Introduction to Policy Space
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Policy Space sentence examples within foreign direct investment
This article introduces a quantitative measure of trade policy space at the national level, and investigates empirically whether it influences foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to countries.
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SETTING
Countries experiencing greater availability and access to diets full of energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods through increased imports, greater foreign direct investment and increasing constraints on national health policy space as a result of trade agreements.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Education Policy Space
Examples of this include the curriculum impacts actual and potential of the OECD's testing regime and aspirations in relation to curriculum and the EU's creation of a European education policy space.
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We map the education policy space using a data set of 493 comments and 5315 hand-coded comment paragraphs.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Monetary Policy Space
<br><br>As well as highlighting why unconventional and conventional accommodative monetary policies have been propagated as being crucial to achieving dual mandates and goals of leading central bank economies, drawing from lessons and experiences whereby accommodative monetary policies have been instigated as a means of addressing prolonged periods of low inflation, this paper highlights how such experiences can also be used to bolster the proposition that "since monetary policy space is limited, and since many of the challenges faced are beyond mandates of central banks, these should be addressed through structural and fiscal policies.
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Looking forward, the increased likelihood of a low growth and low inflation environment may reduce the monetary policy space.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Domestic Policy Space
International cooperation in the form of AEI increases the domestic policy space of governments under conditions of economic globalization and may enable a return to more progressive tax systems and a reversion of the trend of rising income and wealth inequality.
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Joining the DEPA at an early stage would give Canada the opportunity to participate in the development of this agreement in a way that meets the needs of the small, open economies as well as help to mitigate the extent to which DEPA could limit future Canadian domestic policy space to adopt new laws and regulations to protect privacy, prevent algorithmic bias, protect critical infrastructure, ensure national security or promote domestic innovation.
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Policy Space sentence examples within National Policy Space
These so-called ‘conditionalities’ afford IFIs substantial policy influence on governments throughout the world, thereby reducing national policy space and undermining national development agendas.
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ABSTRACT This paper critiques the trilemma framing of the political economy of globalization, and offers an alternative framing based on the construction of national policy space.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Dimensional Policy Space
Applying scaling techniques to locate candidates of both elections in the same two-dimensional policy space, the analysis demonstrates that in 2017 the AfD took a distinct radical right position in the party system of Germany.
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We consider a simple political game with a two-dimensional policy space in which three parties compete to form the government.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Trade Policy Space
This paper examines the effect of trade policy space on production diversification, and particularly on industrialization.
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This article introduces a quantitative measure of trade policy space at the national level, and investigates empirically whether it influences foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to countries.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Health Policy Space
However, given the potential for wider use of the ISDS mechanism by THCCs in the future, strategies to protect public health policy space in the context of both international trade and investment treaty and dispute settlement contexts remain important.
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Do international trade rules and agreements constrain health policy space? A multitude of global actors and institutions with different interests and power can shape national health policy, and trade rules provide one means through which to exert pressure on governments.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Global Policy Space
Slow onset processes have been increasingly linked to human mobility in the global policy space.
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They examine the opportunities and challenges faced by civil society in its endeavor to promote a rights-based approach within international and intergovernmental fora engaged in setting up a global compact for the management of migration and in other global policy spaces.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Industrial Policy Space
After the shift in the economic accumulation pattern toward a more neoliberal agenda during the 1990s, the industrial policy space in countries belonging to the periphery has been extremely reduced.
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Industrial structure upgrading is of great significance to continuous growth of economy, establishing Free Trade Zones(FTZs) as an important space-oriented industrial policy space carrier, leading regional industrial structure upgrade.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Government Policy Space
In addition, and in assessing the experience of Caribbean SIDS, these remedies have led to diminishing government policy space.
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Our assessment is that much of the drafting of CETA on the balance between investor rights and government policy space will create changes in form, but very limited, if any, changes in substance.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Complex Policy Space
This region is situated within a complex policy space due to the national, provincial and regional governance structures, geographical location and the breadth of factors pertaining to food security.
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However, despite numerous conceptual advances and empirical insights, researchers still lack universal criteria or accepted heuristics for delineating policy mixes in these complex policy spaces.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Safeguarding Policy Space
The European Union has made explicit statements of safeguarding policy space for health systems.
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From a cultural exception approach based on an attempt to detach culture from trade provisions, the European Union economic agreements seem to evolve to a broader and more holistic position aiming to promote cultural exchanges through cooperation, while still safeguarding policy space in cultural matters through its traditional cultural exception.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Multidimensional Policy Space
We study competition between political parties in repeated elections with probabilistic voting, allowing a multidimensional policy space and multiple political parties.
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Such electoral coalitions are facilitated by multidimensional policy spaces that make electoral coalitions other than between nonsocialist parties possible.
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Policy Space sentence examples within Fiscal Policy Space
Using five governance measures across two time periods (2005–10, 2010–15), we document the wide array of pathways by which the fiscal policy space can and does change and can lead to variants in outcomes.
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Apart from the fact that EMEs entered the crisis later than AEs, narrower fiscal policy space in EMEs, further reduced by the tightening of their financing conditions in the early stages of the pandemic, constrained their fiscal response.
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Policy Space sentence examples within policy space available
We study the problem of identifying the policy space available to an agent in a learning process, having access to a set of demonstrations generated by the agent playing the optimal policy in the considered space.
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This discussion will lead to a broader debate about the neoliberal policies propagated by the World Trade Organization (WTO) and their conflict with policy space available to developing countries for managing trade policies to suit their national objectives.
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Policy Space sentence examples within policy space analysi
In particular, this research models security policy implementation as a Weighted K Set Covering Problem (WKSCP) and employs a computational-geometry-based Policy Space Analysis (PSA) tool for a set of procedures as the security mechanism.
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DESIGN
We use a framework for policy space analysis which distinguishes between policy context, process and characteristics.
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At the center of the analysis lies the question of the extent to which public officials restrict the policy space of future governments.
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There are many ways to estimate such a policy: policy iteration, Q-learning (which operates in the so called “value” space), policy-gradients (which operates in the policy space); see [1, 14] for a detailed discussion of these methods.
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The policy-based Πb-SPIBB algorithm attributes the same probability to bootstrapped pairs as the behavior policy, which restricts the policy space to Πb = {π | π(s, a) = πb(s, a) : ∀π ∈ Π, ∀(s, a) ∈ Bm}.
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Keynes's liquidity preference theory informs the analysis of the loss of policy space and widespread instabilities in emerging economies that are the consequence of financial hyperglobalization.
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The aim of this study was to assess the policy space to implement food security policy in Indonesia under the World Trade Organization (WTO).
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The paper argues that along with the traditional indicators of trade competitiveness like trade balance developing countries now need to give importance to preserving their policy space in free trade agreements since the fourth digital industrial revolution is changing the ways products are manufactured and exported.
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The purpose is to clarify the policy space that the ‘Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights’ (TRIPS Agreement) leaves to national legislators and judicial authorities with regard to the implementation and administration of their patent systems.
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While there was probably no other way that the policy space given to climate change mitigation could have increased so rapidly, there are significant side effects that arise as a result of the traction gained by these initial policy approaches.
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This leads to systematic measurement error that undermines the key assumption that survey responses measure preferences in the same policy space as legislative behavior.
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Indeed, it will be argued that while NPM clauses do raise some difficulties with respect to extending the policy space of contracting parties, they are relatively effective in ensuring that public policy is a permanent feature of arbitrators’ matrix of decision-making.
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This discussion will lead to a broader debate about the neoliberal policies propagated by the World Trade Organization (WTO) and their conflict with policy space available to developing countries for managing trade policies to suit their national objectives.
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In particular, this research models security policy implementation as a Weighted K Set Covering Problem (WKSCP) and employs a computational-geometry-based Policy Space Analysis (PSA) tool for a set of procedures as the security mechanism.
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In relation to the second question, and by contrast to other policy spaces, the analysis provided little evidence of unfettered penetration of private sector ‘ideological repertoires’, lexicons and sensitivities into the European policy evaluation space.
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The second one includes both the United States’ interests in, through negotiating trade agreements, reducing the policy space in the region, and the beginning of the commodity boom.
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Drawing on the results of a systematic literature review combined with a documentary analysis of OECD publications and working documents, this chapter analyzes three governance mechanisms through which these reforms are being promoted by the organization: data collection, education policy evaluation, and the generation of policy ideas through different knowledge products and policy spaces.
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The paper uses the M40 motorway management contract as a stud in illuminating the policy space of PPP in the UK.
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The birth of the WTO in the mid-1990s shrank the policy space.
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We develop the framework based on principles of need and liability, and identify the policy space for Loss and Damage as composed of curative and transformative measures.
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However, in the classic model, both candidates can propose policies anywhere in policy space, and this is a crucial element in proving the necessity of that condition.
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In his book I recognized several of the many contributions Rodrik has made: his argument for policy space and revitalization of industrial policy, the globalization trilemma, the idea and process of growth diagnostics and the idea of premature deindustrialization and the powerful challenge it presents to developing countries.
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The focus of this article is a study that problematized the alignment of professional attributes valued in the policy space and in the field of practice to understand educator agency, a key element of professional capability.
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DESIGN
We use a framework for policy space analysis which distinguishes between policy context, process and characteristics.
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We combine qualitative analysis of vegetable oils value chains for sustainable nutrition with an analysis of the policy space for the promotion of healthy, sustainable oil consumption.
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Although some improved method such as probabilistic inference for learning control ( PILCO ) does not require an explicit global model as the actions are obtained by directly searching the policy space, the overfitting and lack of model complexity may still result in a large deviation between the prediction and the real system.
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With approximate skyline, the power of filtering in the policy space generation stage was greatly strengthened to effectively decrease the cost of skyline computation over alternative policies.
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It concludes that there is a need for direct participation of rightsholders in international regime development, and that there should be policy space and financial support for their green radical alternatives to REDD+.
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The empirical results provide strong evidence that the size of the policy space created by a party collapse has a substantial impact on the level of new party’s success.
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We show the elements that have been key in previous initiatives regarding the spaces for scaling up: policy space, fiscal and financial space, institutional capacity space, learning space, partnership space, technical space, and other spaces, to which we add the importance of the technical dimension.
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In the context of trade negotiations and agreements it is fundamental, therefore, to protect the policy space for governments to adopt nutrition-sensitive interventions.
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Meanwhile, economic research on international trade is also evolving with theory and empirical evidence on a rapidly changing global economy and policy space.
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A large balance sheet regime is found to deliver ampler “policy space�? by widening the steady-state distance between the interest on reserves and its effective lower bound (ELB).
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We argue that this result is explained by the impact of union pressure on governments which, in such a context, are imbued with the policy space to respond to domestic interest groups.
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Member states of the World Trade Organization are expected to adhere to the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, but to what extent do the WTO Members have policy space to subsidize their industries? Using an economically informed framework, Caiado examines the flexibilities countries may find at the WTO to grant subsidies and impose tariffs to protect designated industries.
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