Introduction to Filtration Membranes

Importantly, of all state-of-the-art nanofiltration membranes, this is the most permeable membrane with a satisfactory level of the rejection rate for multivalent ions.

A new seawater laboratory pilot has been installed in order to evaluate the impact of the seawater quality on the performance of nanofiltration membranes and filters.

In order to select a suitable ultrafiltration membrane to treat sweet potato starch wastewater, five different ultrafiltration membranes, including three ceramic membrane (N50, N100 and N200) and two organic membrane (PVDF and PES), were selected to study their effects on three kinds of wastewater from the production process of sweet potato starch.

The nanofibers and nanofibrous structures are desirable as delivery vehicles for the controlled release of therapeutic agents, tissue engineering scaffolds, biosensors, filtration membranes, etc.

The BP/CS blend ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by phase transformation of the blend solutions.

During the production of WPC, performed in ultrafiltration membranes, the subproduct cheese whey permeate (CWP) is generated, which is rich in nutrients, such as lactose, minerals, and vitamins.

This review describes the modification of membranes with various nanomaterials such as inorganic and modified carbon which can be used for pollution control and enhance the anti-fouling properties of ultrafiltration membranes.

However, it is challenging to obtain high-performance PVDF microfiltration membranes due to severe surface fouling and rapid decline of permeability.

In this regard, three commercial nanofiltration membranes (NP010, NP030, and NF90) were used for the experiments carried out at 6-12 bar operating pressure regarding the response surface methodology.

Unlike previous utilization of ultrafiltration membranes as supporters of graphene oxide (GO) composite membranes, this study first adopts microporous nylon membranes as substrates.

Graphene quantum dots are zero-dimensional nanoparticles that are used widely in advanced composite materials such as filtration membranes, adsorbent materials, optical devices, biomedical applications (especially biosensors), flame retardancy, and automotive, aerospace, agricultural and environmental applications.

Loose nanofiltration membranes with a remarkable water permeability are highly promising for the fractionation of dyes and salts in the treatment of textile wastewater.

Graphene oxide (GO) has been considered as a promising material to develop advanced nanofiltration membranes to resolve the current worldwide water scarcity issue, benefiting from its extraordinary physicochemical properties.

Selective swelling of block copolymers has emerged as an efficient strategy to prepare ultrafiltration membranes with well-defined porosities.

Functionalized carbon nanomaterials are considered to be an efficient modifier for ultrafiltration membranes with enhanced performance.

A series of highly performing ultrafiltration membranes have been recently developed, but it is still a withstanding challenge that the ultrafiltration membrane can retain both high flux and high retention ratio without sacrificing the cycle life.

This study reviews the application of carbon nitride in gas separation membranes, pervaporation membranes, nanofiltration membranes, reverse osmosis membranes, ion exchange membranes and catalytic membranes, along with describing the separation mechanisms.

pH shift induced Aqueous phase separation (APS) is a novel and more sustainable water-based approach to create microfiltration, ultrafiltration, and nanofiltration membranes.

Hybrid membrane processes such as inline dosing of powdered activated carbon (PAC) prior to ultrafiltration membranes (UF) have already shown promising potential for the abatement of trace organic chemicals (TOrCs).

The EPS content of the isolates was affected by the microfiltration/ultrafiltration membranes used for cell removal/dialysis, respectively, and was 89% at maximum.

During operations, only an ultrafiltration membrane, a nanofiltration membrane, and combined ultrafiltration + nanofiltration membranes were put to use.

The influence of hydrothermal pretreatment of organosolv HH from beechwood pulping on the separation of xylose by four nanofiltration membranes was investigated.

Herein, novel loose nanofiltration membranes were fabricated by the assembly of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and phosphorylated PEI (PEI-PO3Na) coupled with glutaraldehyde crosslinking.

The influence of representative typical pollutants in the zero-discharge process of coal chemical high-salty wastewater on the fouling behavior of nanofiltration membranes was studied.

Tremendous efforts have contributed to the development of G/polymer and GO/polymer composite oil clean-up sorbents and filtration membranes in 3D structural forms such as aerogels, foams, sponges and membranes.

Microfiltration membranes were of no use in this separation.

An adsorption method for immobilizing the components of various natures on the surface of ultrafiltration membranes based on aromatic copolyamide containing 5 and 10 mol % units with sulfonate groups [PA-5(–) and PA-10(–)] was invetigated.

Here, we report the fabrication of nanofibrous air-filtration membranes of intrinsically microporous polyimide with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs).

ODA-h-NCs were then incorporated into poly(piperazine-amide) (PA) active layer to fabricate thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) nanofiltration membranes.

This study investigates the modification of commercial cellulose acetate microfiltration membranes by supercritical solvent impregnation with thymol to provide them with antibacterial properties.

It was observed that isotropic microporous microfiltration membranes are not effective for rejecting PENs, due to their large uniform pore size distribution.

These results broaden the application scope of microfiltration membranes in water treatment process.

Polyelectrolyte multilayer nanofiltration membranes (PEMMs) achieve tailor-made rejection and selectivity of ions for water treatment applications through a layer-by-layer coating procedure, in which a charged support membrane surface is sequentially contacted with positively and negatively charged polyelectrolytes.

Herein, we propose a new strategy for preparing polyamide (PA) nanofiltration membranes with high solute-solute selectivity via a pre-diffusion interfacial polymerization (PDIP) process.

Four types of hollow fiber nanofiltration membranes were fabricated and tested during pilot scale treatment of surface water taken from Istanbul Omerli Lake Reservoir.

Antiviral ultrafiltration membranes (UF) were successfully fabricated using amphiphilic polyvinylchloride-co-acrylic acid) (PVC-AA), which were incorporated with organometallic compound manganese acetylacetonate Mn(acac)3.

Our work is of great significance for the practical application of high-efficiency nanofiltration membranes under pressure gradients.

Having uniform nanoscale pore size, isoporous nanofiltration and ultrafiltration membranes have attracted wide research interest.

Our technique for tuning the membrane microstructure opens opportunities for developing next-generation nanofiltration membranes.

Therefore, findings in this work provide an effective antifouling modification strategy for microfiltration membranes and hold great potential for developing antifouling membranes for water treatment.

The first group deals with electrocoagulation and electrooxidation as pretreatment of membrane separation, in most cases aimed at reducing membrane fouling and decay of permeate flux of porous ultrafiltration membranes.

Particle sizes of the dispersed phase in a 1% oil emulsion are distributed in the range from 229 to 1476 nm, after separation of the emulsion by a dynamic membrane, oil particles with sizes from 134 to 236 nm were detected in the filtrate, which indicates the removal of the bulk of the dispersed phase from the emulsion by ultrafiltration membranes.

Permeate flux and bioactive compound retention were evaluated during crossflow filtration with α-alumina (MF-alumina) and polyetherimide (MF-PEI) microfiltration membranes and a polyethersulfone (UF-PES) ultrafiltration membrane.

Ultrafiltration membranes are usually used to remove organic pollutants.

Prior work has shown that LIG can be photothermally formed on the surface of a polymeric substrate; this method is rapid and scalable and has previously been applied for aqueous ultrafiltration membranes on polysulfone, polyethersulfone, and polyphenylsulfone substrates.

A new method is proposed to increase rejection in microfiltration by applying membrane oscillation using a new type of microfiltration membranes with slotted pores.

Herein, by the in situ formation of newly discovered trimethylamine N-oxide-derived zwitterionic polymers (PTMAO) on the surface of nanoporous block copolymers, we obtain ultrafiltration membranes exhibiting superior fouling resistance.

We found that functionalization of ultrafiltration membranes with aptamers provides a convenient scaffold for toxin sequestration, but our initial efforts in this area were limited by low functionalization efficiencies and the ability to only capture a single target molecule.

Newly generated microfiltration membranes with slotted pores were used in the experiments.

55 membranes exhibited excellent antifouling properties against bovine serum albumin (BSA), indicating that exposure to proteins does not heavily affect the performance of P(DA-SBMA)-embedded nanofiltration membranes.

Selective swelling of block copolymers of polysulfone-b-poly(ethylene glycol) is an emerging strategy to prepare new types of polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes.

We have demonstrated that electrospun nanofiber layers improve the flux performance of ultrafiltration membranes.

Thus, this study provides a promising method for preparing laminated GO nanofiltration membranes for dye wastewater treatment.

Prepared ceramic TFC membranes showed outstanding separation performance, which was 2–8 times higher water flux at the same MWCO, compared to commercial multilayered ceramic ultrafiltration membranes.

18, which far exceeds that of commercial and other reported nanofiltration membranes.

This study investigated the precursors of THMs and HAAs in filter backwash water (FBW) and sedimentation sludge water (SSW) by the methods of ultrafiltration membranes, synthetic resins and excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectra.

Ultrafiltration membranes, that respond to an external magnetic field and local temperature have been developed.

Ultrathin TiO2 microfiltration membranes with thicknesses in the range of 1−7 μm were prepared by coating TiO2 suspensions on purposely designed holey Al2O3 substrates.

In the present work, we carried out a case study evaluating the performance of two nanofiltration membranes in the removal of Atenolol (ATN)—a pharmaceutical compound widely used for the treatment of arterial hypertension—under different conditions such as operating pressure, ATN concentration, and solution pH.

In this study, a series of novel thermo-responsive membranes were fabricated through immobilization of thermo-responsive microgels into commercial microfiltration membranes via dynamic adsorption.

To solve seawater desalination problems and to minimize their effects on productivity and water cost of conventional plants, nanofiltration membranes have recently been employed.

To reveal the effect mechanism of preozonation in casein fouling of ultrafiltration membranes, we explored the changes in casein's interfacial forces at the membrane surface, fouling layer structures, and its properties after pre-ozonation.

Research objective is to compare the characteristics of ultrafiltration membranes and select the membranes that provide optimal value of purification and concentration of poliovirus type 1 (Sabin strain).

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) of 180 nm length and 8 nm diameter were deposited on porous supports by tangential flow filtration followed by salt permeation to form ultrafiltration membranes.

Our simulation results may help to improve the design of GO nanofiltration membranes for water treatment.

It is proposed to use the separation of the concentrates to solutions containing their components depending on the value of their rejection using nanofiltration membranes.

Overall, the results showed that very hydrophilic ultrafiltration membranes having attractive permeability and retention properties can be made from textile waste.

We have developed a new integrated rapid membrane inspection machine (MIM) to test the performances of nanofiltration or ultrafiltration membranes by measuring Silt Density Index (SDI) value (i.

To develop such technology composition of spent brine solution from Na-cation exchanger was investigated and conditioning of such solution with use of nanofiltration membranes of different types under different temperatures, pressures and recovery values was tested.

Traditional nanofiltration membranes (NFMs) formed by interfacial polymerization (IP) present relatively low water permeance due to the limitation of polymer-based supports.

The development of nanofiltration membranes with hollow fiber geometry is a relatively young field of research in membrane science with only limited, but quickly growing, availability on a commercial scale.

A 32-nm-diameter sulfonic nanohydrogel Poly(SPP-co-MA-co-FLUORAL-P), developed by the polymerization technique in an aqueous medium, was grafted onto the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) microfiltration membranes.

A Self-cleaning surface can efficaciously solve the problem of irreversible contamination buildup on filtration membranes.

In this study, we evaluate the capability of the XGBoost model to predict micropollutant removal efficiencies of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes.