Introduction to Platelet Membranes

Inspired by the interaction of platelet membrane components with atherosclerosis plaques, we designed biomimetic liposomes composed of artificial liposomes hybrid with platelet membranes (P-Lipo) for atherosclerosis targeting.

As many of these techniques cannot be applied to platelets to resolve this issue, due to the high density of GPVI and its anucleate nature, we used Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) to show that endogenous GPVI is at least partially expressed as a dimer on resting and activated platelet membranes.

Due to the specific interactions between fibrinogen and integrin receptors on platelet membranes, PNPs can form aggregated structures in the presence of fibrinogen.

The inner layer comprises the sonosensitizer IR780 and the oxidative stress amplifier CA, whereas the platelet membranes (PM) were designed and utilized as an outer layer that can target tumors, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of SDT by attenuating the capability of tumor cells for scavenging ROS with GSH.

Protein decoration, antibody modification, and platelet membranes have been used for targeting and precision medicine.

Background: C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2) is a platelet-activated receptor expressed on the surface of platelet membranes.

Methods: Platelet-mimetic EVs (P-EVs) were fabricated by fusing the membranes of EVs with platelet membranes by extrusion.

Platelet–lymphocyte interactions are involved in malignant disorders, and CD61, CD42b present on platelet membranes, as functionally active surface receptors mediate the adhesion of active platelets to lymphocytes, endothelial cells, and cancer cells.

By coating with platelet membranes, Pla-MBs are endowed with various adhesive receptors (such as integrin αIIbβ3), providing a benefit for selective adhesion to damaged endothelium in SAKI.

In this study, we hybrid exosomes with platelet membranes to enhance their ability to target the injured heart and avoid being captured by macrophages.

Background Platelet membranes are extremely susceptible to peroxidation, forming a variety of lipid peroxides, including malondialdehyde (MDA), which has been implicated in the etiology of cardiovascular diseases.

To prove this concept, mesoporous silica nanoparticles are co-loaded with a hypoxia-activated prodrug (HAP) and a vessel-disruptive agent and then coated with platelet membranes.

The effect of Tetramethrinand prallethrin-based mosquito repellent pyrethroids on rat platelet membranes of cholesterol, phospholipids, lipid peroxidation in platelet membrane was investigated.

This study is devoted to assessing the effect of the presence and absence of antigens on the AB0 system, presented on erythrocyte and platelet membranes, on hemostatic parameters.

The expression of GPVI on platelet membranes is increased in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

For example, we took advantage of the natural infarct-targeting ability of platelet membranes by fusing them onto the surface of cardiac stromal/stem cells (CSCs).

The data show the value of lipid components of activated platelet membranes, including phospholipids of various classes, glycolipids and cholesterol.

Morphological substrate of platelet hemostasis damage in patients with T1DM and T2DM is increased destabilization of the platelet membranes, massive agglutination with a predominance of various sizes condensed aggregates, the involvement of irreversibly deformed erythrocytes and activated leukocytes in their composition, imbalance of density packing of alpha-, delta-, and lambda- granules.

It can also be found in platelet membranes and on the surface of endothelial cells [3], offering a suitable target antigen for autoantibodies.

Here, we developed platelet membranes (PM) as nano-carriers to co-encapsulate metformin (Met) and IR780 (PM-IR780-Met NPs).

Using intravital microscopy to visualize and quantify cell recruitment in mice with genetically labeled platelet membranes (Pf4-Cre x mTmG), the authors directly showed increased platelet migration and adhesion events in the live lung after LPS.

Background: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) acts as a modifier of erythrocyte and platelet membranes by disrupting antioxidant system with the concomitant increase in free radical production and induction of apoptosis.

StfA/CSTA was primarily localized at platelet membranes and granules and was released upon agonist stimulation and clot formation through a metalloprotease-dependent mechanism.

So, we aimed to study the fatty acids of platelet membranes in patients with dengue.

In chronic generalized periodontitis, pathological changes in the lipid composition of platelet membranes (an increase in the percentage of lysophospholipids and free fatty acids) were associated with systemic activation of oxidative processes and of phospholipase enzyme systems, which was accompanied by an increase in their aggregation activity.

This platesome nanovehicle is constructed by merging platelet membranes with functionalized synthetic liposomes and exhibits enhanced tumor affinity, due to its platelet membrane-based camouflage, and selectively releases its cargo in response to the acidic microenvironment of lysosomal compartments.