Introduction to Conversion Catalyst

What is/are Conversion Catalyst?

Conversion Catalyst - The clear understandings of reaction pathway and plasmonic enhancement mechanism are helpful for the future design of photo-thermal CO2 conversion catalysts. ^[1] Among all the competing polysulfides conversion catalysts, MoS2 is considered as the one of the strongest competitors. ^[2] Cryogenic hydrogen liquefaction plants have a uniquely designed plate fin heat exchanger (PFHE) in which the fin channels are filled with an ortho-para hydrogen conversion catalyst (O-P catalyst). ^[3] Converting electronic wastes into high-efficiency energy conversion catalysts is a win-win strategy in addressing the metal resources shortage and sustainable energy challenges. ^[4] In the meantime, lanthanide ions (with 3+ oxidation state) implies as conversion catalyst gained huge impact and remain a serious topic in materials chemistry. ^[5] These materials were used as supports for platinum to produce bifunctional hydroconversion catalysts. ^[6] These results indicate that the Fe and the Co nanoclusters as well as the Ni may lead to the over-oxidation of methane, whereas the Zn nanoclusters cannot activate methane in the first place; therefore, their application to direct methane conversion catalysts is unlikely. ^[7] In addition, since naphtha conversion catalysts act at 320-450 °C and at this temperature isomerization is not appropriately done, the catalyst did not show good activity in isomerization of light alkanes. ^[8] A methanol conversion catalyst based on natural aluminosilicate nanotubes and H–ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized. ^[9] An advanced energy conversion catalyst comprising pristine carbon-nanotubes and conductive polyaniline polymer successfully synthesized and characterized for high temperature and non-humidified polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. ^[10] With stricter particulate matter (PM) emission regulations, PM filters coated with a three-way conversion catalyst (TWC), named four-way catalysts (FWC), are being deployed in gasoline-engine powered vehicles. ^[11] This article reviews recent advances in characterization techniques and material development strategies for the surface/interface engineering of energy conversion catalysts, with an emphasis on surface defect engineering, surface crystalline property modulation, surface microstructure tailoring and heterointerface construction. ^[12] When the salen ligand is fixed, the catalytic activity metal-salen complexes can be measured by the interaction between the oxygen atom (O) of epoxides and the central metal (M) and there is a linear relationship between the energy span and the M-O bond length, which can be used as a descriptor to screen CO2 conversion catalysts. ^[13] The key parameters that determine the catalytic performance, such as the composition and structure of the Fe-based or metal oxide-based CO2 conversion catalysts, the properties of H-ZSM-5, and the synergy between the two components, are analyzed to provide insights for the design of efficient tandem catalysts for CO2 aromatization. ^[14] These results have broad implications for the molecular-level design of energy conversion catalysts. ^[15] 7 mg cm, placing TiS@NSC one of the best LiPSs adsorbents and sulfur conversion catalysts reported to date. ^[16] [FeFe]-hydrogenases are efficient biological hydrogen conversion catalysts and blueprints for technological fuel production. ^[17] This work thereby provides a strategically designed CO2 conversion catalyst based on an ionic crosslinked polymer with intrinsic microporosity. ^[18] For this, the paper gives an overview on published isothermal conversion catalyst data at LN2 temperature. ^[19] Pd decorated nanotube arrays catalyst present a lower light-off temperature and a higher thermal stability than a commercial catalyst in CO conversion catalyst test. ^[20] The paper presents the results of a study of the regularities for the formation of w/o emulsions of aqueous solutions of the following precursors for hydroconversion catalysts: (NH4)6Mo7O24, (NH4)2WO4, Fe(NO3)3, and Ni(NO3)2. ^[21] Cu+/Cu0 oxidation state role and distribution may, therefore, aid in CO2 conversion catalyst design and optimisation. ^[22] The intimate combination of three-dimensional conductive networks (NCNTs) with abundant polysulfide adsorbent sites (SiO2 and N)/polysulfide conversion catalysts (Co and Co-N x species) allows the Co/mSiO2-NCNTs coating layer to not only effectively capture polysulfides via both physical confinement and chemical bonding but also accelerate the redox kinetics of polysulfides significantly. ^[23] Our findings emphasize the relevance of an atypical Ni coordination, thereby providing a blueprint for the design of bio‐inspired H2‐conversion catalysts. ^[24]

Co2 Conversion Catalyst

The clear understandings of reaction pathway and plasmonic enhancement mechanism are helpful for the future design of photo-thermal CO2 conversion catalysts. ^[1] When the salen ligand is fixed, the catalytic activity metal-salen complexes can be measured by the interaction between the oxygen atom (O) of epoxides and the central metal (M) and there is a linear relationship between the energy span and the M-O bond length, which can be used as a descriptor to screen CO2 conversion catalysts. ^[2] The key parameters that determine the catalytic performance, such as the composition and structure of the Fe-based or metal oxide-based CO2 conversion catalysts, the properties of H-ZSM-5, and the synergy between the two components, are analyzed to provide insights for the design of efficient tandem catalysts for CO2 aromatization. ^[3] This work thereby provides a strategically designed CO2 conversion catalyst based on an ionic crosslinked polymer with intrinsic microporosity. ^[4] Cu+/Cu0 oxidation state role and distribution may, therefore, aid in CO2 conversion catalyst design and optimisation. ^[5]

Energy Conversion Catalyst

Converting electronic wastes into high-efficiency energy conversion catalysts is a win-win strategy in addressing the metal resources shortage and sustainable energy challenges. ^[1] An advanced energy conversion catalyst comprising pristine carbon-nanotubes and conductive polyaniline polymer successfully synthesized and characterized for high temperature and non-humidified polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. ^[2] This article reviews recent advances in characterization techniques and material development strategies for the surface/interface engineering of energy conversion catalysts, with an emphasis on surface defect engineering, surface crystalline property modulation, surface microstructure tailoring and heterointerface construction. ^[3] These results have broad implications for the molecular-level design of energy conversion catalysts. ^[4]

Hydrogen Conversion Catalyst

Cryogenic hydrogen liquefaction plants have a uniquely designed plate fin heat exchanger (PFHE) in which the fin channels are filled with an ortho-para hydrogen conversion catalyst (O-P catalyst). ^[1] [FeFe]-hydrogenases are efficient biological hydrogen conversion catalysts and blueprints for technological fuel production. ^[2]

Polysulfide Conversion Catalyst

Among all the competing polysulfides conversion catalysts, MoS2 is considered as the one of the strongest competitors. ^[1] The intimate combination of three-dimensional conductive networks (NCNTs) with abundant polysulfide adsorbent sites (SiO2 and N)/polysulfide conversion catalysts (Co and Co-N x species) allows the Co/mSiO2-NCNTs coating layer to not only effectively capture polysulfides via both physical confinement and chemical bonding but also accelerate the redox kinetics of polysulfides significantly. ^[2]