Introduction to Dose Rate Brachytherapy

What is/are Dose Rate Brachytherapy?

Dose Rate Brachytherapy - Objective To investigate the efficacy and feasibility of 192Ir high-dose rate brachytherapy for recurrent intrapulmonary oligometastasis after colorectal cancer surgery. ^[1] The results suggest feasibility of using 169Yb source for high-dose rate brachytherapy and development of the personalized medicine approaches. ^[2] High- and low-energy photon or electron beam radiation from linear accelerators, orthovoltage machines, and high-dose rate brachytherapy delivery were used. ^[3] After lumpectomy, APBrI was performed using either low-dose (30–55 Gy reference isodose) or high-dose rate brachytherapy (28–34 Gy). ^[4] PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical outcomes of a very-accelerated partial breast irradiation (vAPBI) in the elderly based on a single fraction of multicatheter interstitial high-dose rate brachytherapy (MIB). ^[5] Purpose: The aim of this study was the evaluation of induced DNA damages of human prostate cancer cells, DU-145, treated with a combination of radiofrequency capacitive hyperthermia (HT) and teletherapy (EBRT) compared to a combination of teletherapy with high-dose rate brachytherapy (BR). ^[6] Lately more and more attention has been paid to the high-dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) as a way of achieving local tumor control. ^[7] 2%) were treated with exclusive high-dose rate brachytherapy. ^[8] These data support the establishment of clinical trials testing ATM inhibitors in combination with highly conformal radiotherapy or high-dose rate brachytherapy. ^[9] Patients received rotational IMRT +/- neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and/or concurrent chemotherapy (45–50 Gy/25#/5 weeks) followed by high-dose rate brachytherapy. ^[10] There are significant disadvantages to the low-dose rate brachytherapy approach, and recently, a technique using high-dose rate brachytherapy has been described with a reported success rate of 100% for periocular sarcoid treatment. ^[11] All patients received conventional external beam irradiation and high-dose rate brachytherapy, and concurrent cisplatin-based chemotherapy. ^[12] Objectives The aim of the study was to investigate retrospectively the prognostic impact of variables such as sex, neuter status, breed, age, number of lesions, location and size of the tumour, tumour extension beyond the nasal planum, ulceration and lymph node status, among others, in a population of cats treated with high-dose rate brachytherapy. ^[13]

external beam radiotherapy

Patients were treated with high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT); low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT); or external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT), including conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT), moderate-hypofractionated radiotherapy (MHRT), and ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy (UHRT). ^[1] Background and purpose To analyse the cumulative incidence of any failure (AF), prostate cancer-specific failure (PCSF), any death (AD), prostate cancer-specific death (PCSD), and local control in 2387 men with prostate cancer (PC), consecutively treated with combined high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDRBT) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) from 1998 to 2010. ^[2] We report a case of postoperative local recurrence of castration-resistant prostate cancer with multiple bulky bladder invasions treated using external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) followed by a high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost. ^[3] PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Both high-dose-rate brachytherapy as monotherapy (HDR-M) as well as combined with external beam radiotherapy as a boost (HDR-B) are acceptable treatment approaches for intermediate risk prostate cancer, but data directly comparing relative outcomes of these two approaches for unfavorable intermediate risk (UIR) patients is lacking. ^[4] This study evaluated the long-term treatment outcomes and toxicity in patients with clinically locally advanced and/or lymph node (LN)-positive PC who underwent high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). ^[5] Objective : to investigate the effect of increasing a single focal dose in high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) in combination with external beam radiotherapy on biochemical failure-free survival and local control in patients with high-risk PCa. ^[6] To estimate the survival effects of contemporary external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) boost modalities (intensity-modulated radiation therapy or volumetric modulated arc therapy) and high dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost in patients with cervical cancer (CC). ^[7] PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) High-quality data comparing radical prostatectomy (RP) and external beam radiotherapy plus low dose-rate brachytherapy boost (EBRT-LDR) are lacking. ^[8] OBJECTIVES Our study evaluates the impact of adjuvant treatment with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) combined with vaginal high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR BT) on health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with early-stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. ^[9] Patients received external beam radiotherapy and 4-fraction intracavitary/interstitial high-dose-rate brachytherapy using tandem and ovoids. ^[10] Palliative therapies (chemotherapy, external beam radiotherapy and high dose rate brachytherapy) were done in some patients, and outcomes were evaluated. ^[11] To examine the long‐term outcomes of high dose rate brachytherapy boost (HDR‐BT) combined with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for intermediate and high‐risk prostate cancer patients. ^[12] Objectives : This study investigated the clinical outcome of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy followed by high dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT, called NEH) with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients in our institution. ^[13] Patients were received external beam radiotherapy palliative dose 30 Gy in 10 fractions for 2 weeks followed by intraluminal high-dose rate brachytherapy 6 Gy per fraction per week for 2 weeks. ^[14] In addition to external beam radiotherapy, high dose rate brachytherapy represents another possibility in this indication, especially for locally advanced inoperable anal and rectal cancer. ^[15] Conformal high-dose rate brachytherapy is an alternative means of precise dose escalation that offers similar tumoricidal effects as 3-dimensional (3D) conformal external beam radiotherapy with potential additional advantages. ^[16] Patients received either dose-escalated external beam radiotherapy (n=628, EBRT) or combined-modality radiotherapy (n=447, pelvic RT and low-dose rate brachytherapy boost, CMRT). ^[17] BACKGROUND To analyze toxicity, patterns of failure, and survival in 106 adult patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the extremity and the superficial trunk treated in a prospective controlled trial of combined Perioperative High Dose Rate Brachytherapy (PHDRB) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). ^[18] Introduction/Background Low-dose rate brachytherapy has some radiobiological advantages compared to external beam radiotherapy: subletal damages repair during irradiation leading to a relative protection of healthy tissues; no Tumor cell repopulation, cell cycle redistribution and a low oxygen enhancement ratio. ^[19]

localized prostate cancer

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:There is currently insufficient evidence on the appropriate surveillance duration after low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR) with iodine-125 for localized prostate cancer (P. ^[1] To examine the efficacy of dose escalating radiotherapy into patients with cT3b or T4 localized prostate cancer, we compared Group A (86 conventional dose external beam radiotherapy: EBRT group, treated with 70–72 Gy) and group B (39 high dose EBRT group (HDEBRT group, 74–80 Gy) and 124 high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR) + EBRT (HDR boost)) using multi-institutional retrospective data. ^[2] To compare the outcomes of localized prostate cancer treatment with high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) and low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT), we examined 924 patients treated with HDR-BT + external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and 500 patients treated with LDR-BT ± EBRT using multi-institutional retrospective data. ^[3] Lower urinary tract symptoms often occur after low-dose-rate brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer. ^[4] Previous studies have demonstrated excellent overall outcomes in patients who underwent low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) in intermediate-risk, localized prostate cancer (PCa). ^[5]

risk prostate cancer

CONCLUSIONS Low dose-rate brachytherapy remains a standard monotherapy treatment in the setting of favorable-risk prostate cancer. ^[1] A decline in the use of low dose rate brachytherapy has likewise been described in the treatment of low-risk and favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancers. ^[2] High risk prostate cancer is treated with a combination of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and high dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT). ^[3] INTRODUCTION This is a retrospective study conducted to report the tumor control and late toxicity outcomes of patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer undergoing combination external beam radiation therapy and low dose rate brachytherapy (LDR-PB). ^[4]

external beam radiation

Objective To report the long-term clinical outcomes of low-risk (LR) and intermediate-risk (IR) prostate cancer patients treated with low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). ^[1] BACKGROUND High-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR BRT) has been enjoying rapid acceptance as a treatment modality offered to selected prostate cancer patients devoid of risk group, employed either in monotherapy setting or combined with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and is currently one of the most active clinical research areas. ^[2] We aimed to compare the outcomes of high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) boost and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) alone for high-risk prostate cancer. ^[3] Purpose The purpose of this investigation was to examine differences in estimates of accumulated rectal dose when using deformable image registration (DIR) compared with rigid image registration (RIR) methods, and parameter addition methods for combined transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-based high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) treatments of prostate cancer. ^[4]

high dose rate

Among those centres, 32 performed iodine 125 low-dose rate brachytherapy as monotherapy, 19 provided brachytherapy boost (eight centres low-dose rate 125I; seven centres high-dose rate; four centres both). ^[1] It was previously shown that high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy and low-dose rate brachytherapy have similar survival rates in cervical cancer. ^[2] We report on the efficacy and adverse effects of the currently available local salvage modalities including salvage radical prostatectomy, high dose rate and low dose rate brachytherapy, cryotherapy, high intensity focused ultrasound, and stereotactic body RT. ^[3]

volumetric modulated arc

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of rectal toxicity and to identify the associated dosimetric predictive parameters after I-125 seed low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) combined with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and dose constraints. ^[1] This study compares the plan quality of high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for superficial irradiation of large areas of skin with significant curvature in one or more planes. ^[2] A dosimetric study was undertaken to assess the ability of Cyberknife (CK), Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT), and TomoTherapy (Tomo) to generate treatment plans that mimic the dosimetry of high dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR BT) for prostate cancer. ^[3]

intermediate risk prostate

PURPOSE To examine medium-term outcomes of hemi-gland low-dose-rate brachytherapy as a primary treatment for intermediate-risk prostate cancer. ^[1] PURPOSE To compare the biochemical control rates (BCRs), late gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicities in patients with low- and intermediate risk prostate cancer (PCa) treated with high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR BT) of 19Gy/1 fraction, 26Gy/2 fractions, or stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) of 36. ^[2]

intensity modulated radiation

Results: Among the six radiation treatment modalities, including conventionally fractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), hypofractionated IMRT, IMRT combined with high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy, HDR brachytherapy monotherapy, low-dose-rate brachytherapy monotherapy, and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), SBRT was found to be more cost-effective when compared with LDR-b and other treatment modalities, resulting in an incremental cost–utility ratio of $2985 per QALY. ^[1]

High Dose Rate Brachytherapy

We developed a fast and fully-automated, multi-criteria treatment planning workflow for high dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT). ^[1] Palliative therapies (chemotherapy, external beam radiotherapy and high dose rate brachytherapy) were done in some patients, and outcomes were evaluated. ^[2] To examine the long‐term outcomes of high dose rate brachytherapy boost (HDR‐BT) combined with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for intermediate and high‐risk prostate cancer patients. ^[3] Purpose: To perform dosimetric comparison of interstitial high dose rate brachytherapy (HDRB) and electron boost to the tumor bed after breast conserving therapy. ^[4] Objectives : This study investigated the clinical outcome of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy followed by high dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT, called NEH) with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients in our institution. ^[5] Objective: at the primary analysis of prostate cancer treatment referring to the patients who have experienced high dose rate brachytherapy after a confirmed locally recurrent tumor having been treated with diverse treatment modes. ^[6] The aim of this study is to design and fabricate a local anatomical water phantom for dose distribution measurements during high dose rate brachytherapy of the cervix. ^[7] Conclusions A high dose rate brachytherapy fractionation schedule of 6. ^[8] An allograft mesh spacer was placed laparoscopically before repeat, high dose rate brachytherapy to protect nearby structures. ^[9] In addition to external beam radiotherapy, high dose rate brachytherapy represents another possibility in this indication, especially for locally advanced inoperable anal and rectal cancer. ^[10] , San Jose, CA, USA) electronic and interstitial brachytherapy versus interstitial high dose rate brachytherapy (HDRBT). ^[11] PURPOSE High dose rate brachytherapy applies intense and destructive radiation. ^[12] High risk prostate cancer is treated with a combination of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and high dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT). ^[13] 22Background: We characterised the immune response in human prostate cancer (PC) to high dose rate brachytherapy (HDRBT) using serial pre- and post-HDRBT biopsies. ^[14] HIPO implemented in Oncentra© Prostate treatment planning system, is used for three-dimensional (3D)-ultrasound-based intraoperative treatment planning in high dose rate brachytherapy. ^[15] 4-45 Gy external beam radiation therapy followed by high dose rate brachytherapy concomitant with up to six weekly doses of cisplatin 40 mg/m2 and were followed for 12 months. ^[16] Assessment of dose received by OAR’s therefore becomes crucial for the estimation of radiation toxicities in high dose rate brachytherapy. ^[17] PURPOSE Intensity modulated brachytherapy (IMBT) is a novel high dose rate brachytherapy (HDR BT) technique which incorporates static or dynamic shielding to increase tumor coverage and/or spare healthy tissues. ^[18] BACKGROUND To analyze toxicity, patterns of failure, and survival in 106 adult patients with soft tissue sarcomas of the extremity and the superficial trunk treated in a prospective controlled trial of combined Perioperative High Dose Rate Brachytherapy (PHDRB) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). ^[19] OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of a medetomidine constant rate infusion (CRI) with a detomidine CRI for standing sedation in horses undergoing high dose rate brachytherapy. ^[20] Aim The aim of this study is to analyse the dosimetry to the pelvic lymph nodes and its correlation to point B using CT based high dose rate brachytherapy of carcinoma cervix. ^[21] High dose rate brachytherapy was introduced after 30Gy of EBRT. ^[22]

Low Dose Rate Brachytherapy

A decline in the use of low dose rate brachytherapy has likewise been described in the treatment of low-risk and favorable intermediate-risk prostate cancers. ^[1] We present a rare case of perineal recurrence of prostate cancer post low dose rate brachytherapy. ^[2] INTRODUCTION This is a retrospective study conducted to report the tumor control and late toxicity outcomes of patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer undergoing combination external beam radiation therapy and low dose rate brachytherapy (LDR-PB). ^[3] INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is a common adverse event in the acute phase after low dose rate brachytherapy (LDR) for prostate cancer. ^[4] For low dose rate brachytherapy(LDR) especially permanent implant, all the 4Rs should be included in LQ for BED calculation. ^[5] We report on the efficacy and adverse effects of the currently available local salvage modalities including salvage radical prostatectomy, high dose rate and low dose rate brachytherapy, cryotherapy, high intensity focused ultrasound, and stereotactic body RT. ^[6] Use of iodine-125 seeds for intraoperative planning and delivery of low dose rate brachytherapy treatments for prostate cancer requires that the air kerma strength of the seeds be checked against the vendor-supplied calibration certificate at the beginning of the surgical procedure. ^[7] Langley S, Ahmed HU, Qaisieh Al B et al: Report of a consensus meeting on focal low dose rate brachytherapy for prostate cancer. ^[8]

dose rate brachytherapy boost

To examine the long‐term outcomes of high dose rate brachytherapy boost (HDR‐BT) combined with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for intermediate and high‐risk prostate cancer patients. ^[1] Patients received either dose-escalated external beam radiotherapy (n=628, EBRT) or combined-modality radiotherapy (n=447, pelvic RT and low-dose rate brachytherapy boost, CMRT). ^[2]