential to integrate multiple fields in evolutionary biology, including developmental and functional biology, ecology, quantitative genetics, phenotypic polymorphisms, hybrid zones and speciation processes.

Keywords: conservation genomics, quantitative genetics, pedigree, kinship,ex situ , in situ.

Under these conditions, long-term response to selection is not expected to be optimal under the classical infinitesimal model of quantitative genetics.

This can be accomplished by a better understanding of genetics, which is why the research was conducted to reveal the quantitative genetics of vegetable soybean genotypes.

Hence, it is of utmost priority to develop genomic database resources and species-specific markers for studying quantitative genetics in G.

The distribution of fitness effects (DFE) for new mutations is fundamental for many aspects of population and quantitative genetics.

Allele substitution effects at quantitative trait loci (QTL) are part of the basis of quantitative genetics theory and applications such as association analysis and genomic prediction.

Using quantitative genetics, here we demonstrate that parental effects substantially contribute to the evolutionary potential of larval antipredator responses in a leaf beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata).

Quantitative genetics models provide a means of interrogating aspects of long-standing H.

A quantitative genetics experiment was performed to evaluate 13 juvenile traits of both native and invasive black locust populations (3000 seeds, 20 populations) subjected to three different thermal treatments (18 °C, 22 °C and 31 °C).

For complex traits controlled by many genes, the infinitesimal model for trait genetic variation is the dominant G2P model of quantitative genetics.

We contend that the explosion of genetic and epigenetic data in population health data sources has made the medical sociological perspective increasingly relevant to researchers outside of sociology, including public health, epidemiology, and quantitative genetics.

Developing an information theory of quantitative genetics David J.

Evaluation of measurable life-cycle traits, transcriptomic responses and quantitative genetics from an evolve and resequencing (E&R) experiment were integrated to assess the potential of C.

Here, I explore the quantitative genetics of juvenile growth and development relative to hostplant phenology in the butterfly Eurema hecabe.