Introduction to Non Randomized Trial

For non-randomized trials, higher risk of bias was assumed, and the JBI Critical Appraisal tool was used as a guide to determine inclusion.

The review included 27 randomized and non-randomized trials and interventions.

In an non-randomized trial in a lamb model, these two delivery routes were equivalent in terms of success in resuscitation and serum adrenaline levels.

We included all cohort studies and randomized or non-randomized trials, while we excluded case-control studies, case reports, and case series.

All randomized and non-randomized trials investigating ASM for epilepsy were included.

The quality of non-randomized trials and randomized controlled trials was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Quality Assessment Table, respectively.

Indeed, there are quantifiable threshold values above which it is highly likely that effectiveness seen in non-randomized trials will consistently translate to improved survival.

Methods We systematically review the evidence from prospective randomized and non-randomized trials on local ablative therapy for OMD NSCLC published until June 2020.

AIM To answer these PICO questions: #1: In adult patients with malocclusion, what are the effects of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) on clinical attachment level (CAL) changes in treated periodontitis patients with a healthy but reduced periodontium compared to non-periodontitis patients? #2: In adult patients with treated periodontitis and malocclusion, which is the efficacy of skeletal anchorage devices compared to conventional systems in terms of orthodontic treatment outcomes? MATERIAL AND METHODS Seven databases were searched until June 2020 looking for randomized, non-randomized trials and case series.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II; low-powered prospective non-randomized trial.

Following a systematic database literature search, peer-reviewed studies with randomized control trials (RCT) and with non-randomized trials (NRCT) investigating the interventional effects of bicycling on PD patients were included.

Methods This was a Phase 1 multicenter, open-label, non-randomized trial with a classic 3+3 dose escalation and an expansion cohort in patients with unresectable HCC, Child Pugh A, ECOG 0 or 1.

However, this was in the context of a non-randomized trial, and for pT1N0 HER2+ BC it remains unclear whether HER2 monotherapy would provide similar clinical outcomes to chemo-HER2 therapy.

After eliminating duplicates, 908 studies remained; from these, we excluded observational studies, reviews, case reports, and non-randomized trials, and 12 studies remained.

Fifteen randomized and fourteen non-randomized trials (total of 689 patients with SSc with mean 23.

METHODS We included controlled and noncontrolled, randomized and non-randomized trials evaluating stem cell therapy as a treatment in patients with autism spectrum disorder compared to placebo or without comparator.

1 In their recently published paper, the authors criticize our inclusion criteria (eg, non-randomized trials and unilateral experimental designs), the use of multiple outcomes for maximum muscle strength assessment (eg, specific and non-specific) and inclusion of more than one comparator arm in a single study (eg, double counting).

Several small case studies and non-randomized trials showed promise early on.

METHODS Twenty-three women were kept on a GFD for six weeks and received muffins with 20 g of gluten isolate (gluten period) or muffins without gluten (gluten-free period) in a crossover, single-blind, non-randomized trial.

DESIGN This descriptive study employs a single-group, non-randomized trial to examine functionality, effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of the novel Smarthealth system.

Next, the results of small open-label studies and non-randomized trials will be synthesized as well as evidence for ketamine’s anti-suicidality properties.

Eligible studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized trials (NRTs), including controlled and non-controlled before-after studies, all assessing burnout and stress among physicians pre- and post-intervention via validated instruments.

This was a prospective non-randomized trial comparing a POCUS-guided site to the conventional anatomic site in the same patient.

Design: Secondary analysis of the intervention arm of a comparative non-randomized trial with propensity-matched chart controls.

RESULTS There were 134 articles identified through a database search and 16 from other sources, which were subsequently reduced to 11 trials (six randomized trials and five non-randomized trials) that were deemed appropriate for inclusion in this review.

RoB 2 tool was used for randomized trials and ROBINS-I tool for non-randomized trials.

The inclusion criteria were human studies in the form of randomized control trials, non-randomized trials and comparative studies, retrospective studies, prospective studies, and observational studies with at least one of the treatment arms including management of MAF using 3DP.

Methods We conducted a literature search of systematic reviews of randomized controlled and non-randomized trials published between 2018 and 2019 that multiple physicians had reviewed independently.

Materials and methods Randomized and non-randomized trials, cohort and cross-sectional studies evaluating HIV-1 Gag gene mutations and protease resistance associated mutations, will all be included.

Results Twelve non-randomized trials were included in the meta-analysis.

Methods The present study is a single-center, open-label, phase II, non-randomized trial (Clinical trials number: NCT02022852).

Thus, we conducted a non-randomized trial among the healthcare professionals (HCWs) to investigate the long-term sustainability of SARS-CoV-2-specific B cells and T cells stimulated by inactivated vaccine and the potential need for a third booster dose for the HCWs.

Prospective controlled non-randomized trial.

Inclusion criteria were (i) patients 13 years or older with a diagnosis of BPD, (ii) treatment with anticonvulsive medications, antidepressants, antipsychotic medications, benzodiazepines, melatonin, opioid agonists or antagonists, or sedative or hypnotic medications for at least 8 weeks, (iii) comparison with placebo or an eligible medication, (iv) assessment of health-relevant outcomes, (v) randomized or non-randomized trials or controlled observational studies.

METHODS In this prospective, non-randomized trial, point-of-care ultrasound was used following endotracheal intubation in children to evaluate the position of the endotracheal tube cuff in relationship to the cricoid and tracheal rings.

Results Of 733 searched studies, we included four randomized and eleven non-randomized trials.

Methods The study was designed as a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized trials.

The quality of assessment and risk of bias for the included studies were evaluated independently by two invigilators utilizing “The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing the risk of bias” and “Modified version of the Newcastle Ottawa scale” for Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and non-randomized trials respectively.

The quality of the studies was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials, ROBINS-I tool for non-randomized trials and Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for case studies.

Non-randomized trials, cross-over trials and pooled studies were excluded.

Methods: We conducted a non-randomized trial (NCT03462342) in platinum sensitive HGSOC immediately following prior PARPi treatment of a 28 day cycle of olaparib 300mg orally twice daily and ceralasertib 160mg orally once daily on days 1-7.

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, and non-randomized trials were included.

Methods This prospective non-randomized trial recruited 404 students over three academic years.

We conceptualized the cohort as an overlapping sequence of non-randomized trials.

Non-comparative single-arm small non-randomized trials for diflunisal comprised 4 of the included studies.

Surveillance programs for presymptomatic PV carriers have shown survival benefit in a non-randomized trial.

Aim To compare a medial pivot (MP) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with posterior stabilized (PS) TKA designs from a subjective, clinical and biomechanical point of view, in a single-centre, single-surgeon, case-control non-randomized trial.

Evidence from non-randomized trials and open-label studies has been contradictory, and recently published results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial failed to demonstrate the efficacy of IL-6 receptor blockade in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Non-randomized trials and alternative study designs are excluded from traditional knowledge synthesis.

The different study designs captured included four non-randomized trials, three randomized trials, two simulation models, two cross-sectional studies, and one cohort study.

DESIGN A clustered non-randomized trial in the catchment area of Aravind Eye Care System (AECS) -Pondicherry to compare two eye camp models, the traditional AECS eye camp and the novel, technology-driven, eye camp models.

Randomized controlled trial and non-randomized trial were collected and patients with posterior tooth defect were included.

We then went beyond the protocol and searched for non-randomized trials and case series, but no intervention was found where stretching was the differentiating factor.

We excluded non-randomized trials, observational studies, and trials with less than 1 year of follow-up duration.

The first small non-randomized trials showed the ability of HCQ and its combination with azithromycin to accelerate the elimination of the virus and ease the acute phase of the disease.

The quality of non-randomized trials included was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale.

METHODS AND RESULTS A non-randomized trial design was used in this study.

Both randomized and non-randomized trials were included.

Prospective non-randomized trial with a historic control group.

The former category includes randomized trials, controlled before-after studies and interrupted time series, while the latter category comprises non-randomized trials, uncontrolled before-after studies, case-control/cohort studies and other observational studies.

Three randomized controlled trials and five non-randomized trials including 5,050 patients were included.

Risk of bias and certainty in evidence were assessed with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale for non-randomized trials and the GRADE approach.

RESULTS Overall, 3 randomized controlled trials and 12 non-randomized trials met the inclusion criteria.

We also excluded ongoing, unpublished, and non-randomized trials.

An open-label non-randomized trial in 90 patients with COVID-19 of moderate severity was conducted between May and October 2020.

Four studies used a randomized trial—group design, one used a non-randomized trial—group design, one used a cross-sectional design, and one used a pretest–posttest design.

Methods In our non-randomized trial, the participants were divided into two groups based on their body fat percentage: 14 men with a high (HBF = 29.

PATIENTS AND METHODS This observational, prospective and non-randomized trial enrolled type 2 DM patients referred to our outpatient clinic between January 2019 and December 2019, who were shifted from multiple daily-dose insulin injection therapy to degludec/liraglutide combination as per the physician's decision.

Eligibility criteria for study selection included studies on humans with any of the following designs: randomized clinical trials, prospective non-randomized trials, retrospective studies, and case series.

We also argue that the principle of equipoise should apply to randomized and non-randomized trials; that randomization is a fairer means of allocating to intervention and comparison groups; and that there is an ethical case for experimentation to generate higher-quality evidence for policymaking that may otherwise do harm.

int/ictrp/en/) using keywords including novel coronavirus, coronavirus pneumonia, 2019-nCoV, COVID-19, and SARS-COV-2 from 1 December 2019 to 27 April 2020 and included interventional randomized and non-randomized trials including patients with confirmed cases of COVID-19 in mainland China.

Most randomized and non-randomized trial demonstrate improvement in clinical outcomes for ERBT over TURBT, however more pathological and translational studies are warranted.

Randomized (RCTs) or non-randomized trials, one-arm trials, and prospective quasi-experimental studies with interventions were included if they had ≥ 10 participants.

MATERIALS/METHODS Eighty patients with localized prostate cancer with gross tumor volume (GTV) identified on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) were enrolled in this phase 2 non-randomized trial (2012-2016).

The Newcastle–Ottawa scale was used to assess the risk of bias of cohort and non-randomized trials.

MATERIAL AND METHODS It is a prospective clinical non-randomized trial.

However, this was in the context of a non-randomized trial, and for pT1N0 HER2+ BC it remains unclear whether HER2 monotherapy would provide similar clinical outcomes to chemo-HER2 therapy.

Recently, an open-labeled non-randomized trial using CAM for treating COVID-19 (ACHIEVE) was initiated in Greece in May, 2020.

Methods: We analyzed data from 63 patients (32 in the general anesthesia group and 31 in the hypnosis sedation group) who were included in 1 prospective non-randomized trial evaluating hypnosis sedation in breast cancer treatment.

MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register were searched from 2014 to July 16, 2020 to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCT studies (observational studies or non-randomized trials).

We included Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and controlled non-randomized trials (CNRT), that assessed the efficacy of CP to treat hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

We will include randomized and non-randomized trials, quasi-experimental studies, observational studies (e.

In the recent literature, the economic profile of the TYRX™ absorbable antibacterial envelope was analysed taking into account both randomized and non-randomized trial data.

Of 560 unique articles identified, 10 were included for data extraction (three observational studies, 1 randomized controlled trial [with two articles] and five non-randomized trials).

The ICE3 trial is a prospective, multi-center, single-arm, non-randomized trial including women age 60 years or older with unifocal, ultrasound-visible invasive ductal carcinoma size 1.

Simple retro-prospective blind non-randomized trial in two separate medical centers of Dnipro enrolled 122 premature neonates with the gestational age of 28–32 weeks from 2016 till 2020.

Limited evidence from human non-randomized trials point to a sub-optimal delivery of iron through skin patches, although no MNs were used in those trials.

Methods: This study is a non-randomized trial.

Randomized and non-randomized trials were all included.

In a prospective, non-randomized trial, 222 hips across seven centers received the same THA system of a tapered wedge stem and novel additively manufactured titanium porous clusterhole acetabular shell in primary THA.

We conducted a prospective non-randomized trial on patients with small AAA (N = 40; mean age 75.

Fourteen studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), other three studies were non-randomized trials and a longitudinal observational study.

This is especially true in clinical fields such as cardiogenic shock where a high level of selection and reporting bias in non-randomized trials is likely.

Methods A systematic review of the literature including published randomized, controlled trials, non-randomized trials and comparative trials of any type, reporting outcomes of LC in the management of chronic right upper quadrant pain in patients with biliary dyskinesia, using the principles of meta-analysis on RevMan 5.

Forty-three participants were enrolled from two military installations and received either the videoconference-adapted or an in-person GLB program in a non-randomized trial design.

The non-randomized trial, conducted in tuberculosis clinics in Sudan, yielded an extremely high Bayes Factor (>1000), supporting the hypothesis of effectiveness; however, the study was judged to have a high risk of bias.

Eculizumab was approved by the FDA and EMA as a specific treatment for aHUS in 2011 [26, 27], after the success of four industrysponsored prospective non-randomized trials including 100 patients (78 adults and 22 children), which demonstrated hematologic remission with normalization of platelet count within 7–8 days; lactate dehydrogenase level (LDH) after 14– 54 days; and more importantly, a mean estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) rate recovery of 64 mL/min/1.

HbA1c reductions were larger in non-randomized trials, trials with a shorter treatment period, or trials with a lower proportion of male subjects.

ResultsWe identified six new studies that met the inclusion criteria: four randomized controlled trials and two non-randomized trials.

Methods In this prospective, non-randomized trial, a total of 38 patients were recruited.