Introduction to Nanofiltration Membranes

A new seawater laboratory pilot has been installed in order to evaluate the impact of the seawater quality on the performance of nanofiltration membranes and filters.

This study reviews the application of carbon nitride in gas separation membranes, pervaporation membranes, nanofiltration membranes, reverse osmosis membranes, ion exchange membranes and catalytic membranes, along with describing the separation mechanisms.

pH shift induced Aqueous phase separation (APS) is a novel and more sustainable water-based approach to create microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration membranes.

During operations, only an ultrafiltration membrane, a nanofiltration membrane, and combined ultrafiltration + nanofiltration membranes were put to use.

The influence of representative typical pollutants in the zero-discharge process of coal chemical high-salty wastewater on the fouling behavior of nanofiltration membranes was studied.

Nanofiltration membranes performed well and rejections of 70–93% were observed for synthetic solutions and up to 100% for real groundwater samples.

Cellulose acetate (CA) as polymer, glycerol derivatives (namely triacetin, diacetin, monoacetin or glycerol-formal) as solvents and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MeTHF) as co-solvent were selected as bio-based ingredients for the preparation of full-bio-based nanofiltration membranes via non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS).

Herein, we propose a new strategy for preparing polyamide (PA) nanofiltration membranes with high solute-solute selectivity via a pre-diffusion interfacial polymerization (PDIP) process.

To solve seawater desalination problems and to minimize their effects on productivity and water cost of conventional plants, nanofiltration membranes have recently been employed.

It is proposed to use the separation of the concentrates to solutions containing their components depending on the value of their rejection using nanofiltration membranes.

To develop such technology composition of spent brine solution from Na-cation exchanger was investigated and conditioning of such solution with use of nanofiltration membranes of different types under different temperatures, pressures and recovery values was tested.

The development of nanofiltration membranes with hollow fiber geometry is a relatively young field of research in membrane science with only limited, but quickly growing, availability on a commercial scale.

In this study, we evaluate the capability of the XGBoost model to predict micropollutant removal efficiencies of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes.

The aim of this research is to investigate the removal behavior of iron and manganese that naturally exist as divalent ions in groundwater by using nanofiltration membranes.

The deepening crisis of freshwater resources has been driving the further development of new types of membrane-based desalination technologies represented by nanofiltration membranes.

), acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment methods such as: passive treatment method, sequential neutralization, ion exchange, adsorption process based on low cost adsorbents, adsorption process based on natural zeolits, electrodialysis, filtration with nanofiltration membranes, and reverse osmosis, were evaluated by the following MCDM methods: TOPSIS, VIKOR, MOOSRA, WASPAS, and CoCoSo.

Nanofiltration membranes have been used to this purpose since 1987, when FilmTec™ SR90-400 elements were installed in an offshore platform in the North Sea.

As a result, GO functionalization will deliver a promising method to construct graphene based nanofiltration membranes with effectual reinforced permeation and dye selectivity.

Herein, we have successfully constructed a kind of graphene-based (reduced graphene oxide, rGO) nanofiltration membranes by adopting a plasma-assisted in-situ photocatalytic reduction method.

The successful synthesis of poly(aryl cyanurate) nanofiltration membranes via the interfacial polymerization reaction between cyanuric chloride and 1,1,1-tris(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane (TPE), atop a polyethersulfone ultrafiltration support, is demonstrated.

Nanofiltration membranes (NF) are a well-recognized membrane technology used for various applications.

In view of the lack of uniform conditions, uniform standards and mixed enterprise standards, this paper studies the self-made rapid membrane testing machine for the determination of pure water permeability and retention of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes, and compares the data with other testing institutions.

Nanofiltration membranes show great potential in water treatment and resource recovery for their special separation mechanisms that can separate the small molecules effectively.

Sugar-based nanofiltration membranes were successfully developed through a facile interfacial polymerization reaction.

Herein, we investigate if polyelectrolyte complexation-induced APS ultrafiltration membranes can be the basis for different types of nanofiltration membranes.

For the first and second stages, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes were prepared by phase inversion method using polyethersulfone as polymer, and triethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol as additives.

However, it remains a great challenge for current nanofiltration membranes (NFMs) to improve the permeability while maintaining the high rejection for divalent (or multivalent) ions.

This study aims to investigate the performance of nanofiltration membranes in the post-treatment of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in textile finishing wastewaters.

Among the nanofiltration membranes prepared from chitosan, CTS/TGIC-NF membranes prepared in the current work exhibited superior permeability and mechanical strength to the membranes shown in literature, indicating that our membranes can be used to reduce water hardness and produce portable water.

Nanofiltration membranes are prepared using significantly lower concentrations of acid: 0.

), acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment methods such as: passive treatment method, sequential neutralization, ion exchange, adsorption process based on low cost adsorbents, adsorption process based on natural zeolits, electrodialysis, filtration with nanofiltration membranes, and reverse osmosis, were evaluated by following MCDM methods: TOPSIS, VIKOR, MOOSRA; WASPAS, and CoCoSo.

The anchored ultrafine nanoparticles could inhibit the wrinkling of the rGO nanosheet, forming highly stable colloidal solutions for solution-processing fabrication of nanofiltration membranes.

The introduction of GO could reduce defects, resulting in formation of smooth and defect-free reverse osmosis/nanofiltration membranes with significantly increased NaCl and antibiotic rejection.

In recent years, several molecularly designed framework systems such as metal–organic framework (MOFs), covalent organic framework (COF), two-dimensional (2D) materials such as MXene, typical natural polyphenols like tannic acid, dopamine, and carbon nanomaterials like graphene oxide (GO) have been employed in the fabrication process of nanofiltration membranes for developing the presentation and overcome the drawbacks of conventional ones.

This work provided new ideas for the application of nanofiltration membranes and the treatment of lignin lye.

ABSTRACT In this study, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) assisted chitosan (Cs) was utilized to surface modification of poly(ether sulphone) (PES) nanofiltration membranes.

In this work, for the first time, salts of bivalent and trivalent metals were used as crosslinking agents for nanofiltration membranes based on sodium alginate.

This study delivered the proof of concept for the novel process of electrosorptive UF with energy consumption between microfiltration and ultrafiltration but NOM removal rates of nanofiltration membranes.

Copper ion removal with nanofiltration membranes has accelerated in recent years.

In the first part of this study, the efficiency of two commercial membranes, Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration membranes (Dow-FilmTec) is experimentally compared and assessed for nitrate removal by using real brackish water, containing 850-1100 mg/l of total dissolved solids (TDS) and 119-130 mg/l of nitrate.

Chitosan functionalized (CoFe2O4−CuO) composite nanoparticles were synthesized and then used in fabrication of PES-based nanofiltration membranes.

While polyamide reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes have been extensively utilized in water purification and desalination processes, the molecular details governing water and solute permeation in these membranes are not fully understood.

Nanofiltration membranes were limited in removing nitrosamines, particularly N-nitrosodimethylamine, which is hydrophilic.

Importantly, enabling a pulsatile flow during the synthesis, the CANPs are embedded as nanofiltration membranes inside the microfluidic channel.

A sub-5 nm thick polyamide nanofilm composite membrane establishes the global upper-bound of the permeance–selectivity trade-off for the nanofiltration membranes.

A nanofiltration performance with water permeance of 190 LMH/bar and molecular weight cutoff of 269 Da is achieved, surpassing previously reported results obtained using MXene-based nanofiltration membranes.

Loose poly(vinylidene difluoride) nanofiltration membranes were crosslinked using a one-pot reaction with para-xylenediamine in alkaline conditions.

Nanofiltration membranes have limited ion-ion selectivity in water treatment applications, especially when separating ions with similar size and charge.

Furthermore, compared to osmotically mediated RO technologies that require bilateral countercurrent stages to treat hypersaline brines, LSRRO is eminently more practical as it can be readily implemented by using 'loose' RO or nanofiltration membranes in conventional RO.

The transport-separation properties of nanofiltration membranes were assessed.

3 CO2/N2 ideal selectivity (lower than Knudsen diffusion expectations); (ii) salt water permeance (∼5 LMH/bar) with NaCl rejection 20–40%, on the order of nanofiltration membranes, as well as, (iii) high electronic surface conductivity, with a sheet resistance as low as ∼18 Ω/sq.

The need for nanofiltration membranes with tailored selectivity and reduced fouling propensity has led to the development of a multitude of processes that incorporate targeted functionality on membrane surfaces.

Nanofiltration membranes with superior separation performance are highly desired for water treatment such as desalination.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are highly modular, porous, crystalline polymers of interest for charge storage devices, nanofiltration membranes, optoelectronic devices, and more.

Nanofiltration membranes (NFMs) with a high water permeation flux and salt rejection are extremely desirable due to their low energy consumption and superior separation efficiency in practical applications.

In this study, polyethersulfone based nanofiltration membranes were modified by air plasma generated through dielectric barrier discharge to increase the membrane hydrophilicity aiming to improve the separation and antifouling characteristics.

, biofouling) of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes is difficult to control by existing cleaning procedures.

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified with triethylenetetramine (TETA) as an organic nanofiller was used in fabrication of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nanofiltration membranes.

Such excellent performances were much better than those of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes.

ABSTRACT The simultaneous separation of various metal ions (nickel, copper, calcium, and iron) from chelating agents (EDTA and citric acid) in water streams using Nanofiltration membranes is analyzed.