Introduction to Anaplastic Astrocytoma

Immunohistochemical studies were performed on 40 gliomas, namely on 13 lower-grade (G2) gliomas (8 astrocytomas, 5 oligodendrogliomas) and 27 high-grade gliomas (G3–12 anaplastic astrocytomas, 4 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas; G4–11 glioblastomas).

We planned this prospective study to evaluate PSMA expression in recurrent high-grade gliomas (rHGG), including anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma using Glu-NH-CO-NH-Lys-(Ahx)-[Ga-68 (HBED-CC)]- (Ga-68 PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET), with its theranostic potential in mind.

RESULTS Fourteen patients [glioblastoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild type (N = 6), glioblastoma, IDH mutant (N = 4), anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH wild type (N = 1), anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH mutant (N = 1), glioblastoma, not otherwise specified (N = 1) and radiologically diagnosed brainstem glioma (N = 1)] were included in this study.

1%): diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-mutant ( n  = 3); diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-wild type ( n  = 1); anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-mutant ( n  = 3); anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-wild type ( n  = 4); and glioblastoma, IDH-wild type ( n  = 7).

Histology found GBM in 16 patients (80%), 2 cases of Grade III anaplastic astrocytoma (10%), 1 case of anaplastic oligodendroglioma (5%), and 1 case of Grade III anaplastic eppendymoma (5%).

Visual Patients with grade III anaplastic astrocytomas (AA) separate into survival cohorts based on the presence or absence of mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH).

Interestingly, one anaplastic astrocytoma (IDH mut, non-codeleted) that progressed from precedent grade 2 tumor harbored amplification of the MYC locus.

Results All gliomas but 3 diffuse astrocytomas and one anaplastic astrocytoma had 4DST uptake and Gd enhancement on MRI.

Results: Diagnosis of patients as follows: 21 pons glioma, 2 anaplastic astrocytoma, 11 anaplastic ependimoma, 7 glioblastoma multiforme, 1 glioblastoma, 2 gliomatosis cerebri.

Of 18 glioma patients enrolled, 13 were GBM, 2 anaplastic astrocytomas, 1 diffuse astrocytoma, and 1 anaplastic oligodendroglioma.

The initial tissue diagnosis of the recurrent tumor for the 30 subjects was 26 glioblastoma, 3 anaplastic oligodendroglioma, and 1 anaplastic astrocytoma.

15 (54%) tumors were astrocytomas (5 glioblastomas, 1 anaplastic astrocytoma, 1 pilocytic astrocytoma, 3 pilomixoid astrocytomas, 2 subependymal giant cell astrocytomas, 3 astrocytomas not otherwise specified (NOS)), 4 (14%) were anaplastic ependymomas, and 9 (32%) were mixed tumors (5 gangliogliomas, 2 gangliocytomas, 2 desmoplastic infantile gangliogliomas (DIGs)).

Recurrent gliomas included 37 glioblastomas (WHO grade IV) and 7 anaplastic astrocytomas (WHO grade III).

METHODS In total, 105 patients with newly diagnosed cerebral gliomas (6 diffuse astrocytomas [DAs] with IDH-wt, 6 DAs with IDH-mut, 7 anaplastic astrocytomas [AAs] with IDH-wt, 24 AAs with IDH-mut, 26 glioblastomas [GBMs] with IDH-wt, 5 GBMs with IDH-mut, 19 oligodendrogliomas [ODs], and 12 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas [AOs]) were included.

Various infections and heparin induced thrombocytopenia: case report A 53-year-old woman developed invasive cutaneous aspergillosis, pseudomonas infection, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection, Achromobacter xylosoxidans infection and Enterococcus casseliflavus infection during treatment with temozolomide for frontotemporal anaplastic astrocytoma.

This report describes a case of 53 years old immunocompromised female patient who was diagnosed with frontotemporal anaplastic astrocytoma and developed nasal skin lesion turned to be invasive cutaneous aspergillosis.

120 brain biopsies were taken in vital tumor, infiltration zone and normal brain tissue of 30 glioma patients: 17 IDH(isocitrate dehydrogenase)-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM), 1 IDH-wildtype astrocytoma °III (together prognostic group 1), 3 IDH-mutated GBM (group 2), 3 anaplastic astrocytomas IDH-mutated (group 3), 4 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and 2 low-grade oligodendrogliomas (together prognostic group 4).

RESULTS In this case, the primary histopathological diagnosis post cranial tumour removal was Grade-3 anaplastic astrocytoma, whereas Spinal autopsy report done 16 months after the primary diagnosis showed Grade-4 GBM suggestive of secondary transformation (Secondary GBM), it showed same genome of IDH mutation and ATRX loss, neoplastic fibrillary and gemistocytic astrocytes with de-differentiation, foamy histiocytes as seen in primary lesion suggestive of progression and metachronicity rather than multicentricity or synchronicity.

For comparison of the Ki-67 LI between WHO grades (II-IV), 9 IDH-mutated diffuse astrocytomas and 9 IDH-mutated anaplastic astrocytomas were stained.

One case of IDH1-mutated anaplastic astrocytoma showed loss of MLH1 and PMS2 staining.

Temozolomide (TMZ) is a broad spectrum alkylating agent found effective in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme, refractory anaplastic astrocytoma, and metastatic melanoma.

Introduction Temozolomide is an alkylating agent, indicated in the treatment of refractory anaplastic astrocytoma and newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

BACKGROUND IDH-mutant anaplastic astrocytomas (AA) are chemosensitive tumours for which the best choice of adjuvant chemotherapy between procarbazine, CCNU and vincristine (PCV) or temozolomide (TMZ) after radiotherapy (RT) remains unclear.

We sought to identify tumor-specific vulnerabilities induced by the IDH1-R132H oncogene and test the translational relevance of targeting them using a new genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of IDH1 mutant anaplastic astrocytoma.

Methods We applied immunohistochemistry in tumor tissue sections of 18 high-grade glioma (HGG) patients (4 anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-wildtype WHO-III; 14 glioblastomas (GBM), IDH-wildtype WHO-IV) in order to assess and quantify leucocytes (CD45) and macrophages (CD68, CD163) within the tumor core, infiltration zone and perivascular spaces.

RESULTS There were 9 glioblastomas, 4 anaplastic astrocytomas and 7 metastatic tumors.

Histologic diagnosis- Anaplastic astrocytoma grade III, IDH mutant with ATRX loss.

He had a past medical history of anaplastic astrocytoma grade III.

Tissues from IDH-mutant cases were stiffer than those from IDH-wildtype ones among anaplastic astrocytoma patients (p = 0.

We found that repression of this locus by PRC2 occurs in immortalized GBM-derived cell lines as well as in primary bulk tumors from GBM and anaplastic astrocytoma patients.

Findings supported the final diagnosis of anaplastic astrocytoma IDH1-wild type of the medullary cone with diffuse leptomeningeal and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dissemination.

An awake surgery was performed and found a grade III anaplastic astrocytoma IDH1-R132L mutant, according to the 2016 WHO classification.

We report a 37-year-old male patient diagnosed with anaplastic astrocytoma following tumor resection.

A female patient had surgical treatment of anaplastic astrocytoma following radiotherapy and chemotherapy (temozolomide, irinotecan, bevacizumab) at the age of 17 years old.